5 This document was contributed by Cirrus Logic for kernel 2.2.5. This version
6 has been updated for 2.3.48 by Andrew Morton.
8 Cirrus make a copy of this driver available at their website, as
9 described below. In general, you should use the driver version which
10 comes with your Linux distribution.
14 CIRRUS LOGIC LAN CS8900/CS8920 ETHERNET ADAPTERS
15 Linux Network Interface Driver ver. 2.00 <kernel 2.3.48>
16 ===============================================================================
21 1.0 CIRRUS LOGIC LAN CS8900/CS8920 ETHERNET ADAPTERS
23 1.2 Driver Description
25 1.2.2 File in the Driver Package
26 1.3 System Requirements
27 1.4 Licensing Information
29 2.0 ADAPTER INSTALLATION and CONFIGURATION
30 2.1 CS8900-based Adapter Configuration
31 2.2 CS8920-based Adapter Configuration
33 3.0 LOADING THE DRIVER AS A MODULE
35 4.0 COMPILING THE DRIVER
36 4.1 Compiling the Driver as a Loadable Module
37 4.2 Compiling the driver to support memory mode
38 4.3 Compiling the driver to support Rx DMA
40 5.0 TESTING AND TROUBLESHOOTING
41 5.1 Known Defects and Limitations
42 5.2 Testing the Adapter
43 5.2.1 Diagnostic Self-Test
44 5.2.2 Diagnostic Network Test
45 5.3 Using the Adapter's LEDs
46 5.4 Resolving I/O Conflicts
49 6.1 Contacting Cirrus Logic's Technical Support
50 6.2 Information Required Before Contacting Technical Support
51 6.3 Obtaining the Latest Driver Version
52 6.4 Current maintainer
53 6.5 Kernel boot parameters
56 1.0 CIRRUS LOGIC LAN CS8900/CS8920 ETHERNET ADAPTERS
57 ===============================================================================
62 The CS8900-based ISA Ethernet Adapters from Cirrus Logic follow
63 IEEE 802.3 standards and support half or full-duplex operation in ISA bus
64 computers on 10 Mbps Ethernet networks. The adapters are designed for operation
65 in 16-bit ISA or EISA bus expansion slots and are available in
66 10BaseT-only or 3-media configurations (10BaseT, 10Base2, and AUI for 10Base-5
69 CS8920-based adapters are similar to the CS8900-based adapter with additional
70 features for Plug and Play (PnP) support and Wakeup Frame recognition. As
71 such, the configuration procedures differ somewhat between the two types of
72 adapters. Refer to the "Adapter Configuration" section for details on
73 configuring both types of adapters.
76 1.2 DRIVER DESCRIPTION
78 The CS8900/CS8920 Ethernet Adapter driver for Linux supports the Linux
79 v2.3.48 or greater kernel. It can be compiled directly into the kernel
80 or loaded at run-time as a device driver module.
82 1.2.1 Driver Name: cs89x0
84 1.2.2 Files in the Driver Archive:
86 The files in the driver at Cirrus' website include:
88 readme.txt - this file
89 build - batch file to compile cs89x0.c.
90 cs89x0.c - driver C code
91 cs89x0.h - driver header file
92 cs89x0.o - pre-compiled module (for v2.2.5 kernel)
93 config/Config.in - sample file to include cs89x0 driver in the kernel.
94 config/Makefile - sample file to include cs89x0 driver in the kernel.
95 config/Space.c - sample file to include cs89x0 driver in the kernel.
99 1.3 SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS
101 The following hardware is required:
103 * Cirrus Logic LAN (CS8900/20-based) Ethernet ISA Adapter
105 * IBM or IBM-compatible PC with:
106 * An 80386 or higher processor
107 * 16 bytes of contiguous IO space available between 210h - 370h
108 * One available IRQ (5,10,11,or 12 for the CS8900, 3-7,9-15 for CS8920).
