2 * linux/arch/arm/mm/init.c
4 * Copyright (C) 1995-2005 Russell King
6 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
7 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
8 * published by the Free Software Foundation.
10 #include <linux/kernel.h>
11 #include <linux/errno.h>
12 #include <linux/swap.h>
13 #include <linux/init.h>
14 #include <linux/bootmem.h>
15 #include <linux/mman.h>
16 #include <linux/nodemask.h>
17 #include <linux/initrd.h>
18 #include <linux/of_fdt.h>
19 #include <linux/highmem.h>
20 #include <linux/gfp.h>
21 #include <linux/memblock.h>
22 #include <linux/sort.h>
24 #include <asm/mach-types.h>
26 #include <asm/sections.h>
27 #include <asm/setup.h>
28 #include <asm/sizes.h>
30 #include <asm/fixmap.h>
32 #include <asm/mach/arch.h>
33 #include <asm/mach/map.h>
37 static unsigned long phys_initrd_start __initdata = 0;
38 static unsigned long phys_initrd_size __initdata = 0;
40 static int __init early_initrd(char *p)
42 unsigned long start, size;
45 start = memparse(p, &endp);
47 size = memparse(endp + 1, NULL);
49 phys_initrd_start = start;
50 phys_initrd_size = size;
54 early_param("initrd", early_initrd);
56 static int __init parse_tag_initrd(const struct tag *tag)
58 printk(KERN_WARNING "ATAG_INITRD is deprecated; "
59 "please update your bootloader.\n");
60 phys_initrd_start = __virt_to_phys(tag->u.initrd.start);
61 phys_initrd_size = tag->u.initrd.size;
65 __tagtable(ATAG_INITRD, parse_tag_initrd);
67 static int __init parse_tag_initrd2(const struct tag *tag)
69 phys_initrd_start = tag->u.initrd.start;
70 phys_initrd_size = tag->u.initrd.size;
74 __tagtable(ATAG_INITRD2, parse_tag_initrd2);
76 #ifdef CONFIG_OF_FLATTREE
77 void __init early_init_dt_setup_initrd_arch(unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
79 phys_initrd_start = start;
80 phys_initrd_size = end - start;
82 #endif /* CONFIG_OF_FLATTREE */
85 * This keeps memory configuration data used by a couple memory
86 * initialization functions, as well as show_mem() for the skipping
87 * of holes in the memory map. It is populated by arm_add_memory().
89 struct meminfo meminfo;
91 void show_mem(unsigned int filter)
93 int free = 0, total = 0, reserved = 0;
94 int shared = 0, cached = 0, slab = 0, i;
95 struct meminfo * mi = &meminfo;
97 printk("Mem-info:\n");
100 for_each_bank (i, mi) {
101 struct membank *bank = &mi->bank[i];
102 unsigned int pfn1, pfn2;
103 struct page *page, *end;
105 pfn1 = bank_pfn_start(bank);
106 pfn2 = bank_pfn_end(bank);
108 page = pfn_to_page(pfn1);
109 end = pfn_to_page(pfn2 - 1) + 1;
113 if (PageReserved(page))
115 else if (PageSwapCache(page))
117 else if (PageSlab(page))
119 else if (!page_count(page))
122 shared += page_count(page) - 1;
124 } while (page < end);
127 printk("%d pages of RAM\n", total);
128 printk("%d free pages\n", free);
129 printk("%d reserved pages\n", reserved);
130 printk("%d slab pages\n", slab);
131 printk("%d pages shared\n", shared);
132 printk("%d pages swap cached\n", cached);
135 static void __init find_limits(unsigned long *min, unsigned long *max_low,
136 unsigned long *max_high)
138 struct meminfo *mi = &meminfo;
142 *max_low = *max_high = 0;
144 for_each_bank (i, mi) {
145 struct membank *bank = &mi->bank[i];
146 unsigned long start, end;
148 start = bank_pfn_start(bank);
149 end = bank_pfn_end(bank);
162 static void __init arm_bootmem_init(unsigned long start_pfn,
163 unsigned long end_pfn)
165 struct memblock_region *reg;
166 unsigned int boot_pages;
171 * Allocate the bootmem bitmap page. This must be in a region
172 * of memory which has already been mapped.
