2 Advanced Linux Sound Architecture - Driver
3 ==========================================
10 To enable ALSA support you need at least to build the kernel with
11 primary sound card support (CONFIG_SOUND). Since ALSA can emulate OSS,
12 you don't have to choose any of the OSS modules.
14 Enable "OSS API emulation" (CONFIG_SND_OSSEMUL) and both OSS mixer and
15 PCM supports if you want to run OSS applications with ALSA.
17 If you want to support the WaveTable functionality on cards such as
18 SB Live! then you need to enable "Sequencer support"
19 (CONFIG_SND_SEQUENCER).
21 To make ALSA debug messages more verbose, enable the "Verbose printk"
22 and "Debug" options. To check for memory leaks, turn on "Debug memory"
23 too. "Debug detection" will add checks for the detection of cards.
25 Please note that all the ALSA ISA drivers support the Linux isapnp API
26 (if the card supports ISA PnP). You don't need to configure the cards
33 This depends on your distribution, but normally you use the /dev/MAKEDEV
34 script to create the necessary device nodes. On some systems you use a
35 script named 'snddevices'.
41 The user can load modules with options. If the module supports more than
42 one card and you have more than one card of the same type then you can
43 specify multiple values for the option separated by commas.
45 Prior to version 0.9.0rc4 options had a 'snd_' prefix. This was removed.
50 The core ALSA module. It is used by all ALSA card drivers.
51 It takes the following options which have global effects.
53 major - major number for sound driver
56 - limiting card index for auto-loading (1-8)
58 - For auto-loading more than one card, specify this
59 option together with snd-card-X aliases.
60 slots - Reserve the slot index for the given driver.
61 This option takes multiple strings.
62 See "Module Autoloading Support" section for details.
63 debug - Specifies the debug message level
64 (0 = disable debug prints, 1 = normal debug messages,
65 2 = verbose debug messages)
66 This option appears only when CONFIG_SND_DEBUG=y.
67 This option can be dynamically changed via sysfs
68 /sys/modules/snd/parameters/debug file.
73 The PCM OSS emulation module.
74 This module takes options which change the mapping of devices.
76 dsp_map - PCM device number maps assigned to the 1st OSS device.
78 adsp_map - PCM device number maps assigned to the 2st OSS device.
81 - Don't block opening busy PCM devices. Default: 1
83 For example, when dsp_map=2, /dev/dsp will be mapped to PCM #2 of
84 the card #0. Similarly, when adsp_map=0, /dev/adsp will be mapped
85 to PCM #0 of the card #0.
86 For changing the second or later card, specify the option with
87 commas, such like "dsp_map=0,1".
89 nonblock_open option is used to change the behavior of the PCM
90 regarding opening the device. When this option is non-zero,
91 opening a busy OSS PCM device won't be blocked but return
92 immediately with EAGAIN (just like O_NONBLOCK flag).
97 This module takes options which change the mapping of devices.
98 similar to those of the snd-pcm-oss module.
100 midi_map - MIDI device number maps assigned to the 1st OSS device.
102 amidi_map - MIDI device number maps assigned to the 2st OSS device.
105 Common parameters for top sound card modules
106 --------------------------------------------
108 Each of top level sound card module takes the following options.
110 index - index (slot #) of sound card
111 - Values: 0 through 31 or negative
112 - If nonnegative, assign that index number
113 - if negative, interpret as a bitmask of permissible
114 indices; the first free permitted index is assigned
116 id - card ID (identifier or name)
117 - Can be up to 15 characters long
118 - Default: the card type
119 - A directory by this name is created under /proc/asound/
120 containing information about the card
121 - This ID can be used instead of the index number in
124 - Default: enabled, for PCI and ISA PnP cards
129 Module for AdLib FM cards.
131 port - port # for OPL chip
133 This module supports multiple cards. It does not support autoprobe, so
134 the port must be specified. For actual AdLib FM cards it will be 0x388.
135 Note that this card does not have PCM support and no mixer; only FM
138 Make sure you have "sbiload" from the alsa-tools package available and,
139 after loading the module, find out the assigned ALSA sequencer port
140 number through "sbiload -l". Example output:
142 Port Client name Port name
143 64:0 OPL2 FM synth OPL2 FM Port
145 Load the std.sb and drums.sb patches also supplied by sbiload:
147 sbiload -p 64:0 std.sb drums.sb
149 If you use this driver to drive an OPL3, you can use std.o3 and drums.o3
150 instead. To have the card produce sound, use aplaymidi from alsa-utils:
152 aplaymidi -p 64:0 foo.mid
157 Module for sound cards based on Analog Devices AD1816A/AD1815 ISA chips.
159 clockfreq - Clock frequency for AD1816A chip (default = 0, 33000Hz)
161 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and PnP.
166 Module for sound cards based on AD1848/AD1847/CS4248 ISA chips.
168 port - port # for AD1848 chip
169 irq - IRQ # for AD1848 chip
170 dma1 - DMA # for AD1848 chip (0,1,3)
172 This module supports multiple cards. It does not support autoprobe
173 thus main port must be specified!!! Other ports are optional.
175 The power-management is supported.
180 Module for Analog Devices AD1889 chips.
182 ac97_quirk - AC'97 workaround for strange hardware
183 See the description of intel8x0 module for details.
185 This module supports multiple cards.
190 Module for ALi M5451 PCI chip.
192 pcm_channels - Number of hardware channels assigned for PCM
193 spdif - Support SPDIF I/O
196 This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
198 The power-management is supported.
203 Module for sound cards based on Avance Logic ALS100/ALS120 ISA chips.
205 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and PnP.
207 The power-management is supported.
212 Module for Avance Logic ALS300 and ALS300+
214 This module supports multiple cards.
216 The power-management is supported.
221 Module for sound cards based on Avance Logic ALS4000 PCI chip.
223 joystick_port - port # for legacy joystick support.
224 0 = disabled (default), 1 = auto-detect
226 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and PnP.
228 The power-management is supported.
233 Module for AudioScience ASI soundcards
235 enable_hpi_hwdep - enable HPI hwdep for AudioScience soundcard
237 This module supports multiple cards.
238 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
243 Module for ATI IXP 150/200/250/400 AC97 controllers.
245 ac97_clock - AC'97 clock (default = 48000)
246 ac97_quirk - AC'97 workaround for strange hardware
247 See "AC97 Quirk Option" section below.
248 ac97_codec - Workaround to specify which AC'97 codec
249 instead of probing. If this works for you
250 file a bug with your `lspci -vn` output.
252 -1 -- Default behavior.
253 0-2 -- Use the specified codec.
254 spdif_aclink - S/PDIF transfer over AC-link (default = 1)
256 This module supports one card and autoprobe.
258 ATI IXP has two different methods to control SPDIF output. One is
259 over AC-link and another is over the "direct" SPDIF output. The
260 implementation depends on the motherboard, and you'll need to
261 choose the correct one via spdif_aclink module option.
263 The power-management is supported.
265 Module snd-atiixp-modem
266 -----------------------
268 Module for ATI IXP 150/200/250 AC97 modem controllers.
270 This module supports one card and autoprobe.
272 Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
275 The power-management is supported.
277 Module snd-au8810, snd-au8820, snd-au8830
278 -----------------------------------------
280 Module for Aureal Vortex, Vortex2 and Advantage device.
282 pcifix - Control PCI workarounds
283 0 = Disable all workarounds
284 1 = Force the PCI latency of the Aureal card to 0xff
285 2 = Force the Extend PCI#2 Internal Master for Efficient
286 Handling of Dummy Requests on the VIA KT133 AGP Bridge
287 3 = Force both settings
288 255 = Autodetect what is required (default)
290 This module supports all ADB PCM channels, ac97 mixer, SPDIF, hardware
291 EQ, mpu401, gameport. A3D and wavetable support are still in development.
292 Development and reverse engineering work is being coordinated at
293 http://savannah.nongnu.org/projects/openvortex/
294 SPDIF output has a copy of the AC97 codec output, unless you use the
295 "spdif" pcm device, which allows raw data passthru.
296 The hardware EQ hardware and SPDIF is only present in the Vortex2 and
299 Note: Some ALSA mixer applications don't handle the SPDIF sample rate
300 control correctly. If you have problems regarding this, try
301 another ALSA compliant mixer (alsamixer works).
306 Module for Aztech Sound Galaxy soundcards based on the Aztech AZT1605
309 port - port # for BASE (0x220,0x240,0x260,0x280)
310 wss_port - port # for WSS (0x530,0x604,0xe80,0xf40)
311 irq - IRQ # for WSS (7,9,10,11)
312 dma1 - DMA # for WSS playback (0,1,3)
313 dma2 - DMA # for WSS capture (0,1), -1 = disabled (default)
314 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x330), -1 = disabled (default)
315 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (3,5,7,9), -1 = disabled (default)
316 fm_port - port # for OPL3 (0x388), -1 = disabled (default)
318 This module supports multiple cards. It does not support autoprobe: port,
319 wss_port, irq and dma1 have to be specified. The other values are
322 "port" needs to match the BASE ADDRESS jumper on the card (0x220 or 0x240)
323 or the value stored in the card's EEPROM for cards that have an EEPROM and
324 their "CONFIG MODE" jumper set to "EEPROM SETTING". The other values can
325 be chosen freely from the options enumerated above.