110 * Appropriate cable (and connector for AUI, 10BASE-2) for your network
113 The following software is required:
115 * LINUX kernel version 2.3.48 or higher
117 * CS8900/20 Setup Utility (DOS-based)
119 * LINUX kernel sources for your kernel (if compiling into kernel)
121 * GNU Toolkit (gcc and make) v2.6 or above (if compiling into kernel
126 1.4 LICENSING INFORMATION
128 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
129 the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
130 Foundation, version 1.
132 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
133 ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
134 FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for
137 For a full copy of the GNU General Public License, write to the Free Software
138 Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
142 2.0 ADAPTER INSTALLATION and CONFIGURATION
143 ===============================================================================
145 Both the CS8900 and CS8920-based adapters can be configured using parameters
146 stored in an on-board EEPROM. You must use the DOS-based CS8900/20 Setup
147 Utility if you want to change the adapter's configuration in EEPROM.
149 When loading the driver as a module, you can specify many of the adapter's
150 configuration parameters on the command-line to override the EEPROM's settings
151 or for interface configuration when an EEPROM is not used. (CS8920-based
152 adapters must use an EEPROM.) See Section 3.0 LOADING THE DRIVER AS A MODULE.
154 Since the CS8900/20 Setup Utility is a DOS-based application, you must install
155 and configure the adapter in a DOS-based system using the CS8900/20 Setup
156 Utility before installation in the target LINUX system. (Not required if
157 installing a CS8900-based adapter and the default configuration is acceptable.)
160 2.1 CS8900-BASED ADAPTER CONFIGURATION
162 CS8900-based adapters shipped from Cirrus Logic have been configured
163 with the following "default" settings:
165 Operation Mode: Memory Mode
167 Base I/O Address: 300
168 Memory Base Address: D0000
169 Optimization: DOS Client
170 Transmission Mode: Half-duplex
172 Media Type: Autodetect (3-media cards) or
173 10BASE-T (10BASE-T only adapter)
175 You should only change the default configuration settings if conflicts with
176 another adapter exists. To change the adapter's configuration, run the
177 CS8900/20 Setup Utility.
180 2.2 CS8920-BASED ADAPTER CONFIGURATION
182 CS8920-based adapters are shipped from Cirrus Logic configured as Plug
183 and Play (PnP) enabled. However, since the cs89x0 driver does NOT
184 support PnP, you must install the CS8920 adapter in a DOS-based PC and
185 run the CS8900/20 Setup Utility to disable PnP and configure the
186 adapter before installation in the target Linux system. Failure to do
187 this will leave the adapter inactive and the driver will be unable to
188 communicate with the adapter.
191 ****************************************************************
192 * CS8920-BASED ADAPTERS: *
194 * CS8920-BASED ADAPTERS ARE PLUG and PLAY ENABLED BY DEFAULT. *
195 * THE CS89X0 DRIVER DOES NOT SUPPORT PnP. THEREFORE, YOU MUST *
196 * RUN THE CS8900/20 SETUP UTILITY TO DISABLE PnP SUPPORT AND *
197 * TO ACTIVATE THE ADAPTER. *
198 ****************************************************************
203 3.0 LOADING THE DRIVER AS A MODULE
204 ===============================================================================
206 If the driver is compiled as a loadable module, you can load the driver module
207 with the 'modprobe' command. Many of the adapter's configuration parameters can
208 be specified as command-line arguments to the load command. This facility
209 provides a means to override the EEPROM's settings or for interface
210 configuration when an EEPROM is not used.
214 insmod cs89x0.o io=0x200 irq=0xA media=aui
216 This example loads the module and configures the adapter to use an IO port base
217 address of 200h, interrupt 10, and use the AUI media connection. The following
218 configuration options are available on the command line:
220 * io=### - specify IO address (200h-360h)
221 * irq=## - specify interrupt level
222 * use_dma=1 - Enable DMA
223 * dma=# - specify dma channel (Driver is compiled to support
225 * dmasize=# (16 or 64) - DMA size 16K or 64K. Default value is set to 16.
226 * media=rj45 - specify media type
230 * duplex=full - specify forced half/full/autonegotiate duplex
233 * debug=# - debug level (only available if the driver was compiled
238 a) If an EEPROM is present, any specified command-line parameter
239 will override the corresponding configuration value stored in
242 b) The "io" parameter must be specified on the command-line.
244 c) The driver's hardware probe routine is designed to avoid
245 writing to I/O space until it knows that there is a cs89x0
246 card at the written addresses. This could cause problems
247 with device probing. To avoid this behaviour, add one
248 to the `io=' module parameter. This doesn't actually change
249 the I/O address, but it is a flag to tell the driver
250 to partially initialise the hardware before trying to
251 identify the card. This could be dangerous if you are
252 not sure that there is a cs89x0 card at the provided address.