174 boot_pages = bootmem_bootmap_pages(end_pfn - start_pfn);
175 bitmap = memblock_alloc_base(boot_pages << PAGE_SHIFT, L1_CACHE_BYTES,
176 __pfn_to_phys(end_pfn));
179 * Initialise the bootmem allocator, handing the
180 * memory banks over to bootmem.
183 pgdat = NODE_DATA(0);
184 init_bootmem_node(pgdat, __phys_to_pfn(bitmap), start_pfn, end_pfn);
186 /* Free the lowmem regions from memblock into bootmem. */
187 for_each_memblock(memory, reg) {
188 unsigned long start = memblock_region_memory_base_pfn(reg);
189 unsigned long end = memblock_region_memory_end_pfn(reg);
196 free_bootmem(__pfn_to_phys(start), (end - start) << PAGE_SHIFT);
199 /* Reserve the lowmem memblock reserved regions in bootmem. */
200 for_each_memblock(reserved, reg) {
201 unsigned long start = memblock_region_reserved_base_pfn(reg);
202 unsigned long end = memblock_region_reserved_end_pfn(reg);
209 reserve_bootmem(__pfn_to_phys(start),
210 (end - start) << PAGE_SHIFT, BOOTMEM_DEFAULT);
214 static void __init arm_bootmem_free(unsigned long min, unsigned long max_low,
215 unsigned long max_high)
217 unsigned long zone_size[MAX_NR_ZONES], zhole_size[MAX_NR_ZONES];
218 struct memblock_region *reg;
221 * initialise the zones.
223 memset(zone_size, 0, sizeof(zone_size));
226 * The memory size has already been determined. If we need
227 * to do anything fancy with the allocation of this memory
228 * to the zones, now is the time to do it.
230 zone_size[0] = max_low - min;
231 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
232 zone_size[ZONE_HIGHMEM] = max_high - max_low;
236 * Calculate the size of the holes.
237 * holes = node_size - sum(bank_sizes)
239 memcpy(zhole_size, zone_size, sizeof(zhole_size));
240 for_each_memblock(memory, reg) {
241 unsigned long start = memblock_region_memory_base_pfn(reg);
242 unsigned long end = memblock_region_memory_end_pfn(reg);
244 if (start < max_low) {
245 unsigned long low_end = min(end, max_low);
246 zhole_size[0] -= low_end - start;
248 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
250 unsigned long high_start = max(start, max_low);
251 zhole_size[ZONE_HIGHMEM] -= end - high_start;
257 * Adjust the sizes according to any special requirements for
260 arch_adjust_zones(zone_size, zhole_size);
262 free_area_init_node(0, zone_size, min, zhole_size);
265 #ifndef CONFIG_SPARSEMEM
266 int pfn_valid(unsigned long pfn)
268 return memblock_is_memory(pfn << PAGE_SHIFT);
270 EXPORT_SYMBOL(pfn_valid);
272 static void arm_memory_present(void)
276 static void arm_memory_present(void)
278 struct memblock_region *reg;
280 for_each_memblock(memory, reg)
281 memory_present(0, memblock_region_memory_base_pfn(reg),
282 memblock_region_memory_end_pfn(reg));
286 static int __init meminfo_cmp(const void *_a, const void *_b)
288 const struct membank *a = _a, *b = _b;
289 long cmp = bank_pfn_start(a) - bank_pfn_start(b);
290 return cmp < 0 ? -1 : cmp > 0 ? 1 : 0;
293 void __init arm_memblock_init(struct meminfo *mi, struct machine_desc *mdesc)
297 sort(&meminfo.bank, meminfo.nr_banks, sizeof(meminfo.bank[0]), meminfo_cmp, NULL);
300 for (i = 0; i < mi->nr_banks; i++)
301 memblock_add(mi->bank[i].start, mi->bank[i].size);