327 If dma2 is specified and different from dma1, the card will operate in
328 full-duplex mode. When dma1=3, only dma2=0 is valid and the only way to
329 enable capture since only channels 0 and 1 are available for capture.
331 Generic settings are "port=0x220 wss_port=0x530 irq=10 dma1=1 dma2=0
332 mpu_port=0x330 mpu_irq=9 fm_port=0x388".
334 Whatever IRQ and DMA channels you pick, be sure to reserve them for
335 legacy ISA in your BIOS.
340 Module for Aztech Sound Galaxy soundcards based on the Aztech AZT2316
343 port - port # for BASE (0x220,0x240,0x260,0x280)
344 wss_port - port # for WSS (0x530,0x604,0xe80,0xf40)
345 irq - IRQ # for WSS (7,9,10,11)
346 dma1 - DMA # for WSS playback (0,1,3)
347 dma2 - DMA # for WSS capture (0,1), -1 = disabled (default)
348 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x330), -1 = disabled (default)
349 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10), -1 = disabled (default)
350 fm_port - port # for OPL3 (0x388), -1 = disabled (default)
352 This module supports multiple cards. It does not support autoprobe: port,
353 wss_port, irq and dma1 have to be specified. The other values are
356 "port" needs to match the BASE ADDRESS jumper on the card (0x220 or 0x240)
357 or the value stored in the card's EEPROM for cards that have an EEPROM and
358 their "CONFIG MODE" jumper set to "EEPROM SETTING". The other values can
359 be chosen freely from the options enumerated above.
361 If dma2 is specified and different from dma1, the card will operate in
362 full-duplex mode. When dma1=3, only dma2=0 is valid and the only way to
363 enable capture since only channels 0 and 1 are available for capture.
365 Generic settings are "port=0x220 wss_port=0x530 irq=10 dma1=1 dma2=0
366 mpu_port=0x330 mpu_irq=9 fm_port=0x388".
368 Whatever IRQ and DMA channels you pick, be sure to reserve them for
369 legacy ISA in your BIOS.
374 Module for Audiowerk2 sound card
376 This module supports multiple cards.
381 Module for sound cards based on Aztech System AZT2320 ISA chip (PnP only).
383 This module supports multiple cards, PnP and autoprobe.
385 The power-management is supported.
390 Module for sound cards based on Aztech AZF3328 PCI chip.
392 joystick - Enable joystick (default off)
394 This module supports multiple cards.
399 Module for video cards based on Bt87x chips.
401 digital_rate - Override the default digital rate (Hz)
402 load_all - Load the driver even if the card model isn't known
404 This module supports multiple cards.
406 Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
412 Module for Creative Audigy LS and SB Live 24bit
414 This module supports multiple cards.
420 Module for sound cards based on C-Media CMI8330 ISA chips.
422 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
424 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
426 wssport - port # for CMI8330 chip (WSS)
427 wssirq - IRQ # for CMI8330 chip (WSS)
428 wssdma - first DMA # for CMI8330 chip (WSS)
429 sbport - port # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
430 sbirq - IRQ # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
431 sbdma8 - 8bit DMA # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
432 sbdma16 - 16bit DMA # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
433 fmport - (optional) OPL3 I/O port
434 mpuport - (optional) MPU401 I/O port
435 mpuirq - (optional) MPU401 irq #
437 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
439 The power-management is supported.
444 Module for C-Media CMI8338/8738/8768/8770 PCI sound cards.
446 mpu_port - port address of MIDI interface (8338 only):
447 0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330 = legacy port,
448 0 = disable (default)
449 fm_port - port address of OPL-3 FM synthesizer (8x38 only):
451 1 = integrated PCI port (default on 8738),
453 soft_ac3 - Software-conversion of raw SPDIF packets (model 033 only)
455 joystick_port - Joystick port address (0 = disable, 1 = auto-detect)
457 This module supports autoprobe and multiple cards.
459 The power-management is supported.
464 Module for sound cards based on CS4231 ISA chips.
466 port - port # for CS4231 chip
467 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (optional), -1 = disable
468 irq - IRQ # for CS4231 chip
469 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART
470 dma1 - first DMA # for CS4231 chip
471 dma2 - second DMA # for CS4231 chip
473 This module supports multiple cards. This module does not support autoprobe
474 thus main port must be specified!!! Other ports are optional.
476 The power-management is supported.
481 Module for sound cards based on CS4232/CS4232A,
482 CS4235/CS4236/CS4236B/CS4237B/
483 CS4238B/CS4239 ISA chips.
485 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
487 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
489 port - port # for CS4236 chip (PnP setup - 0x534)
490 cport - control port # for CS4236 chip (PnP setup - 0x120,0x210,0xf00)
491 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (PnP setup - 0x300), -1 = disable
492 fm_port - FM port # for CS4236 chip (PnP setup - 0x388), -1 = disable
493 irq - IRQ # for CS4236 chip (5,7,9,11,12,15)
494 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (9,11,12,15)
495 dma1 - first DMA # for CS4236 chip (0,1,3)
496 dma2 - second DMA # for CS4236 chip (0,1,3), -1 = disable
498 This module supports multiple cards. This module does not support autoprobe
499 (if ISA PnP is not used) thus main port and control port must be
500 specified!!! Other ports are optional.
502 The power-management is supported.
504 This module is aliased as snd-cs4232 since it provides the old
505 snd-cs4232 functionality, too.
510 Module for Cirrus Logic CS4281 soundchip.
512 dual_codec - Secondary codec ID (0 = disable, default)
514 This module supports multiple cards.
516 The power-management is supported.
521 Module for PCI sound cards based on CS4610/CS4612/CS4614/CS4615/CS4622/
522 CS4624/CS4630/CS4280 PCI chips.
524 external_amp - Force to enable external amplifier.
525 thinkpad - Force to enable Thinkpad's CLKRUN control.
526 mmap_valid - Support OSS mmap mode (default = 0).
528 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
529 Usually external amp and CLKRUN controls are detected automatically
530 from PCI sub vendor/device ids. If they don't work, give the options
533 The power-management is supported.
538 Module for Cyrix/NatSemi Geode 5530 chip.
540 Module snd-cs5535audio
541 ----------------------
543 Module for multifunction CS5535 companion PCI device
545 The power-management is supported.
550 Module for Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi boards (20k1 / 20k2 chips)
551 * Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Titanium Fatal1ty Champion Series
552 * Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Titanium Fatal1ty Professional Series
553 * Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Titanium Professional Audio
554 * Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Titanium
555 * Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Elite Pro
556 * Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Platinum
557 * Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Fatal1ty
558 * Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi XtremeGamer
559 * Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi XtremeMusic
561 reference_rate - reference sample rate, 44100 or 48000 (default)
562 multiple - multiple to ref. sample rate, 1 or 2 (default)
563 subsystem - override the PCI SSID for probing; the value
564 consists of SSVID << 16 | SSDID. The default is
565 zero, which means no override.
567 This module supports multiple cards.
572 Module for Echoaudio Darla20
574 This module supports multiple cards.
575 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
580 Module for Echoaudio Darla24
582 This module supports multiple cards.
583 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
588 Module for Diamond Technologies DT-019X / Avance Logic ALS-007 (PnP
591 This module supports multiple cards. This module is enabled only with
594 The power-management is supported.
599 Module for the dummy sound card. This "card" doesn't do any output
600 or input, but you may use this module for any application which
601 requires a sound card (like RealPlayer).
603 pcm_devs - Number of PCM devices assigned to each card
604 (default = 1, up to 4)
605 pcm_substreams - Number of PCM substreams assigned to each PCM
606 (default = 8, up to 128)
607 hrtimer - Use hrtimer (=1, default) or system timer (=0)
608 fake_buffer - Fake buffer allocations (default = 1)
610 When multiple PCM devices are created, snd-dummy gives different
611 behavior to each PCM device:
612 0 = interleaved with mmap support
613 1 = non-interleaved with mmap support
614 2 = interleaved without mmap
615 3 = non-interleaved without mmap
617 As default, snd-dummy drivers doesn't allocate the real buffers
618 but either ignores read/write or mmap a single dummy page to all
619 buffer pages, in order to save the resouces. If your apps need
620 the read/ written buffer data to be consistent, pass fake_buffer=0
623 The power-management is supported.
628 Module for Echoaudio 3G cards (Gina3G/Layla3G)
630 This module supports multiple cards.
631 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
636 Module for EMU10K1/EMU10k2 based PCI sound cards.
637 * Sound Blaster Live!
638 * Sound Blaster PCI 512
639 * Emu APS (partially supported)
640 * Sound Blaster Audigy
642 extin - bitmap of available external inputs for FX8010 (see bellow)
643 extout - bitmap of available external outputs for FX8010 (see bellow)
644 seq_ports - allocated sequencer ports (4 by default)
645 max_synth_voices - limit of voices used for wavetable (64 by default)
646 max_buffer_size - specifies the maximum size of wavetable/pcm buffers
647 given in MB unit. Default value is 128.