254 For example, to scan for an adapter located at IO base 0x300,
255 specify an IO address of 0x301.
257 d) The "duplex=auto" parameter is only supported for the CS8920.
259 e) The minimum command-line configuration required if an EEPROM is
264 media type (no autodetect)
266 f) The following additional parameters are CS89XX defaults (values
267 used with no EEPROM or command-line argument).
269 * DMA Burst = enabled
270 * IOCHRDY Enabled = enabled
272 * CS8900 defaults to half-duplex if not specified on command-line
273 * CS8920 defaults to autoneg if not specified on command-line
274 * Use reset defaults for other config parameters
277 g) You can use ifconfig to set the adapter's Ethernet address.
279 h) Many Linux distributions use the 'modprobe' command to load
280 modules. This program uses the '/etc/conf.modules' file to
281 determine configuration information which is passed to a driver
282 module when it is loaded. All the configuration options which are
283 described above may be placed within /etc/conf.modules.
287 > cat /etc/conf.modules
290 options cs89x0 io=0x0200 dma=5 use_dma=1
293 In this example we are telling the module system that the
294 ethernet driver for this machine should use the cs89x0 driver. We
295 are asking 'modprobe' to pass the 'io', 'dma' and 'use_dma'
296 arguments to the driver when it is loaded.
298 i) Cirrus recommend that the cs89x0 use the ISA DMA channels 5, 6 or
299 7. You will probably find that other DMA channels will not work.
301 j) The cs89x0 supports DMA for receiving only. DMA mode is
302 significantly more efficient. Flooding a 400 MHz Celeron machine
303 with large ping packets consumes 82% of its CPU capacity in non-DMA
304 mode. With DMA this is reduced to 45%.
306 k) If your Linux kernel was compiled with inbuilt plug-and-play
307 support you will be able to find information about the cs89x0 card
312 l) If during DMA operation you find erratic behavior or network data
313 corruption you should use your PC's BIOS to slow the EISA bus clock.
315 m) If the cs89x0 driver is compiled directly into the kernel
316 (non-modular) then its I/O address is automatically determined by
317 ISA bus probing. The IRQ number, media options, etc are determined
318 from the card's EEPROM.
320 n) If the cs89x0 driver is compiled directly into the kernel, DMA
321 mode may be selected by providing the kernel with a boot option
322 'cs89x0_dma=N' where 'N' is the desired DMA channel number (5, 6 or 7).
324 Kernel boot options may be provided on the LILO command line:
326 LILO boot: linux cs89x0_dma=5
328 or they may be placed in /etc/lilo.conf:
330 image=/boot/bzImage-2.3.48
331 append="cs89x0_dma=5"
336 The DMA Rx buffer size is hardwired to 16 kbytes in this mode.
337 (64k mode is not available).
340 4.0 COMPILING THE DRIVER
341 ===============================================================================
343 The cs89x0 driver can be compiled directly into the kernel or compiled into
344 a loadable device driver module.
347 4.1 COMPILING THE DRIVER AS A LOADABLE MODULE
349 To compile the driver into a loadable module, use the following command
350 (single command line, without quotes):
352 "gcc -D__KERNEL__ -I/usr/src/linux/include -I/usr/src/linux/net/inet -Wall
353 -Wstrict-prototypes -O2 -fomit-frame-pointer -DMODULE -DCONFIG_MODVERSIONS
356 4.2 COMPILING THE DRIVER TO SUPPORT MEMORY MODE
358 Support for memory mode was not carried over into the 2.3 series kernels.
360 4.3 COMPILING THE DRIVER TO SUPPORT Rx DMA
362 The compile-time optionality for DMA was removed in the 2.3 kernel
363 series. DMA support is now unconditionally part of the driver. It is
364 enabled by the 'use_dma=1' module option.
367 5.0 TESTING AND TROUBLESHOOTING
368 ===============================================================================
370 5.1 KNOWN DEFECTS and LIMITATIONS
372 Refer to the RELEASE.TXT file distributed as part of this archive for a list of
373 known defects, driver limitations, and work arounds.