303 /* Register the kernel text, kernel data and initrd with memblock. */
304 #ifdef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL
305 memblock_reserve(__pa(_sdata), _end - _sdata);
307 memblock_reserve(__pa(_stext), _end - _stext);
309 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
310 if (phys_initrd_size &&
311 memblock_is_region_reserved(phys_initrd_start, phys_initrd_size)) {
312 pr_err("INITRD: 0x%08lx+0x%08lx overlaps in-use memory region - disabling initrd\n",
313 phys_initrd_start, phys_initrd_size);
314 phys_initrd_start = phys_initrd_size = 0;
316 if (phys_initrd_size) {
317 memblock_reserve(phys_initrd_start, phys_initrd_size);
319 /* Now convert initrd to virtual addresses */
320 initrd_start = __phys_to_virt(phys_initrd_start);
321 initrd_end = initrd_start + phys_initrd_size;
325 arm_mm_memblock_reserve();
326 arm_dt_memblock_reserve();
328 /* reserve any platform specific memblock areas */
336 void __init bootmem_init(void)
338 unsigned long min, max_low, max_high;
340 max_low = max_high = 0;
342 find_limits(&min, &max_low, &max_high);
344 arm_bootmem_init(min, max_low);
347 * Sparsemem tries to allocate bootmem in memory_present(),
348 * so must be done after the fixed reservations
350 arm_memory_present();
353 * sparse_init() needs the bootmem allocator up and running.
358 * Now free the memory - free_area_init_node needs
359 * the sparse mem_map arrays initialized by sparse_init()
360 * for memmap_init_zone(), otherwise all PFNs are invalid.
362 arm_bootmem_free(min, max_low, max_high);
364 high_memory = __va(((phys_addr_t)max_low << PAGE_SHIFT) - 1) + 1;
367 * This doesn't seem to be used by the Linux memory manager any
368 * more, but is used by ll_rw_block. If we can get rid of it, we
369 * also get rid of some of the stuff above as well.
371 * Note: max_low_pfn and max_pfn reflect the number of _pages_ in
372 * the system, not the maximum PFN.
374 max_low_pfn = max_low - PHYS_PFN_OFFSET;
375 max_pfn = max_high - PHYS_PFN_OFFSET;
378 static inline int free_area(unsigned long pfn, unsigned long end, char *s)
380 unsigned int pages = 0, size = (end - pfn) << (PAGE_SHIFT - 10);
382 for (; pfn < end; pfn++) {
383 struct page *page = pfn_to_page(pfn);
384 ClearPageReserved(page);
385 init_page_count(page);
391 printk(KERN_INFO "Freeing %s memory: %dK\n", s, size);
397 free_memmap(unsigned long start_pfn, unsigned long end_pfn)
399 struct page *start_pg, *end_pg;
400 unsigned long pg, pgend;
403 * Convert start_pfn/end_pfn to a struct page pointer.
405 start_pg = pfn_to_page(start_pfn - 1) + 1;
406 end_pg = pfn_to_page(end_pfn);
409 * Convert to physical addresses, and
410 * round start upwards and end downwards.
412 pg = (unsigned long)PAGE_ALIGN(__pa(start_pg));
413 pgend = (unsigned long)__pa(end_pg) & PAGE_MASK;
416 * If there are free pages between these,
417 * free the section of the memmap array.
420 free_bootmem(pg, pgend - pg);
424 * The mem_map array can get very big. Free the unused area of the memory map.
426 static void __init free_unused_memmap(struct meminfo *mi)
428 unsigned long bank_start, prev_bank_end = 0;
432 * This relies on each bank being in address order.