648 enable_ir - enable IR
650 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
652 Input & Output configurations [extin/extout]
653 * Creative Card wo/Digital out [0x0003/0x1f03]
654 * Creative Card w/Digital out [0x0003/0x1f0f]
655 * Creative Card w/Digital CD in [0x000f/0x1f0f]
656 * Creative Card wo/Digital out + LiveDrive [0x3fc3/0x1fc3]
657 * Creative Card w/Digital out + LiveDrive [0x3fc3/0x1fcf]
658 * Creative Card w/Digital CD in + LiveDrive [0x3fcf/0x1fcf]
659 * Creative Card wo/Digital out + Digital I/O 2 [0x0fc3/0x1f0f]
660 * Creative Card w/Digital out + Digital I/O 2 [0x0fc3/0x1f0f]
661 * Creative Card w/Digital CD in + Digital I/O 2 [0x0fcf/0x1f0f]
662 * Creative Card 5.1/w Digital out + LiveDrive [0x3fc3/0x1fff]
663 * Creative Card 5.1 (c) 2003 [0x3fc3/0x7cff]
664 * Creative Card all ins and outs [0x3fff/0x7fff]
666 The power-management is supported.
671 Module for Creative Emu10k1X (SB Live Dell OEM version)
673 This module supports multiple cards.
678 Module for Ensoniq AudioPCI ES1370 PCI sound cards.
679 * SoundBlaster PCI 64
680 * SoundBlaster PCI 128
682 joystick - Enable joystick (default off)
684 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
686 The power-management is supported.
691 Module for Ensoniq AudioPCI ES1371 PCI sound cards.
692 * SoundBlaster PCI 64
693 * SoundBlaster PCI 128
694 * SoundBlaster Vibra PCI
696 joystick_port - port # for joystick (0x200,0x208,0x210,0x218),
697 0 = disable (default), 1 = auto-detect
699 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
701 The power-management is supported.
706 Module for ESS AudioDrive ES-1688 and ES-688 sound cards.
708 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
709 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 port (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330), -1 = disable (default)
710 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 port (5,7,9,10)
711 fm_port - port # for OPL3 (option; share the same port as default)
713 with isapnp=0, the following additional options are available:
714 port - port # for ES-1688 chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
715 irq - IRQ # for ES-1688 chip (5,7,9,10)
716 dma8 - DMA # for ES-1688 chip (0,1,3)
718 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe (without MPU-401 port)
719 and PnP with the ES968 chip.
724 Module for ESS AudioDrive ES-18xx sound cards.
726 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
728 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
730 port - port # for ES-18xx chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
731 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 port (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330), -1 = disable (default)
732 fm_port - port # for FM (optional, not used)
733 irq - IRQ # for ES-18xx chip (5,7,9,10)
734 dma1 - first DMA # for ES-18xx chip (0,1,3)
735 dma2 - first DMA # for ES-18xx chip (0,1,3)
737 This module supports multiple cards, ISA PnP and autoprobe (without MPU-401
738 port if native ISA PnP routines are not used).
739 When dma2 is equal with dma1, the driver works as half-duplex.
741 The power-management is supported.
746 Module for sound cards based on ESS Solo-1 (ES1938,ES1946) chips.
748 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
750 The power-management is supported.
755 Module for sound cards based on ESS Maestro-1/2/2E (ES1968/ES1978) chips.
757 total_bufsize - total buffer size in kB (1-4096kB)
758 pcm_substreams_p - playback channels (1-8, default=2)
759 pcm_substreams_c - capture channels (1-8, default=0)
760 clock - clock (0 = auto-detection)
761 use_pm - support the power-management (0 = off, 1 = on,
763 enable_mpu - enable MPU401 (0 = off, 1 = on, 2 = auto (default))
764 joystick - enable joystick (default off)
766 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
768 The power-management is supported.
773 Module for ForteMedia FM801 based PCI sound cards.
775 tea575x_tuner - Enable TEA575x tuner
776 - 1 = MediaForte 256-PCS
777 - 2 = MediaForte 256-PCPR
778 - 3 = MediaForte 64-PCR
779 - High 16-bits are video (radio) device number + 1
780 - example: 0x10002 (MediaForte 256-PCPR, device 1)
782 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
784 The power-management is supported.
789 Module for Echoaudio Gina20
791 This module supports multiple cards.
792 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
797 Module for Echoaudio Gina24
799 This module supports multiple cards.
800 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
802 Module snd-gusclassic
803 ---------------------
805 Module for Gravis UltraSound Classic sound card.
807 port - port # for GF1 chip (0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
808 irq - IRQ # for GF1 chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
809 dma1 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7)
810 dma2 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
811 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
812 voices - GF1 voices limit (14-32)
813 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices
815 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
817 Module snd-gusextreme
818 ---------------------
820 Module for Gravis UltraSound Extreme (Synergy ViperMax) sound card.
822 port - port # for ES-1688 chip (0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
823 gf1_port - port # for GF1 chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260,0x270)
824 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 port (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330), -1 = disable
825 irq - IRQ # for ES-1688 chip (5,7,9,10)
826 gf1_irq - IRQ # for GF1 chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
827 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 port (5,7,9,10)
828 dma8 - DMA # for ES-1688 chip (0,1,3)
829 dma1 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7)
830 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
831 voices - GF1 voices limit (14-32)
832 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices
834 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe (without MPU-401 port).
839 Module for Gravis UltraSound MAX sound card.
841 port - port # for GF1 chip (0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
842 irq - IRQ # for GF1 chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
843 dma1 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7)
844 dma2 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
845 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
846 voices - GF1 voices limit (14-32)
847 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices
849 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
854 Module for Intel HD Audio (ICH6, ICH6M, ESB2, ICH7, ICH8, ICH9, ICH10,
856 ATI SB450, SB600, R600, RS600, RS690, RS780, RV610, RV620,
857 RV630, RV635, RV670, RV770,
861 [Multiple options for each card instance]
862 model - force the model name
863 position_fix - Fix DMA pointer (0 = auto, 1 = use LPIB, 2 = POSBUF,
864 3 = VIACOMBO, 4 = COMBO)
865 probe_mask - Bitmask to probe codecs (default = -1, meaning all slots)
866 When the bit 8 (0x100) is set, the lower 8 bits are used
867 as the "fixed" codec slots; i.e. the driver probes the
868 slots regardless what hardware reports back
869 probe_only - Only probing and no codec initialization (default=off);
870 Useful to check the initial codec status for debugging
871 bdl_pos_adj - Specifies the DMA IRQ timing delay in samples.
872 Passing -1 will make the driver to choose the appropriate
873 value based on the controller chip.
874 patch - Specifies the early "patch" files to modify the HD-audio
875 setup before initializing the codecs. This option is
876 available only when CONFIG_SND_HDA_PATCH_LOADER=y is set.
877 See HD-Audio.txt for details.
878 beep_mode - Selects the beep registration mode (0=off, 1=on, 2=
879 dynamic registration via mute switch on/off); the default
880 value is set via CONFIG_SND_HDA_INPUT_BEEP_MODE kconfig.
882 [Single (global) options]
883 single_cmd - Use single immediate commands to communicate with
884 codecs (for debugging only)
885 enable_msi - Enable Message Signaled Interrupt (MSI) (default = off)
886 power_save - Automatic power-saving timeout (in second, 0 =
888 power_save_controller - Reset HD-audio controller in power-saving mode
890 align_buffer_size - Force rounding of buffer/period sizes to multiples
891 of 128 bytes. This is more efficient in terms of memory
892 access but isn't required by the HDA spec and prevents
893 users from specifying exact period/buffer sizes.
895 snoop - Enable/disable snooping (default = on)
897 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
899 See Documentation/sound/alsa/HD-Audio.txt for more details about
902 Each codec may have a model table for different configurations.
903 If your machine isn't listed there, the default (usually minimal)
904 configuration is set up. You can pass "model=<name>" option to
905 specify a certain model in such a case. There are different
906 models depending on the codec chip. The list of available models
907 is found in HD-Audio-Models.txt
909 The model name "genric" is treated as a special case. When this
910 model is given, the driver uses the generic codec parser without
911 "codec-patch". It's sometimes good for testing and debugging.
913 If the default configuration doesn't work and one of the above
914 matches with your device, report it together with alsa-info.sh
915 output (with --no-upload option) to kernel bugzilla or alsa-devel
916 ML (see the section "Links and Addresses").
918 power_save and power_save_controller options are for power-saving
919 mode. See powersave.txt for details.
921 Note 2: If you get click noises on output, try the module option
922 position_fix=1 or 2. position_fix=1 will use the SD_LPIB
923 register value without FIFO size correction as the current
924 DMA pointer. position_fix=2 will make the driver to use
925 the position buffer instead of reading SD_LPIB register.
926 (Usually SD_LPIB register is more accurate than the
929 position_fix=3 is specific to VIA devices. The position
930 of the capture stream is checked from both LPIB and POSBUF
931 values. position_fix=4 is a combination mode, using LPIB
932 for playback and POSBUF for capture.