376 5.2 TESTING THE ADAPTER
378 Once the adapter has been installed and configured, the diagnostic option of
379 the CS8900/20 Setup Utility can be used to test the functionality of the
380 adapter and its network connection. Use the diagnostics 'Self Test' option to
381 test the functionality of the adapter with the hardware configuration you have
382 assigned. You can use the diagnostics 'Network Test' to test the ability of the
383 adapter to communicate across the Ethernet with another PC equipped with a
384 CS8900/20-based adapter card (it must also be running the CS8900/20 Setup
387 NOTE: The Setup Utility's diagnostics are designed to run in a
388 DOS-only operating system environment. DO NOT run the diagnostics
389 from a DOS or command prompt session under Windows 95, Windows NT,
390 OS/2, or other operating system.
392 To run the diagnostics tests on the CS8900/20 adapter:
394 1.) Boot DOS on the PC and start the CS8900/20 Setup Utility.
396 2.) The adapter's current configuration is displayed. Hit the ENTER key to
397 get to the main menu.
399 4.) Select 'Diagnostics' (ALT-G) from the main menu.
400 * Select 'Self-Test' to test the adapter's basic functionality.
401 * Select 'Network Test' to test the network connection and cabling.
404 5.2.1 DIAGNOSTIC SELF-TEST
406 The diagnostic self-test checks the adapter's basic functionality as well as
407 its ability to communicate across the ISA bus based on the system resources
408 assigned during hardware configuration. The following tests are performed:
410 * IO Register Read/Write Test
411 The IO Register Read/Write test insures that the CS8900/20 can be
412 accessed in IO mode, and that the IO base address is correct.
415 The Shared Memory test insures the CS8900/20 can be accessed in memory
416 mode and that the range of memory addresses assigned does not conflict
417 with other devices in the system.
420 The Interrupt test insures there are no conflicts with the assigned IRQ
424 The EEPROM test insures the EEPROM can be read.
427 The Chip RAM test insures the 4K of memory internal to the CS8900/20 is
430 * Internal Loop-back Test
431 The Internal Loop Back test insures the adapter's transmitter and
432 receiver are operating properly. If this test fails, make sure the
433 adapter's cable is connected to the network (check for LED activity for
437 The Boot PROM test insures the Boot PROM is present, and can be read.
438 Failure indicates the Boot PROM was not successfully read due to a
439 hardware problem or due to a conflicts on the Boot PROM address
440 assignment. (Test only applies if the adapter is configured to use the
443 Failure of a test item indicates a possible system resource conflict with
444 another device on the ISA bus. In this case, you should use the Manual Setup
445 option to reconfigure the adapter by selecting a different value for the system
446 resource that failed.
449 5.2.2 DIAGNOSTIC NETWORK TEST
451 The Diagnostic Network Test verifies a working network connection by
452 transferring data between two CS8900/20 adapters installed in different PCs
453 on the same network. (Note: the diagnostic network test should not be run
454 between two nodes across a router.)
456 This test requires that each of the two PCs have a CS8900/20-based adapter
457 installed and have the CS8900/20 Setup Utility running. The first PC is
458 configured as a Responder and the other PC is configured as an Initiator.
459 Once the Initiator is started, it sends data frames to the Responder which
460 returns the frames to the Initiator.
462 The total number of frames received and transmitted are displayed on the
463 Initiator's display, along with a count of the number of frames received and
464 transmitted OK or in error. The test can be terminated anytime by the user at
467 To setup the Diagnostic Network Test:
469 1.) Select a PC with a CS8900/20-based adapter and a known working network
470 connection to act as the Responder. Run the CS8900/20 Setup Utility
471 and select 'Diagnostics -> Network Test -> Responder' from the main
472 menu. Hit ENTER to start the Responder.
474 2.) Return to the PC with the CS8900/20-based adapter you want to test and
475 start the CS8900/20 Setup Utility.
477 3.) From the main menu, Select 'Diagnostic -> Network Test -> Initiator'.
478 Hit ENTER to start the test.
480 You may stop the test on the Initiator at any time while allowing the Responder
481 to continue running. In this manner, you can move to additional PCs and test
482 them by starting the Initiator on another PC without having to stop/start the
487 5.3 USING THE ADAPTER'S LEDs
489 The 2 and 3-media adapters have two LEDs visible on the back end of the board
490 located near the 10Base-T connector.
492 Link Integrity LED: A "steady" ON of the green LED indicates a valid 10Base-T
493 connection. (Only applies to 10Base-T. The green LED has no significance for
494 a 10Base-2 or AUI connection.)