433 * The banks are sorted previously in bootmem_init().
435 for_each_bank(i, mi) {
436 struct membank *bank = &mi->bank[i];
438 bank_start = bank_pfn_start(bank);
441 * If we had a previous bank, and there is a space
442 * between the current bank and the previous, free it.
444 if (prev_bank_end && prev_bank_end < bank_start)
445 free_memmap(prev_bank_end, bank_start);
448 * Align up here since the VM subsystem insists that the
449 * memmap entries are valid from the bank end aligned to
450 * MAX_ORDER_NR_PAGES.
452 prev_bank_end = ALIGN(bank_pfn_end(bank), MAX_ORDER_NR_PAGES);
456 static void __init free_highpages(void)
458 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
459 unsigned long max_low = max_low_pfn + PHYS_PFN_OFFSET;
460 struct memblock_region *mem, *res;
462 /* set highmem page free */
463 for_each_memblock(memory, mem) {
464 unsigned long start = memblock_region_memory_base_pfn(mem);
465 unsigned long end = memblock_region_memory_end_pfn(mem);
467 /* Ignore complete lowmem entries */
471 /* Truncate partial highmem entries */
475 /* Find and exclude any reserved regions */
476 for_each_memblock(reserved, res) {
477 unsigned long res_start, res_end;
479 res_start = memblock_region_reserved_base_pfn(res);
480 res_end = memblock_region_reserved_end_pfn(res);
484 if (res_start < start)
490 if (res_start != start)
491 totalhigh_pages += free_area(start, res_start,
498 /* And now free anything which remains */
500 totalhigh_pages += free_area(start, end, NULL);
502 totalram_pages += totalhigh_pages;
507 * mem_init() marks the free areas in the mem_map and tells us how much
508 * memory is free. This is done after various parts of the system have
509 * claimed their memory after the kernel image.
511 void __init mem_init(void)
513 unsigned long reserved_pages, free_pages;
514 struct memblock_region *reg;
516 #ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_TCM
517 /* These pointers are filled in on TCM detection */
522 max_mapnr = pfn_to_page(max_pfn + PHYS_PFN_OFFSET) - mem_map;
524 /* this will put all unused low memory onto the freelists */
525 free_unused_memmap(&meminfo);
527 totalram_pages += free_all_bootmem();
530 /* now that our DMA memory is actually so designated, we can free it */
531 totalram_pages += free_area(PHYS_PFN_OFFSET,
532 __phys_to_pfn(__pa(swapper_pg_dir)), NULL);
537 reserved_pages = free_pages = 0;
539 for_each_bank(i, &meminfo) {
540 struct membank *bank = &meminfo.bank[i];
541 unsigned int pfn1, pfn2;
542 struct page *page, *end;
544 pfn1 = bank_pfn_start(bank);
545 pfn2 = bank_pfn_end(bank);
547 page = pfn_to_page(pfn1);
548 end = pfn_to_page(pfn2 - 1) + 1;
551 if (PageReserved(page))
553 else if (!page_count(page))
556 } while (page < end);
560 * Since our memory may not be contiguous, calculate the
561 * real number of pages we have in this system
563 printk(KERN_INFO "Memory:");
565 for_each_memblock(memory, reg) {
566 unsigned long pages = memblock_region_memory_end_pfn(reg) -
567 memblock_region_memory_base_pfn(reg);
568 num_physpages += pages;
569 printk(" %ldMB", pages >> (20 - PAGE_SHIFT));
571 printk(" = %luMB total\n", num_physpages >> (20 - PAGE_SHIFT));
573 printk(KERN_NOTICE "Memory: %luk/%luk available, %luk reserved, %luK highmem\n",
574 nr_free_pages() << (PAGE_SHIFT-10),
575 free_pages << (PAGE_SHIFT-10),
576 reserved_pages << (PAGE_SHIFT-10),
577 totalhigh_pages << (PAGE_SHIFT-10));
579 #define MLK(b, t) b, t, ((t) - (b)) >> 10
580 #define MLM(b, t) b, t, ((t) - (b)) >> 20
581 #define MLK_ROUNDUP(b, t) b, t, DIV_ROUND_UP(((t) - (b)), SZ_1K)
583 printk(KERN_NOTICE "Virtual kernel memory layout:\n"
584 " vector : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx (%4ld kB)\n"
585 #ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_TCM
586 " DTCM : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx (%4ld kB)\n"
587 " ITCM : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx (%4ld kB)\n"
589 " fixmap : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx (%4ld kB)\n"
591 " DMA : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx (%4ld MB)\n"
593 " vmalloc : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx (%4ld MB)\n"
594 " lowmem : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx (%4ld MB)\n"
595 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
596 " pkmap : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx (%4ld MB)\n"
598 " modules : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx (%4ld MB)\n"
599 " .init : 0x%p" " - 0x%p" " (%4d kB)\n"
600 " .text : 0x%p" " - 0x%p" " (%4d kB)\n"
601 " .data : 0x%p" " - 0x%p" " (%4d kB)\n",
603 MLK(UL(CONFIG_VECTORS_BASE), UL(CONFIG_VECTORS_BASE) +
605 #ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_TCM
606 MLK(DTCM_OFFSET, (unsigned long) dtcm_end),
607 MLK(ITCM_OFFSET, (unsigned long) itcm_end),
609 MLK(FIXADDR_START, FIXADDR_TOP),
611 MLM(CONSISTENT_BASE, CONSISTENT_END),
613 MLM(VMALLOC_START, VMALLOC_END),
614 MLM(PAGE_OFFSET, (unsigned long)high_memory),
615 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
616 MLM(PKMAP_BASE, (PKMAP_BASE) + (LAST_PKMAP) *
619 MLM(MODULES_VADDR, MODULES_END),
621 MLK_ROUNDUP(__init_begin, __init_end),
622 MLK_ROUNDUP(_text, _etext),
623 MLK_ROUNDUP(_sdata, _edata));
630 * Check boundaries twice: Some fundamental inconsistencies can
631 * be detected at build time already.
634 BUILD_BUG_ON(VMALLOC_END > CONSISTENT_BASE);
635 BUG_ON(VMALLOC_END > CONSISTENT_BASE);
637 BUILD_BUG_ON(TASK_SIZE > MODULES_VADDR);
638 BUG_ON(TASK_SIZE > MODULES_VADDR);
641 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
642 BUILD_BUG_ON(PKMAP_BASE + LAST_PKMAP * PAGE_SIZE > PAGE_OFFSET);
643 BUG_ON(PKMAP_BASE + LAST_PKMAP * PAGE_SIZE > PAGE_OFFSET);
646 if (PAGE_SIZE >= 16384 && num_physpages <= 128) {
647 extern int sysctl_overcommit_memory;
649 * On a machine this small we won't get
650 * anywhere without overcommit, so turn
653 sysctl_overcommit_memory = OVERCOMMIT_ALWAYS;
657 void free_initmem(void)
659 #ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_TCM
660 extern char __tcm_start, __tcm_end;
662 totalram_pages += free_area(__phys_to_pfn(__pa(&__tcm_start)),
663 __phys_to_pfn(__pa(&__tcm_end)),
667 if (!machine_is_integrator() && !machine_is_cintegrator())
668 totalram_pages += free_area(__phys_to_pfn(__pa(__init_begin)),
669 __phys_to_pfn(__pa(__init_end)),
673 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
675 static int keep_initrd;
677 void free_initrd_mem(unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
680 totalram_pages += free_area(__phys_to_pfn(__pa(start)),
681 __phys_to_pfn(__pa(end)),
685 static int __init keepinitrd_setup(char *__unused)
691 __setup("keepinitrd", keepinitrd_setup);