934 NB: If you get many "azx_get_response timeout" messages at
935 loading, it's likely a problem of interrupts (e.g. ACPI irq
936 routing). Try to boot with options like "pci=noacpi". Also, you
937 can try "single_cmd=1" module option. This will switch the
938 communication method between HDA controller and codecs to the
939 single immediate commands instead of CORB/RIRB. Basically, the
940 single command mode is provided only for BIOS, and you won't get
941 unsolicited events, too. But, at least, this works independently
942 from the irq. Remember this is a last resort, and should be
943 avoided as much as possible...
945 MORE NOTES ON "azx_get_response timeout" PROBLEMS:
946 On some hardwares, you may need to add a proper probe_mask option
947 to avoid the "azx_get_response timeout" problem above, instead.
948 This occurs when the access to non-existing or non-working codec slot
949 (likely a modem one) causes a stall of the communication via HD-audio
950 bus. You can see which codec slots are probed by enabling
951 CONFIG_SND_DEBUG_VERBOSE, or simply from the file name of the codec
952 proc files. Then limit the slots to probe by probe_mask option.
953 For example, probe_mask=1 means to probe only the first slot, and
954 probe_mask=4 means only the third slot.
956 The power-management is supported.
961 Module for RME Hammerfall DSP audio interface(s)
963 This module supports multiple cards.
965 Note: The firmware data can be automatically loaded via hotplug
966 when CONFIG_FW_LOADER is set. Otherwise, you need to load
967 the firmware via hdsploader utility included in alsa-tools
969 The firmware data is found in alsa-firmware package.
971 Note: snd-page-alloc module does the job which snd-hammerfall-mem
972 module did formerly. It will allocate the buffers in advance
973 when any HDSP cards are found. To make the buffer
974 allocation sure, load snd-page-alloc module in the early
975 stage of boot sequence. See "Early Buffer Allocation"
981 Module for RME HDSP MADI board.
983 precise_ptr - Enable precise pointer, or disable.
984 line_outs_monitor - Send playback streams to analog outs by default.
985 enable_monitor - Enable Analog Out on Channel 63/64 by default.
987 See hdspm.txt for details.
992 Module for Envy24 (ICE1712) based PCI sound cards.
993 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 1010
994 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 1010LT
995 * MidiMan M Audio Delta DiO 2496
996 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 66
997 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 44
998 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 410
999 * MidiMan M Audio Audiophile 2496
1002 * TerraTec EWX 24/96
1003 * TerraTec DMX 6Fire
1005 * Hoontech SoundTrack DSP 24
1006 * Hoontech SoundTrack DSP 24 Value
1007 * Hoontech SoundTrack DSP 24 Media 7.1
1008 * Event Electronics, EZ8
1010 * Lionstracs, Mediastaton
1013 model - Use the given board model, one of the following:
1014 delta1010, dio2496, delta66, delta44, audiophile, delta410,
1015 delta1010lt, vx442, ewx2496, ews88mt, ews88mt_new, ews88d,
1016 dmx6fire, dsp24, dsp24_value, dsp24_71, ez8,
1017 phase88, mediastation
1018 omni - Omni I/O support for MidiMan M-Audio Delta44/66
1019 cs8427_timeout - reset timeout for the CS8427 chip (S/PDIF transceiver)
1020 in msec resolution, default value is 500 (0.5 sec)
1022 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe. Note: The consumer part
1023 is not used with all Envy24 based cards (for example in the MidiMan Delta
1026 Note: The supported board is detected by reading EEPROM or PCI
1027 SSID (if EEPROM isn't available). You can override the
1028 model by passing "model" module option in case that the
1029 driver isn't configured properly or you want to try another
1035 Module for Envy24HT (VT/ICE1724), Envy24PT (VT1720) based PCI sound cards.
1036 * MidiMan M Audio Revolution 5.1
1037 * MidiMan M Audio Revolution 7.1
1038 * MidiMan M Audio Audiophile 192
1040 * TerraTec Aureon 5.1 Sky
1041 * TerraTec Aureon 7.1 Space
1042 * TerraTec Aureon 7.1 Universe
1045 * AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1
1046 * AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1 LT
1047 * AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1 XT
1048 * AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1 HIFI
1049 * AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1 HD2
1050 * AudioTrak Prodigy 192
1052 * Albatron K8X800 Pro II
1053 * Chaintech ZNF3-150
1054 * Chaintech ZNF3-250
1062 * Hercules Fortissimo IV
1063 * EGO-SYS WaveTerminal 192M
1065 model - Use the given board model, one of the following:
1066 revo51, revo71, amp2000, prodigy71, prodigy71lt,
1067 prodigy71xt, prodigy71hifi, prodigyhd2, prodigy192,
1068 juli, aureon51, aureon71, universe, ap192, k8x800,
1069 phase22, phase28, ms300, av710, se200pci, se90pci,
1070 fortissimo4, sn25p, WT192M, maya44
1072 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
1074 Note: The supported board is detected by reading EEPROM or PCI
1075 SSID (if EEPROM isn't available). You can override the
1076 model by passing "model" module option in case that the
1077 driver isn't configured properly or you want to try another
1083 Module for Echoaudio Indigo
1085 This module supports multiple cards.
1086 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1091 Module for Echoaudio Indigo DJ
1093 This module supports multiple cards.
1094 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1099 Module for Echoaudio Indigo IO
1101 This module supports multiple cards.
1102 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1107 Module for AC'97 motherboards from Intel and compatibles.
1108 * Intel i810/810E, i815, i820, i830, i84x, MX440
1109 ICH5, ICH6, ICH7, 6300ESB, ESB2
1110 * SiS 7012 (SiS 735)
1111 * NVidia NForce, NForce2, NForce3, MCP04, CK804
1113 * AMD AMD768, AMD8111
1116 ac97_clock - AC'97 codec clock base (0 = auto-detect)
1117 ac97_quirk - AC'97 workaround for strange hardware
1118 See "AC97 Quirk Option" section below.
1119 buggy_irq - Enable workaround for buggy interrupts on some
1120 motherboards (default yes on nForce chips,
1122 buggy_semaphore - Enable workaround for hardwares with buggy
1123 semaphores (e.g. on some ASUS laptops)
1125 spdif_aclink - Use S/PDIF over AC-link instead of direct connection
1126 from the controller chip
1127 (0 = off, 1 = on, -1 = default)
1129 This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
1131 Note: the latest driver supports auto-detection of chip clock.
1132 if you still encounter too fast playback, specify the clock
1133 explicitly via the module option "ac97_clock=41194".
1135 Joystick/MIDI ports are not supported by this driver. If your
1136 motherboard has these devices, use the ns558 or snd-mpu401
1137 modules, respectively.
1139 The power-management is supported.
1141 Module snd-intel8x0m
1142 --------------------
1144 Module for Intel ICH (i8x0) chipset MC97 modems.
1145 * Intel i810/810E, i815, i820, i830, i84x, MX440
1147 * SiS 7013 (SiS 735)
1148 * NVidia NForce, NForce2, NForce2s, NForce3
1152 ac97_clock - AC'97 codec clock base (0 = auto-detect)
1154 This module supports one card and autoprobe.
1156 Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
1159 The power-management is supported.
1161 Module snd-interwave
1162 --------------------
1164 Module for Gravis UltraSound PnP, Dynasonic 3-D/Pro, STB Sound Rage 32
1165 and other sound cards based on AMD InterWave (tm) chip.
1167 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
1168 midi - 1 = MIDI UART enable, 0 = MIDI UART disable (default)
1169 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices for the synthesizer (default 2)
1170 effect - 1 = InterWave effects enable (default 0);
1172 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1174 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1176 port - port # for InterWave chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
1177 irq - IRQ # for InterWave chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
1178 dma1 - DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7)
1179 dma2 - DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
1181 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and ISA PnP.
1183 Module snd-interwave-stb
1184 ------------------------
1186 Module for UltraSound 32-Pro (sound card from STB used by Compaq)
1187 and other sound cards based on AMD InterWave (tm) chip with TEA6330T
1188 circuit for extended control of bass, treble and master volume.
1190 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
1191 midi - 1 = MIDI UART enable, 0 = MIDI UART disable (default)
1192 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices for the synthesizer (default 2)
1193 effect - 1 = InterWave effects enable (default 0);
1195 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1197 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1199 port - port # for InterWave chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
1200 port_tc - tone control (i2c bus) port # for TEA6330T chip (0x350,0x360,0x370,0x380)
1201 irq - IRQ # for InterWave chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
1202 dma1 - DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7)
1203 dma2 - DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
1205 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and ISA PnP.
1210 Module for Media Vision Jazz16 chipset. The chipset consists of 3 chips:
1211 MVD1216 + MVA416 + MVA514.
1213 port - port # for SB DSP chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
1214 irq - IRQ # for SB DSP chip (3,5,7,9,10,15)
1215 dma8 - DMA # for SB DSP chip (1,3)
1216 dma16 - DMA # for SB DSP chip (5,7)
1217 mpu_port - MPU-401 port # (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
1218 mpu_irq - MPU-401 irq # (2,3,5,7)
1220 This module supports multiple cards.
1225 Module for Korg 1212 IO PCI card
1227 This module supports multiple cards.
1232 Module for Echoaudio Layla20
1234 This module supports multiple cards.
1235 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1240 Module for Echoaudio Layla24
1242 This module supports multiple cards.
1243 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1248 Module for Digigram Lola PCI-e boards
1250 This module supports multiple cards.
1255 Module for Digigram LX6464ES boards
1257 This module supports multiple cards.
1262 Module for Allegro/Maestro3 chips
1264 external_amp - enable external amp (enabled by default)
1265 amp_gpio - GPIO pin number for external amp (0-15) or
1266 -1 for default pin (8 for allegro, 1 for
1269 This module supports autoprobe and multiple chips.
1271 Note: the binding of amplifier is dependent on hardware.
1272 If there is no sound even though all channels are unmuted, try to
1273 specify other gpio connection via amp_gpio option.
1274 For example, a Panasonic notebook might need "amp_gpio=0x0d"
1277 The power-management is supported.
1282 Module for Echoaudio Mia
1284 This module supports multiple cards.
1285 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1290 Module for Miro soundcards: miroSOUND PCM 1 pro,
1292 miroSOUND PCM 20 Radio.
1294 port - Port # (0x530,0x604,0xe80,0xf40)
1295 irq - IRQ # (5,7,9,10,11)
1296 dma1 - 1st dma # (0,1,3)
1297 dma2 - 2nd dma # (0,1)
1298 mpu_port - MPU-401 port # (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
1299 mpu_irq - MPU-401 irq # (5,7,9,10)
1300 fm_port - FM Port # (0x388)
1301 wss - enable WSS mode
1302 ide - enable onboard ide support
1307 Module for Digigram miXart8 sound cards.
1309 This module supports multiple cards.
1310 Note: One miXart8 board will be represented as 4 alsa cards.
1311 See MIXART.txt for details.
1313 When the driver is compiled as a module and the hotplug firmware
1314 is supported, the firmware data is loaded via hotplug automatically.
1315 Install the necessary firmware files in alsa-firmware package.
1316 When no hotplug fw loader is available, you need to load the
1317 firmware via mixartloader utility in alsa-tools package.
1322 Module for Echoaudio Mona
1324 This module supports multiple cards.
1325 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1330 Module for MPU-401 UART devices.
1332 port - port number or -1 (disable)
1333 irq - IRQ number or -1 (disable)
1334 pnp - PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1336 This module supports multiple devices and PnP.
1338 Module snd-msnd-classic
1339 -----------------------
1341 Module for Turtle Beach MultiSound Classic, Tahiti or Monterey
1344 io - Port # for msnd-classic card
1345 irq - IRQ # for msnd-classic card
1346 mem - Memory address (0xb0000, 0xc8000, 0xd0000, 0xd8000,
1348 write_ndelay - enable write ndelay (default = 1)
1349 calibrate_signal - calibrate signal (default = 0)
1350 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1351 digital - Digital daughterboard present (default = 0)
1352 cfg - Config port (0x250, 0x260 or 0x270) default = PnP
1353 reset - Reset all devices
1354 mpu_io - MPU401 I/O port
1355 mpu_irq - MPU401 irq#
1356 ide_io0 - IDE port #0
1357 ide_io1 - IDE port #1
1359 joystick_io - Joystick I/O port
1361 The driver requires firmware files "turtlebeach/msndinit.bin" and
1362 "turtlebeach/msndperm.bin" in the proper firmware directory.
1364 See Documentation/sound/oss/MultiSound for important information
1365 about this driver. Note that it has been discontinued, but the
1366 Voyetra Turtle Beach knowledge base entry for it is still available
1368 http://www.turtlebeach.com
1370 Module snd-msnd-pinnacle
1371 ------------------------
1373 Module for Turtle Beach MultiSound Pinnacle/Fiji soundcards.
1375 io - Port # for pinnacle/fiji card
1376 irq - IRQ # for pinnalce/fiji card
1377 mem - Memory address (0xb0000, 0xc8000, 0xd0000, 0xd8000,
1379 write_ndelay - enable write ndelay (default = 1)
1380 calibrate_signal - calibrate signal (default = 0)
1381 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1383 The driver requires firmware files "turtlebeach/pndspini.bin" and
1384 "turtlebeach/pndsperm.bin" in the proper firmware directory.
1389 Module for MOTU MidiTimePiece AV multiport MIDI (on the parallel
1392 port - I/O port # for MTPAV (0x378,0x278, default=0x378)
1393 irq - IRQ # for MTPAV (7,5, default=7)
1394 hwports - number of supported hardware ports, default=8.
1396 Module supports only 1 card. This module has no enable option.
1401 Module for Ego Systems (ESI) Miditerminal 4140
1403 This module supports multiple devices.
1404 Requires parport (CONFIG_PARPORT).
1409 Module for NeoMagic NM256AV/ZX chips
1411 playback_bufsize - max playback frame size in kB (4-128kB)
1412 capture_bufsize - max capture frame size in kB (4-128kB)
1413 force_ac97 - 0 or 1 (disabled by default)
1414 buffer_top - specify buffer top address
1415 use_cache - 0 or 1 (disabled by default)
1416 vaio_hack - alias buffer_top=0x25a800
1417 reset_workaround - enable AC97 RESET workaround for some laptops
1418 reset_workaround2 - enable extended AC97 RESET workaround for some
1421 This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
1423 The power-management is supported.
1425 Note: on some notebooks the buffer address cannot be detected
1426 automatically, or causes hang-up during initialization.
1427 In such a case, specify the buffer top address explicitly via
1428 the buffer_top option.
1430 Sony F250: buffer_top=0x25a800
1431 Sony F270: buffer_top=0x272800
1432 The driver supports only ac97 codec. It's possible to force
1433 to initialize/use ac97 although it's not detected. In such a
1434 case, use force_ac97=1 option - but *NO* guarantee whether it
1437 Note: The NM256 chip can be linked internally with non-AC97
1438 codecs. This driver supports only the AC97 codec, and won't work
1439 with machines with other (most likely CS423x or OPL3SAx) chips,
1440 even though the device is detected in lspci. In such a case, try
1441 other drivers, e.g. snd-cs4232 or snd-opl3sa2. Some has ISA-PnP
1442 but some doesn't have ISA PnP. You'll need to specify isapnp=0
1443 and proper hardware parameters in the case without ISA PnP.
1445 Note: some laptops need a workaround for AC97 RESET. For the
1446 known hardware like Dell Latitude LS and Sony PCG-F305, this
1447 workaround is enabled automatically. For other laptops with a
1448 hard freeze, you can try reset_workaround=1 option.
1450 Note: Dell Latitude CSx laptops have another problem regarding
1451 AC97 RESET. On these laptops, reset_workaround2 option is
1452 turned on as default. This option is worth to try if the
1453 previous reset_workaround option doesn't help.
1455 Note: This driver is really crappy. It's a porting from the
1456 OSS driver, which is a result of black-magic reverse engineering.
1457 The detection of codec will fail if the driver is loaded *after*
1458 X-server as described above. You might be able to force to load
1459 the module, but it may result in hang-up. Hence, make sure that
1460 you load this module *before* X if you encounter this kind of
1466 Module for Yamaha OPL3-SA2/SA3 sound cards.
1468 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1470 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1472 port - control port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x370)
1473 sb_port - SB port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x220,0x240)
1474 wss_port - WSS port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
1475 midi_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x330), -1 = disable
1476 fm_port - FM port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x388), -1 = disable
1477 irq - IRQ # for OPL3-SA chip (5,7,9,10)
1478 dma1 - first DMA # for Yamaha OPL3-SA chip (0,1,3)
1479 dma2 - second DMA # for Yamaha OPL3-SA chip (0,1,3), -1 = disable
1481 This module supports multiple cards and ISA PnP. It does not support
1482 autoprobe (if ISA PnP is not used) thus all ports must be specified!!!
1484 The power-management is supported.
1486 Module snd-opti92x-ad1848
1487 -------------------------
1489 Module for sound cards based on OPTi 82c92x and Analog Devices AD1848 chips.
1490 Module works with OAK Mozart cards as well.
1492 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1494 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1496 port - port # for WSS chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
1497 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
1498 fm_port - port # for OPL3 device (0x388)
1499 irq - IRQ # for WSS chip (5,7,9,10,11)
1500 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10)
1501 dma1 - first DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1503 This module supports only one card, autoprobe and PnP.
1505 Module snd-opti92x-cs4231
1506 -------------------------
1508 Module for sound cards based on OPTi 82c92x and Crystal CS4231 chips.
1510 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1512 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1514 port - port # for WSS chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
1515 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
1516 fm_port - port # for OPL3 device (0x388)
1517 irq - IRQ # for WSS chip (5,7,9,10,11)
1518 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10)
1519 dma1 - first DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1520 dma2 - second DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1522 This module supports only one card, autoprobe and PnP.
1527 Module for sound cards based on OPTi 82c93x chips.
1529 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1531 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1533 port - port # for WSS chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
1534 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
1535 fm_port - port # for OPL3 device (0x388)
1536 irq - IRQ # for WSS chip (5,7,9,10,11)
1537 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10)
1538 dma1 - first DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1539 dma2 - second DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1541 This module supports only one card, autoprobe and PnP.
1546 Module for sound cards based on the C-Media CMI8786/8787/8788 chip:
1549 * AuzenTech X-Meridian
1550 * AuzenTech X-Meridian 2G
1552 * Club3D Theatron DTS
1553 * HT-Omega Claro (plus)
1554 * HT-Omega Claro halo (XT)
1555 * Kuroutoshikou CMI8787-HG2PCI
1556 * Razer Barracuda AC-1
1558 * TempoTec HiFier Fantasia
1559 * TempoTec HiFier Serenade
1561 This module supports autoprobe and multiple cards.
1566 Module for internal PC-Speaker.
1568 nopcm - Disable PC-Speaker PCM sound. Only beeps remain.
1569 nforce_wa - enable NForce chipset workaround. Expect bad sound.
1571 This module supports system beeps, some kind of PCM playback and
1572 even a few mixer controls.
1577 Module for Digigram PCXHR boards
1579 This module supports multiple cards.
1581 Module snd-portman2x4
1582 ---------------------
1584 Module for Midiman Portman 2x4 parallel port MIDI interface
1586 This module supports multiple cards.
1588 Module snd-powermac (on ppc only)
1589 ---------------------------------
1591 Module for PowerMac, iMac and iBook on-board soundchips
1593 enable_beep - enable beep using PCM (enabled as default)
1595 Module supports autoprobe a chip.
1597 Note: the driver may have problems regarding endianness.
1599 The power-management is supported.
1601 Module snd-pxa2xx-ac97 (on arm only)
1602 ------------------------------------
1604 Module for AC97 driver for the Intel PXA2xx chip
1606 For ARM architecture only.
1608 The power-management is supported.
1613 Module for Conexant Riptide chip
1615 joystick_port - Joystick port # (default: 0x200)
1616 mpu_port - MPU401 port # (default: 0x330)
1617 opl3_port - OPL3 port # (default: 0x388)
1619 This module supports multiple cards.
1620 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1621 You need to install the firmware file "riptide.hex" to the standard
1622 firmware path (e.g. /lib/firmware).
1627 Module for RME Digi32, Digi32 Pro and Digi32/8 (Sek'd Prodif32,
1628 Prodif96 and Prodif Gold) sound cards.
1630 This module supports multiple cards.
1635 Module for RME Digi96, Digi96/8 and Digi96/8 PRO/PAD/PST sound cards.
1637 This module supports multiple cards.
1642 Module for RME Digi9652 (Hammerfall, Hammerfall-Light) sound cards.
1644 precise_ptr - Enable precise pointer (doesn't work reliably).
1647 This module supports multiple cards.
1649 Note: snd-page-alloc module does the job which snd-hammerfall-mem
1650 module did formerly. It will allocate the buffers in advance
1651 when any RME9652 cards are found. To make the buffer
1652 allocation sure, load snd-page-alloc module in the early
1653 stage of boot sequence. See "Early Buffer Allocation"
1656 Module snd-sa11xx-uda1341 (on arm only)
1657 ---------------------------------------
1659 Module for Philips UDA1341TS on Compaq iPAQ H3600 sound card.
1661 Module supports only one card.
1662 Module has no enable and index options.
1664 The power-management is supported.
1669 Module for 8-bit SoundBlaster cards: SoundBlaster 1.0,
1673 port - port # for SB DSP chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
1674 irq - IRQ # for SB DSP chip (5,7,9,10)
1675 dma8 - DMA # for SB DSP chip (1,3)
1677 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
1679 The power-management is supported.
1681 Module snd-sb16 and snd-sbawe
1682 -----------------------------
1684 Module for 16-bit SoundBlaster cards: SoundBlaster 16 (PnP),
1685 SoundBlaster AWE 32 (PnP),
1686 SoundBlaster AWE 64 PnP
1688 mic_agc - Mic Auto-Gain-Control - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1689 csp - ASP/CSP chip support - 0 = disable (default), 1 = enable
1690 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1692 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1694 port - port # for SB DSP 4.x chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
1695 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x330), -1 = disable
1696 awe_port - base port # for EMU8000 synthesizer (0x620,0x640,0x660)
1697 (snd-sbawe module only)
1698 irq - IRQ # for SB DSP 4.x chip (5,7,9,10)
1699 dma8 - 8-bit DMA # for SB DSP 4.x chip (0,1,3)
1700 dma16 - 16-bit DMA # for SB DSP 4.x chip (5,6,7)
1702 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and ISA PnP.
1704 Note: To use Vibra16X cards in 16-bit half duplex mode, you must
1705 disable 16bit DMA with dma16 = -1 module parameter.
1706 Also, all Sound Blaster 16 type cards can operate in 16-bit
1707 half duplex mode through 8-bit DMA channel by disabling their
1710 The power-management is supported.
1715 Module for Gallant SC-6000 soundcard and later models: SC-6600
1718 port - Port # (0x220 or 0x240)
1719 mss_port - MSS Port # (0x530 or 0xe80)
1720 irq - IRQ # (5,7,9,10,11)
1721 mpu_irq - MPU-401 IRQ # (5,7,9,10) ,0 - no MPU-401 irq
1723 joystick - Enable gameport - 0 = disable (default), 1 = enable
1725 This module supports multiple cards.
1727 This card is also known as Audio Excel DSP 16 or Zoltrix AV302.
1732 Module for ENSONIQ SoundScape cards.
1734 port - Port # (PnP setup)
1735 wss_port - WSS Port # (PnP setup)
1736 irq - IRQ # (PnP setup)
1737 mpu_irq - MPU-401 IRQ # (PnP setup)
1738 dma - DMA # (PnP setup)
1739 dma2 - 2nd DMA # (PnP setup, -1 to disable)
1740 joystick - Enable gameport - 0 = disable (default), 1 = enable
1742 This module supports multiple cards.
1744 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1746 Module snd-sun-amd7930 (on sparc only)
1747 --------------------------------------
1749 Module for AMD7930 sound chips found on Sparcs.
1751 This module supports multiple cards.
1753 Module snd-sun-cs4231 (on sparc only)
1754 -------------------------------------
1756 Module for CS4231 sound chips found on Sparcs.
1758 This module supports multiple cards.
1760 Module snd-sun-dbri (on sparc only)
1761 -----------------------------------
1763 Module for DBRI sound chips found on Sparcs.
1765 This module supports multiple cards.
1767 Module snd-wavefront
1768 --------------------
1770 Module for Turtle Beach Maui, Tropez and Tropez+ sound cards.
1772 use_cs4232_midi - Use CS4232 MPU-401 interface
1773 (inaccessibly located inside your computer)
1774 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1776 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1778 cs4232_pcm_port - Port # for CS4232 PCM interface.
1779 cs4232_pcm_irq - IRQ # for CS4232 PCM interface (5,7,9,11,12,15).
1780 cs4232_mpu_port - Port # for CS4232 MPU-401 interface.
1781 cs4232_mpu_irq - IRQ # for CS4232 MPU-401 interface (9,11,12,15).
1782 ics2115_port - Port # for ICS2115
1783 ics2115_irq - IRQ # for ICS2115
1784 fm_port - FM OPL-3 Port #
1785 dma1 - DMA1 # for CS4232 PCM interface.
1786 dma2 - DMA2 # for CS4232 PCM interface.
1788 The below are options for wavefront_synth features:
1789 wf_raw - Assume that we need to boot the OS (default:no)
1790 If yes, then during driver loading, the state of the board is
1791 ignored, and we reset the board and load the firmware anyway.
1792 fx_raw - Assume that the FX process needs help (default:yes)
1793 If false, we'll leave the FX processor in whatever state it is
1794 when the driver is loaded. The default is to download the
1795 microprogram and associated coefficients to set it up for
1796 "default" operation, whatever that means.
1797 debug_default - Debug parameters for card initialization
1798 wait_usecs - How long to wait without sleeping, usecs
1800 This magic number seems to give pretty optimal throughput
1801 based on my limited experimentation.
1802 If you want to play around with it and find a better value, be
1803 my guest. Remember, the idea is to get a number that causes us
1804 to just busy wait for as many WaveFront commands as possible,
1805 without coming up with a number so large that we hog the whole
1807 Specifically, with this number, out of about 134,000 status
1808 waits, only about 250 result in a sleep.
1809 sleep_interval - How long to sleep when waiting for reply
1811 sleep_tries - How many times to try sleeping during a wait
1813 ospath - Pathname to processed ICS2115 OS firmware
1814 (default:wavefront.os)
1815 The path name of the ISC2115 OS firmware. In the recent
1816 version, it's handled via firmware loader framework, so it
1817 must be installed in the proper path, typically,
1819 reset_time - How long to wait for a reset to take effect
1821 ramcheck_time - How many seconds to wait for the RAM test
1823 osrun_time - How many seconds to wait for the ICS2115 OS
1826 This module supports multiple cards and ISA PnP.
1828 Note: the firmware file "wavefront.os" was located in the earlier
1829 version in /etc. Now it's loaded via firmware loader, and
1830 must be in the proper firmware path, such as /lib/firmware.