496 TX/RX LED: The yellow LED lights briefly each time the adapter transmits or
497 receives data. (The yellow LED will appear to "flicker" on a typical network.)
500 5.4 RESOLVING I/O CONFLICTS
502 An IO conflict occurs when two or more adapter use the same ISA resource (IO
503 address, memory address or IRQ). You can usually detect an IO conflict in one
504 of four ways after installing and or configuring the CS8900/20-based adapter:
506 1.) The system does not boot properly (or at all).
508 2.) The driver cannot communicate with the adapter, reporting an "Adapter
509 not found" error message.
511 3.) You cannot connect to the network or the driver will not load.
513 4.) If you have configured the adapter to run in memory mode but the driver
514 reports it is using IO mode when loading, this is an indication of a
515 memory address conflict.
517 If an IO conflict occurs, run the CS8900/20 Setup Utility and perform a
518 diagnostic self-test. Normally, the ISA resource in conflict will fail the
519 self-test. If so, reconfigure the adapter selecting another choice for the
520 resource in conflict. Run the diagnostics again to check for further IO
523 In some cases, such as when the PC will not boot, it may be necessary to remove
524 the adapter and reconfigure it by installing it in another PC to run the
525 CS8900/20 Setup Utility. Once reinstalled in the target system, run the
526 diagnostics self-test to ensure the new configuration is free of conflicts
527 before loading the driver again.
529 When manually configuring the adapter, keep in mind the typical ISA system
530 resource usage as indicated in the tables below.
532 I/O Address Device IRQ Device
533 ----------- -------- --- --------
534 200-20F Game I/O adapter 3 COM2, Bus Mouse
535 230-23F Bus Mouse 4 COM1
536 270-27F LPT3: third parallel port 5 LPT2
537 2F0-2FF COM2: second serial port 6 Floppy Disk controller
538 320-32F Fixed disk controller 7 LPT1
540 9 EGA/VGA display adapter
542 Memory Address Device 13 Math Coprocessor
543 -------------- --------------------- 14 Hard Disk controller
544 A000-BFFF EGA Graphics Adapter
545 A000-C7FF VGA Graphics Adapter
546 B000-BFFF Mono Graphics Adapter
547 B800-BFFF Color Graphics Adapter
553 6.0 TECHNICAL SUPPORT
554 ===============================================================================
556 6.1 CONTACTING CIRRUS LOGIC'S TECHNICAL SUPPORT
558 Cirrus Logic's CS89XX Technical Application Support can be reached at:
560 Telephone :(800) 888-5016 (from inside U.S. and Canada)
561 :(512) 442-7555 (from outside the U.S. and Canada)
563 Email :ethernet@crystal.cirrus.com
564 WWW :http://www.cirrus.com
567 6.2 INFORMATION REQUIRED BEFORE CONTACTING TECHNICAL SUPPORT
569 Before contacting Cirrus Logic for technical support, be prepared to provide as
570 Much of the following information as possible.
572 1.) Adapter type (CRD8900, CDB8900, CDB8920, etc.)
574 2.) Adapter configuration
576 * IO Base, Memory Base, IO or memory mode enabled, IRQ, DMA channel
577 * Plug and Play enabled/disabled (CS8920-based adapters only)
578 * Configured for media auto-detect or specific media type (which type).
580 3.) PC System's Configuration
582 * Plug and Play system (yes/no)
583 * BIOS (make and version)
584 * System make and model
585 * CPU (type and speed)
591 * CS89XX driver and version
592 * Your network operating system and version
593 * Your system's OS version
594 * Version of all protocol support files
596 5.) Any Error Message displayed.
600 6.3 OBTAINING THE LATEST DRIVER VERSION
602 You can obtain the latest CS89XX drivers and support software from Cirrus Logic's
603 Web site. You can also contact Cirrus Logic's Technical Support (email:
604 ethernet@crystal.cirrus.com) and request that you be registered for automatic
605 software-update notification.
607 Cirrus Logic maintains a web page at http://www.cirrus.com with the
608 latest drivers and technical publications.
611 6.4 Current maintainer
613 In February 2000 the maintenance of this driver was assumed by Andrew
616 6.5 Kernel module parameters
618 For use in embedded environments with no cs89x0 EEPROM, the kernel boot
619 parameter `cs89x0_media=' has been implemented. Usage is: