5 NTB (Non-Transparent Bridge) is a type of PCI-Express bridge chip that connects
6 the separate memory systems of two computers to the same PCI-Express fabric.
7 Existing NTB hardware supports a common feature set, including scratchpad
8 registers, doorbell registers, and memory translation windows. Scratchpad
9 registers are read-and-writable registers that are accessible from either side
10 of the device, so that peers can exchange a small amount of information at a
11 fixed address. Doorbell registers provide a way for peers to send interrupt
12 events. Memory windows allow translated read and write access to the peer
18 The NTB core driver defines an api wrapping the common feature set, and allows
19 clients interested in NTB features to discover NTB the devices supported by
20 hardware drivers. The term "client" is used here to mean an upper layer
21 component making use of the NTB api. The term "driver," or "hardware driver,"
22 is used here to mean a driver for a specific vendor and model of NTB hardware.
27 NTB client drivers should register with the NTB core driver. After
28 registering, the client probe and remove functions will be called appropriately
29 as ntb hardware, or hardware drivers, are inserted and removed. The
30 registration uses the Linux Device framework, so it should feel familiar to
31 anyone who has written a pci driver.
33 NTB Transport Client (ntb\_transport) and NTB Netdev (ntb\_netdev)
34 ------------------------------------------------------------------
36 The primary client for NTB is the Transport client, used in tandem with NTB
37 Netdev. These drivers function together to create a logical link to the peer,
38 across the ntb, to exchange packets of network data. The Transport client
39 establishes a logical link to the peer, and creates queue pairs to exchange
40 messages and data. The NTB Netdev then creates an ethernet device using a
41 Transport queue pair. Network data is copied between socket buffers and the
42 Transport queue pair buffer. The Transport client may be used for other things
43 besides Netdev, however no other applications have yet been written.
45 NTB Ping Pong Test Client (ntb\_pingpong)
46 -----------------------------------------
48 The Ping Pong test client serves as a demonstration to exercise the doorbell
49 and scratchpad registers of NTB hardware, and as an example simple NTB client.
50 Ping Pong enables the link when started, waits for the NTB link to come up, and
51 then proceeds to read and write the doorbell scratchpad registers of the NTB.
52 The peers interrupt each other using a bit mask of doorbell bits, which is
53 shifted by one in each round, to test the behavior of multiple doorbell bits
54 and interrupt vectors. The Ping Pong driver also reads the first local
55 scratchpad, and writes the value plus one to the first peer scratchpad, each
56 round before writing the peer doorbell register.
60 * unsafe - Some hardware has known issues with scratchpad and doorbell
61 registers. By default, Ping Pong will not attempt to exercise such
62 hardware. You may override this behavior at your own risk by setting
64 * delay\_ms - Specify the delay between receiving a doorbell
65 interrupt event and setting the peer doorbell register for the next
67 * init\_db - Specify the doorbell bits to start new series of rounds. A new
68 series begins once all the doorbell bits have been shifted out of
70 * dyndbg - It is suggested to specify dyndbg=+p when loading this module, and
71 then to observe debugging output on the console.
73 NTB Tool Test Client (ntb\_tool)
74 --------------------------------
76 The Tool test client serves for debugging, primarily, ntb hardware and drivers.
77 The Tool provides access through debugfs for reading, setting, and clearing the
78 NTB doorbell, and reading and writing scratchpads.
80 The Tool does not currently have any module parameters.
84 * *debugfs*/ntb\_tool/*hw*/
85 A directory in debugfs will be created for each
86 NTB device probed by the tool. This directory is shortened to *hw*
89 This file is used to read, set, and clear the local doorbell. Not
90 all operations may be supported by all hardware. To read the doorbell,
91 read the file. To set the doorbell, write `s` followed by the bits to
92 set (eg: `echo 's 0x0101' > db`). To clear the doorbell, write `c`
93 followed by the bits to clear.
95 This file is used to read, set, and clear the local doorbell mask.
98 This file is used to read, set, and clear the peer doorbell.
101 This file is used to read, set, and clear the peer doorbell
102 mask. See *db* for details.
104 This file is used to read and write local scratchpads. To read
105 the values of all scratchpads, read the file. To write values, write a
106 series of pairs of scratchpad number and value
107 (eg: `echo '4 0x123 7 0xabc' > spad`
108 # to set scratchpads `4` and `7` to `0x123` and `0xabc`, respectively).
110 This file is used to read and write peer scratchpads. See
116 NTB hardware drivers should register devices with the NTB core driver. After
117 registering, clients probe and remove functions will be called.
119 NTB Intel Hardware Driver (ntb\_hw\_intel)
120 ------------------------------------------
122 The Intel hardware driver supports NTB on Xeon and Atom CPUs.
127 If the peer ntb is to be accessed via a memory window, then use
128 this memory window to access the peer ntb. A value of zero or positive
129 starts from the first mw idx, and a negative value starts from the last
130 mw idx. Both sides MUST set the same value here! The default value is
133 If the peer ntb is to be accessed via a memory window, and if
134 the memory window is large enough, still allow the client to use the
135 second half of the memory window for address translation to the peer.
136 * xeon\_b2b\_usd\_bar2\_addr64
137 If using B2B topology on Xeon hardware, use
138 this 64 bit address on the bus between the NTB devices for the window
139 at BAR2, on the upstream side of the link.
140 * xeon\_b2b\_usd\_bar4\_addr64 - See *xeon\_b2b\_bar2\_addr64*.
141 * xeon\_b2b\_usd\_bar4\_addr32 - See *xeon\_b2b\_bar2\_addr64*.
142 * xeon\_b2b\_usd\_bar5\_addr32 - See *xeon\_b2b\_bar2\_addr64*.
143 * xeon\_b2b\_dsd\_bar2\_addr64 - See *xeon\_b2b\_bar2\_addr64*.
144 * xeon\_b2b\_dsd\_bar4\_addr64 - See *xeon\_b2b\_bar2\_addr64*.
145 * xeon\_b2b\_dsd\_bar4\_addr32 - See *xeon\_b2b\_bar2\_addr64*.
146 * xeon\_b2b\_dsd\_bar5\_addr32 - See *xeon\_b2b\_bar2\_addr64*.