1831 Copy (or symlink) the file appropriately if you get an error
1832 regarding firmware downloading after upgrading the kernel.
1834 Module snd-sonicvibes
1835 ---------------------
1837 Module for S3 SonicVibes PCI sound cards.
1838 * PINE Schubert 32 PCI
1840 reverb - Reverb Enable - 1 = enable, 0 = disable (default)
1841 - SoundCard must have onboard SRAM for this.
1842 mge - Mic Gain Enable - 1 = enable, 0 = disable (default)
1844 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
1846 Module snd-serial-u16550
1847 ------------------------
1849 Module for UART16550A serial MIDI ports.
1851 port - port # for UART16550A chip
1852 irq - IRQ # for UART16550A chip, -1 = poll mode
1853 speed - speed in bauds (9600,19200,38400,57600,115200)
1855 base - base for divisor in bauds (57600,115200,230400,460800)
1857 outs - number of MIDI ports in a serial port (1-4)
1859 adaptor - Type of adaptor.
1860 0 = Soundcanvas, 1 = MS-124T, 2 = MS-124W S/A,
1861 3 = MS-124W M/B, 4 = Generic
1863 This module supports multiple cards. This module does not support autoprobe
1864 thus the main port must be specified!!! Other options are optional.
1869 Module for Trident 4DWave DX/NX sound cards.
1870 * Best Union Miss Melody 4DWave PCI
1872 * Warpspeed ONSpeed 4DWave PCI
1875 * CHIC True Sound 4Dwave
1876 * Shark Predator4D-PCI
1877 * Jaton SonicWave 4D
1878 * SiS SI7018 PCI Audio
1879 * Hoontech SoundTrack Digital 4DWave NX
1881 pcm_channels - max channels (voices) reserved for PCM
1882 wavetable_size - max wavetable size in kB (4-?kb)
1884 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
1886 The power-management is supported.
1891 Module for the Edirol UA-101/UA-1000 audio/MIDI interfaces.
1893 This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging.
1895 Module snd-usb-audio
1896 --------------------
1898 Module for USB audio and USB MIDI devices.
1900 vid - Vendor ID for the device (optional)
1901 pid - Product ID for the device (optional)
1902 nrpacks - Max. number of packets per URB (default: 8)
1903 async_unlink - Use async unlink mode (default: yes)
1904 device_setup - Device specific magic number (optional)
1905 - Influence depends on the device
1907 ignore_ctl_error - Ignore any USB-controller regarding mixer
1908 interface (default: no)
1910 This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging.
1912 NB: nrpacks parameter can be modified dynamically via sysfs.
1913 Don't put the value over 20. Changing via sysfs has no sanity
1915 NB: async_unlink=0 would cause Oops. It remains just for
1916 debugging purpose (if any).
1917 NB: ignore_ctl_error=1 may help when you get an error at accessing
1918 the mixer element such as URB error -22. This happens on some
1919 buggy USB device or the controller.
1921 Module snd-usb-caiaq
1922 --------------------
1924 Module for caiaq UB audio interfaces,
1925 * Native Instruments RigKontrol2
1926 * Native Instruments Kore Controller
1927 * Native Instruments Audio Kontrol 1
1928 * Native Instruments Audio 8 DJ
1930 This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging.
1932 Module snd-usb-usx2y
1933 --------------------
1935 Module for Tascam USB US-122, US-224 and US-428 devices.
1937 This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging.
1939 Note: you need to load the firmware via usx2yloader utility included
1940 in alsa-tools and alsa-firmware packages.
1945 Module for AC'97 motherboards based on VIA 82C686A/686B, 8233,
1946 8233A, 8233C, 8235, 8237 (south) bridge.
1948 mpu_port - 0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330, otherwise obtain BIOS setup
1950 joystick - Enable joystick (default off) [VIA686A/686B only]
1951 ac97_clock - AC'97 codec clock base (default 48000Hz)
1952 dxs_support - support DXS channels,
1953 0 = auto (default), 1 = enable, 2 = disable,
1954 3 = 48k only, 4 = no VRA, 5 = enable any sample
1955 rate and different sample rates on different
1957 [VIA8233/C, 8235, 8237 only]
1958 ac97_quirk - AC'97 workaround for strange hardware
1959 See "AC97 Quirk Option" section below.
1961 This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
1963 Note: on some SMP motherboards like MSI 694D the interrupts might
1964 not be generated properly. In such a case, please try to
1965 set the SMP (or MPS) version on BIOS to 1.1 instead of
1966 default value 1.4. Then the interrupt number will be
1967 assigned under 15. You might also upgrade your BIOS.
1969 Note: VIA8233/5/7 (not VIA8233A) can support DXS (direct sound)
1970 channels as the first PCM. On these channels, up to 4
1971 streams can be played at the same time, and the controller
1972 can perform sample rate conversion with separate rates for
1974 As default (dxs_support = 0), 48k fixed rate is chosen
1975 except for the known devices since the output is often
1976 noisy except for 48k on some mother boards due to the
1978 Please try once dxs_support=5 and if it works on other
1979 sample rates (e.g. 44.1kHz of mp3 playback), please let us
1980 know the PCI subsystem vendor/device id's (output of
1982 If dxs_support=5 does not work, try dxs_support=4; if it
1983 doesn't work too, try dxs_support=1. (dxs_support=1 is
1984 usually for old motherboards. The correct implemented
1985 board should work with 4 or 5.) If it still doesn't
1986 work and the default setting is ok, dxs_support=3 is the
1987 right choice. If the default setting doesn't work at all,
1988 try dxs_support=2 to disable the DXS channels.
1989 In any cases, please let us know the result and the
1990 subsystem vendor/device ids. See "Links and Addresses"
1993 Note: for the MPU401 on VIA823x, use snd-mpu401 driver
1994 additionally. The mpu_port option is for VIA686 chips only.
1996 The power-management is supported.
1998 Module snd-via82xx-modem
1999 ------------------------
2001 Module for VIA82xx AC97 modem
2003 ac97_clock - AC'97 codec clock base (default 48000Hz)
2005 This module supports one card and autoprobe.
2007 Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
2010 The power-management is supported.
2015 Module for virtual rawmidi devices.
2016 This module creates virtual rawmidi devices which communicate
2017 to the corresponding ALSA sequencer ports.
2019 midi_devs - MIDI devices # (1-4, default=4)
2021 This module supports multiple cards.
2026 Module for sound cards based on the Asus AV66/AV100/AV200 chips,
2027 i.e., Xonar D1, DX, D2, D2X, DS, Essence ST (Deluxe), Essence STX,
2028 HDAV1.3 (Deluxe), and HDAV1.3 Slim.
2030 This module supports autoprobe and multiple cards.
2035 Module for Digigram VX-Pocket VX222, V222 v2 and Mic cards.
2037 mic - Enable Microphone on V222 Mic (NYI)
2038 ibl - Capture IBL size. (default = 0, minimum size)
2040 This module supports multiple cards.
2042 When the driver is compiled as a module and the hotplug firmware
2043 is supported, the firmware data is loaded via hotplug automatically.
2044 Install the necessary firmware files in alsa-firmware package.
2045 When no hotplug fw loader is available, you need to load the
2046 firmware via vxloader utility in alsa-tools package. To invoke
2047 vxloader automatically, add the following to /etc/modprobe.d/alsa.conf
2049 install snd-vx222 /sbin/modprobe --first-time -i snd-vx222 && /usr/bin/vxloader
2051 (for 2.2/2.4 kernels, add "post-install /usr/bin/vxloader" to
2052 /etc/modules.conf, instead.)
2053 IBL size defines the interrupts period for PCM. The smaller size
2054 gives smaller latency but leads to more CPU consumption, too.
2055 The size is usually aligned to 126. As default (=0), the smallest
2056 size is chosen. The possible IBL values can be found in
2057 /proc/asound/cardX/vx-status proc file.
2059 The power-management is supported.
2064 Module for Digigram VX-Pocket VX2 and 440 PCMCIA cards.
2066 ibl - Capture IBL size. (default = 0, minimum size)
2068 This module supports multiple cards. The module is compiled only when
2069 PCMCIA is supported on kernel.
2071 With the older 2.6.x kernel, to activate the driver via the card
2072 manager, you'll need to set up /etc/pcmcia/vxpocket.conf. See the
2073 sound/pcmcia/vx/vxpocket.c. 2.6.13 or later kernel requires no
2074 longer require a config file.
2076 When the driver is compiled as a module and the hotplug firmware
2077 is supported, the firmware data is loaded via hotplug automatically.
2078 Install the necessary firmware files in alsa-firmware package.
2079 When no hotplug fw loader is available, you need to load the
2080 firmware via vxloader utility in alsa-tools package.
