2 * HW_breakpoint: a unified kernel/user-space hardware breakpoint facility,
3 * using the CPU's debug registers. Derived from
4 * "arch/x86/kernel/hw_breakpoint.c"
6 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
7 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
8 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
9 * (at your option) any later version.
11 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
12 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
13 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
14 * GNU General Public License for more details.
16 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
17 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
18 * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
20 * Copyright 2010 IBM Corporation
21 * Author: K.Prasad <prasad@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
25 #include <linux/hw_breakpoint.h>
26 #include <linux/notifier.h>
27 #include <linux/kprobes.h>
28 #include <linux/percpu.h>
29 #include <linux/kernel.h>
30 #include <linux/sched.h>
31 #include <linux/smp.h>
33 #include <asm/hw_breakpoint.h>
34 #include <asm/processor.h>
35 #include <asm/sstep.h>
36 #include <asm/uaccess.h>
39 * Stores the breakpoints currently in use on each breakpoint address
40 * register for every cpu
42 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct perf_event *, bp_per_reg);
45 * Returns total number of data or instruction breakpoints available.
47 int hw_breakpoint_slots(int type)
49 if (type == TYPE_DATA)
51 return 0; /* no instruction breakpoints available */
55 * Install a perf counter breakpoint.
57 * We seek a free debug address register and use it for this
60 * Atomic: we hold the counter->ctx->lock and we only handle variables
61 * and registers local to this cpu.
63 int arch_install_hw_breakpoint(struct perf_event *bp)
65 struct arch_hw_breakpoint *info = counter_arch_bp(bp);
66 struct perf_event **slot = &__get_cpu_var(bp_per_reg);
71 * Do not install DABR values if the instruction must be single-stepped.
72 * If so, DABR will be populated in single_step_dabr_instruction().
74 if (current->thread.last_hit_ubp != bp)
75 __set_breakpoint(info);
81 * Uninstall the breakpoint contained in the given counter.
83 * First we search the debug address register it uses and then we disable
86 * Atomic: we hold the counter->ctx->lock and we only handle variables
87 * and registers local to this cpu.
89 void arch_uninstall_hw_breakpoint(struct perf_event *bp)
91 struct perf_event **slot = &__get_cpu_var(bp_per_reg);
94 WARN_ONCE(1, "Can't find the breakpoint");
99 hw_breakpoint_disable();
103 * Perform cleanup of arch-specific counters during unregistration
106 void arch_unregister_hw_breakpoint(struct perf_event *bp)
109 * If the breakpoint is unregistered between a hw_breakpoint_handler()
110 * and the single_step_dabr_instruction(), then cleanup the breakpoint
111 * restoration variables to prevent dangling pointers.
113 if (bp->ctx && bp->ctx->task)
114 bp->ctx->task->thread.last_hit_ubp = NULL;
118 * Check for virtual address in kernel space.
120 int arch_check_bp_in_kernelspace(struct perf_event *bp)
122 struct arch_hw_breakpoint *info = counter_arch_bp(bp);
124 return is_kernel_addr(info->address);
127 int arch_bp_generic_fields(int type, int *gen_bp_type)
130 if (type & HW_BRK_TYPE_READ)
131 *gen_bp_type |= HW_BREAKPOINT_R;
132 if (type & HW_BRK_TYPE_WRITE)
133 *gen_bp_type |= HW_BREAKPOINT_W;
134 if (*gen_bp_type == 0)
140 * Validate the arch-specific HW Breakpoint register settings
142 int arch_validate_hwbkpt_settings(struct perf_event *bp)
144 int ret = -EINVAL, length_max;
145 struct arch_hw_breakpoint *info = counter_arch_bp(bp);
150 info->type = HW_BRK_TYPE_TRANSLATE;
151 if (bp->attr.bp_type & HW_BREAKPOINT_R)
152 info->type |= HW_BRK_TYPE_READ;
153 if (bp->attr.bp_type & HW_BREAKPOINT_W)
154 info->type |= HW_BRK_TYPE_WRITE;
155 if (info->type == HW_BRK_TYPE_TRANSLATE)
156 /* must set alteast read or write */
158 if (!(bp->attr.exclude_user))
159 info->type |= HW_BRK_TYPE_USER;
160 if (!(bp->attr.exclude_kernel))
161 info->type |= HW_BRK_TYPE_KERNEL;
162 if (!(bp->attr.exclude_hv))
163 info->type |= HW_BRK_TYPE_HYP;
164 info->address = bp->attr.bp_addr;
165 info->len = bp->attr.bp_len;
168 * Since breakpoint length can be a maximum of HW_BREAKPOINT_LEN(8)
169 * and breakpoint addresses are aligned to nearest double-word
170 * HW_BREAKPOINT_ALIGN by rounding off to the lower address, the
171 * 'symbolsize' should satisfy the check below.
173 length_max = 8; /* DABR */
174 if (cpu_has_feature(CPU_FTR_DAWR)) {
175 length_max = 512 ; /* 64 doublewords */
176 /* DAWR region can't cross 512 boundary */
177 if ((bp->attr.bp_addr >> 10) !=
178 ((bp->attr.bp_addr + bp->attr.bp_len - 1) >> 10))
182 (length_max - (info->address & HW_BREAKPOINT_ALIGN)))
188 * Restores the breakpoint on the debug registers.
189 * Invoke this function if it is known that the execution context is
190 * about to change to cause loss of MSR_SE settings.
192 void thread_change_pc(struct task_struct *tsk, struct pt_regs *regs)
194 struct arch_hw_breakpoint *info;
196 if (likely(!tsk->thread.last_hit_ubp))
199 info = counter_arch_bp(tsk->thread.last_hit_ubp);
200 regs->msr &= ~MSR_SE;
201 __set_breakpoint(info);
202 tsk->thread.last_hit_ubp = NULL;
206 * Handle debug exception notifications.
208 int __kprobes hw_breakpoint_handler(struct die_args *args)
210 int rc = NOTIFY_STOP;
211 struct perf_event *bp;
212 struct pt_regs *regs = args->regs;
214 struct arch_hw_breakpoint *info;
216 unsigned long dar = regs->dar;
218 /* Disable breakpoints during exception handling */
219 hw_breakpoint_disable();
222 * The counter may be concurrently released but that can only
223 * occur from a call_rcu() path. We can then safely fetch
224 * the breakpoint, use its callback, touch its counter
225 * while we are in an rcu_read_lock() path.
229 bp = __get_cpu_var(bp_per_reg);
232 info = counter_arch_bp(bp);
235 * Return early after invoking user-callback function without restoring
236 * DABR if the breakpoint is from ptrace which always operates in
237 * one-shot mode. The ptrace-ed process will receive the SIGTRAP signal
238 * generated in do_dabr().
240 if (bp->overflow_handler == ptrace_triggered) {
241 perf_bp_event(bp, regs);
247 * Verify if dar lies within the address range occupied by the symbol
248 * being watched to filter extraneous exceptions. If it doesn't,
249 * we still need to single-step the instruction, but we don't
252 info->type &= ~HW_BRK_TYPE_EXTRANEOUS_IRQ;
253 if (!((bp->attr.bp_addr <= dar) &&
254 (dar - bp->attr.bp_addr < bp->attr.bp_len)))
255 info->type |= HW_BRK_TYPE_EXTRANEOUS_IRQ;
257 /* Do not emulate user-space instructions, instead single-step them */
258 if (user_mode(regs)) {
259 current->thread.last_hit_ubp = bp;
266 if (!__get_user_inatomic(instr, (unsigned int *) regs->nip))
267 stepped = emulate_step(regs, instr);
270 * emulate_step() could not execute it. We've failed in reliably
271 * handling the hw-breakpoint. Unregister it and throw a warning
272 * message to let the user know about it.
275 WARN(1, "Unable to handle hardware breakpoint. Breakpoint at "
276 "0x%lx will be disabled.", info->address);
277 perf_event_disable(bp);
281 * As a policy, the callback is invoked in a 'trigger-after-execute'
284 if (!(info->type & HW_BRK_TYPE_EXTRANEOUS_IRQ))
285 perf_bp_event(bp, regs);
287 __set_breakpoint(info);
294 * Handle single-step exceptions following a DABR hit.
296 int __kprobes single_step_dabr_instruction(struct die_args *args)
298 struct pt_regs *regs = args->regs;
299 struct perf_event *bp = NULL;
300 struct arch_hw_breakpoint *info;
302 bp = current->thread.last_hit_ubp;
304 * Check if we are single-stepping as a result of a
305 * previous HW Breakpoint exception
310 info = counter_arch_bp(bp);
313 * We shall invoke the user-defined callback function in the single
314 * stepping handler to confirm to 'trigger-after-execute' semantics
316 if (!(info->type & HW_BRK_TYPE_EXTRANEOUS_IRQ))
317 perf_bp_event(bp, regs);
319 __set_breakpoint(info);
320 current->thread.last_hit_ubp = NULL;
323 * If the process was being single-stepped by ptrace, let the
324 * other single-step actions occur (e.g. generate SIGTRAP).
326 if (test_thread_flag(TIF_SINGLESTEP))
333 * Handle debug exception notifications.
335 int __kprobes hw_breakpoint_exceptions_notify(
336 struct notifier_block *unused, unsigned long val, void *data)
338 int ret = NOTIFY_DONE;
342 ret = hw_breakpoint_handler(data);
345 ret = single_step_dabr_instruction(data);
353 * Release the user breakpoints used by ptrace
355 void flush_ptrace_hw_breakpoint(struct task_struct *tsk)
357 struct thread_struct *t = &tsk->thread;
359 unregister_hw_breakpoint(t->ptrace_bps[0]);
360 t->ptrace_bps[0] = NULL;
363 void hw_breakpoint_pmu_read(struct perf_event *bp)