2082 About capture IBL, see the description of snd-vx222 module.
2084 Note: snd-vxp440 driver is merged to snd-vxpocket driver since
2087 The power-management is supported.
2092 Module for Yamaha PCI chips (YMF72x, YMF74x & YMF75x).
2094 mpu_port - 0x300,0x330,0x332,0x334, 0 (disable) by default,
2095 1 (auto-detect for YMF744/754 only)
2096 fm_port - 0x388,0x398,0x3a0,0x3a8, 0 (disable) by default
2097 1 (auto-detect for YMF744/754 only)
2098 joystick_port - 0x201,0x202,0x204,0x205, 0 (disable) by default,
2100 rear_switch - enable shared rear/line-in switch (bool)
2102 This module supports autoprobe and multiple chips.
2104 The power-management is supported.
2106 Module snd-pdaudiocf
2107 --------------------
2109 Module for Sound Core PDAudioCF sound card.
2111 The power-management is supported.
2117 The ac97_quirk option is used to enable/override the workaround for
2118 specific devices on drivers for on-board AC'97 controllers like
2119 snd-intel8x0. Some hardware have swapped output pins between Master
2120 and Headphone, or Surround (thanks to confusion of AC'97
2121 specifications from version to version :-)
2123 The driver provides the auto-detection of known problematic devices,
2124 but some might be unknown or wrongly detected. In such a case, pass
2125 the proper value with this option.
2127 The following strings are accepted:
2128 - default Don't override the default setting
2129 - none Disable the quirk
2130 - hp_only Bind Master and Headphone controls as a single control
2131 - swap_hp Swap headphone and master controls
2132 - swap_surround Swap master and surround controls
2133 - ad_sharing For AD1985, turn on OMS bit and use headphone
2134 - alc_jack For ALC65x, turn on the jack sense mode
2135 - inv_eapd Inverted EAPD implementation
2136 - mute_led Bind EAPD bit for turning on/off mute LED
2138 For backward compatibility, the corresponding integer value -1, 0,
2139 ... are accepted, too.
2141 For example, if "Master" volume control has no effect on your device
2142 but only "Headphone" does, pass ac97_quirk=hp_only module option.
2145 Configuring Non-ISAPNP Cards
2146 ============================
2148 When the kernel is configured with ISA-PnP support, the modules
2149 supporting the isapnp cards will have module options "isapnp".
2150 If this option is set, *only* the ISA-PnP devices will be probed.
2151 For probing the non ISA-PnP cards, you have to pass "isapnp=0" option
2152 together with the proper i/o and irq configuration.
2154 When the kernel is configured without ISA-PnP support, isapnp option
2155 will be not built in.
2158 Module Autoloading Support
2159 ==========================
2161 The ALSA drivers can be loaded automatically on demand by defining
2162 module aliases. The string 'snd-card-%1' is requested for ALSA native
2163 devices where %i is sound card number from zero to seven.
2165 To auto-load an ALSA driver for OSS services, define the string
2166 'sound-slot-%i' where %i means the slot number for OSS, which
2167 corresponds to the card index of ALSA. Usually, define this
2168 as the same card module.
2170 An example configuration for a single emu10k1 card is like below:
2171 ----- /etc/modprobe.d/alsa.conf
2172 alias snd-card-0 snd-emu10k1
2173 alias sound-slot-0 snd-emu10k1
2174 ----- /etc/modprobe.d/alsa.conf
2176 The available number of auto-loaded sound cards depends on the module
2177 option "cards_limit" of snd module. As default it's set to 1.
2178 To enable the auto-loading of multiple cards, specify the number of
2179 sound cards in that option.
2181 When multiple cards are available, it'd better to specify the index
2182 number for each card via module option, too, so that the order of
2183 cards is kept consistent.
2185 An example configuration for two sound cards is like below:
2187 ----- /etc/modprobe.d/alsa.conf
2189 options snd cards_limit=2
2190 alias snd-card-0 snd-interwave
2191 alias snd-card-1 snd-ens1371
2192 options snd-interwave index=0
2193 options snd-ens1371 index=1
2195 alias sound-slot-0 snd-interwave
2196 alias sound-slot-1 snd-ens1371
2197 ----- /etc/modprobe.d/alsa.conf
2199 In this example, the interwave card is always loaded as the first card
2200 (index 0) and ens1371 as the second (index 1).
2202 Alternative (and new) way to fixate the slot assignment is to use
2203 "slots" option of snd module. In the case above, specify like the
2206 options snd slots=snd-interwave,snd-ens1371
2208 Then, the first slot (#0) is reserved for snd-interwave driver, and
2209 the second (#1) for snd-ens1371. You can omit index option in each
2210 driver if slots option is used (although you can still have them at
2211 the same time as long as they don't conflict).
2213 The slots option is especially useful for avoiding the possible
2214 hot-plugging and the resultant slot conflict. For example, in the
2215 case above again, the first two slots are already reserved. If any
2216 other driver (e.g. snd-usb-audio) is loaded before snd-interwave or
2217 snd-ens1371, it will be assigned to the third or later slot.
2219 When a module name is given with '!', the slot will be given for any
2220 modules but that name. For example, "slots=!snd-pcsp" will reserve
2221 the first slot for any modules but snd-pcsp.
2224 ALSA PCM devices to OSS devices mapping
2225 =======================================
2227 /dev/snd/pcmC0D0[c|p] -> /dev/audio0 (/dev/audio) -> minor 4
2228 /dev/snd/pcmC0D0[c|p] -> /dev/dsp0 (/dev/dsp) -> minor 3
2229 /dev/snd/pcmC0D1[c|p] -> /dev/adsp0 (/dev/adsp) -> minor 12
2230 /dev/snd/pcmC1D0[c|p] -> /dev/audio1 -> minor 4+16 = 20
2231 /dev/snd/pcmC1D0[c|p] -> /dev/dsp1 -> minor 3+16 = 19
2232 /dev/snd/pcmC1D1[c|p] -> /dev/adsp1 -> minor 12+16 = 28
2233 /dev/snd/pcmC2D0[c|p] -> /dev/audio2 -> minor 4+32 = 36
2234 /dev/snd/pcmC2D0[c|p] -> /dev/dsp2 -> minor 3+32 = 39
2235 /dev/snd/pcmC2D1[c|p] -> /dev/adsp2 -> minor 12+32 = 44
2237 The first number from /dev/snd/pcmC{X}D{Y}[c|p] expression means
2238 sound card number and second means device number. The ALSA devices
2239 have either 'c' or 'p' suffix indicating the direction, capture and
2240 playback, respectively.
2242 Please note that the device mapping above may be varied via the module
2243 options of snd-pcm-oss module.
2246 Proc interfaces (/proc/asound)
2247 ==============================
2249 /proc/asound/card#/pcm#[cp]/oss
2250 -------------------------------
2251 String "erase" - erase all additional information about OSS applications
2252 String "<app_name> <fragments> <fragment_size> [<options>]"
2254 <app_name> - name of application with (higher priority) or without path
2255 <fragments> - number of fragments or zero if auto
2256 <fragment_size> - size of fragment in bytes or zero if auto
2257 <options> - optional parameters
2258 - disable the application tries to open a pcm device for
2259 this channel but does not want to use it.
2260 (Cause a bug or mmap needs)
2261 It's good for Quake etc...
2262 - direct don't use plugins
2263 - block force block mode (rvplayer)
2264 - non-block force non-block mode
2265 - whole-frag write only whole fragments (optimization affecting
2267 - no-silence do not fill silence ahead to avoid clicks
2268 - buggy-ptr Returns the whitespace blocks in GETOPTR ioctl
2269 instead of filled blocks
2271 Example: echo "x11amp 128 16384" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0p/oss
2272 echo "squake 0 0 disable" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0c/oss
2273 echo "rvplayer 0 0 block" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0p/oss
2276 Early Buffer Allocation
2277 =======================
2279 Some drivers (e.g. hdsp) require the large contiguous buffers, and
2280 sometimes it's too late to find such spaces when the driver module is
2281 actually loaded due to memory fragmentation. You can pre-allocate the
2282 PCM buffers by loading snd-page-alloc module and write commands to its
2283 proc file in prior, for example, in the early boot stage like
2284 /etc/init.d/*.local scripts.
2286 Reading the proc file /proc/drivers/snd-page-alloc shows the current
2287 usage of page allocation. In writing, you can send the following
2288 commands to the snd-page-alloc driver:
2290 - add VENDOR DEVICE MASK SIZE BUFFERS
2292 VENDOR and DEVICE are PCI vendor and device IDs. They take
2293 integer numbers (0x prefix is needed for the hex).
2294 MASK is the PCI DMA mask. Pass 0 if not restricted.
2295 SIZE is the size of each buffer to allocate. You can pass
2296 k and m suffix for KB and MB. The max number is 16MB.
2297 BUFFERS is the number of buffers to allocate. It must be greater
2298 than 0. The max number is 4.
2302 This will erase the all pre-allocated buffers which are not in
2309 ALSA project homepage
2310 http://www.alsa-project.org
2313 http://bugzilla.kernel.org/
2316 mailto:alsa-devel@alsa-project.org
2319 http://www.alsa-project.org/alsa-info.sh
projects / karo-tx-linux.git / blob