2 * Kernel Probes (KProbes)
4 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
5 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
6 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
7 * (at your option) any later version.
9 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
10 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
11 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
12 * GNU General Public License for more details.
14 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
15 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
16 * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
18 * Copyright (C) IBM Corporation, 2002, 2004
20 * 2002-Oct Created by Vamsi Krishna S <vamsi_krishna@in.ibm.com> Kernel
21 * Probes initial implementation ( includes contributions from
23 * 2004-July Suparna Bhattacharya <suparna@in.ibm.com> added jumper probes
24 * interface to access function arguments.
25 * 2004-Nov Ananth N Mavinakayanahalli <ananth@in.ibm.com> kprobes port
29 #include <linux/config.h>
30 #include <linux/kprobes.h>
31 #include <linux/ptrace.h>
32 #include <linux/preempt.h>
33 #include <asm/cacheflush.h>
34 #include <asm/kdebug.h>
35 #include <asm/sstep.h>
37 DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct kprobe *, current_kprobe) = NULL;
38 DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct kprobe_ctlblk, kprobe_ctlblk);
40 int __kprobes arch_prepare_kprobe(struct kprobe *p)
43 kprobe_opcode_t insn = *p->addr;
45 if ((unsigned long)p->addr & 0x03) {
46 printk("Attempt to register kprobe at an unaligned address\n");
48 } else if (IS_MTMSRD(insn) || IS_RFID(insn)) {
49 printk("Cannot register a kprobe on rfid or mtmsrd\n");
53 /* insn must be on a special executable page on ppc64 */
55 p->ainsn.insn = get_insn_slot();
61 memcpy(p->ainsn.insn, p->addr, MAX_INSN_SIZE * sizeof(kprobe_opcode_t));
68 void __kprobes arch_arm_kprobe(struct kprobe *p)
70 *p->addr = BREAKPOINT_INSTRUCTION;
71 flush_icache_range((unsigned long) p->addr,
72 (unsigned long) p->addr + sizeof(kprobe_opcode_t));
75 void __kprobes arch_disarm_kprobe(struct kprobe *p)
78 flush_icache_range((unsigned long) p->addr,
79 (unsigned long) p->addr + sizeof(kprobe_opcode_t));
82 void __kprobes arch_remove_kprobe(struct kprobe *p)
84 mutex_lock(&kprobe_mutex);
85 free_insn_slot(p->ainsn.insn);
86 mutex_unlock(&kprobe_mutex);
89 static inline void prepare_singlestep(struct kprobe *p, struct pt_regs *regs)
91 kprobe_opcode_t insn = *p->ainsn.insn;
95 /* single step inline if it is a trap variant */
97 regs->nip = (unsigned long)p->addr;
99 regs->nip = (unsigned long)p->ainsn.insn;
102 static inline void save_previous_kprobe(struct kprobe_ctlblk *kcb)
104 kcb->prev_kprobe.kp = kprobe_running();
105 kcb->prev_kprobe.status = kcb->kprobe_status;
106 kcb->prev_kprobe.saved_msr = kcb->kprobe_saved_msr;
109 static inline void restore_previous_kprobe(struct kprobe_ctlblk *kcb)
111 __get_cpu_var(current_kprobe) = kcb->prev_kprobe.kp;
112 kcb->kprobe_status = kcb->prev_kprobe.status;
113 kcb->kprobe_saved_msr = kcb->prev_kprobe.saved_msr;
116 static inline void set_current_kprobe(struct kprobe *p, struct pt_regs *regs,
117 struct kprobe_ctlblk *kcb)
119 __get_cpu_var(current_kprobe) = p;
120 kcb->kprobe_saved_msr = regs->msr;
123 /* Called with kretprobe_lock held */
124 void __kprobes arch_prepare_kretprobe(struct kretprobe *rp,
125 struct pt_regs *regs)
127 struct kretprobe_instance *ri;
129 if ((ri = get_free_rp_inst(rp)) != NULL) {
132 ri->ret_addr = (kprobe_opcode_t *)regs->link;
134 /* Replace the return addr with trampoline addr */
135 regs->link = (unsigned long)kretprobe_trampoline;
142 static inline int kprobe_handler(struct pt_regs *regs)
146 unsigned int *addr = (unsigned int *)regs->nip;
147 struct kprobe_ctlblk *kcb;
150 * We don't want to be preempted for the entire
151 * duration of kprobe processing
154 kcb = get_kprobe_ctlblk();
156 /* Check we're not actually recursing */
157 if (kprobe_running()) {
158 p = get_kprobe(addr);
160 kprobe_opcode_t insn = *p->ainsn.insn;
161 if (kcb->kprobe_status == KPROBE_HIT_SS &&
163 regs->msr &= ~MSR_SE;
164 regs->msr |= kcb->kprobe_saved_msr;
167 /* We have reentered the kprobe_handler(), since
168 * another probe was hit while within the handler.
169 * We here save the original kprobes variables and
170 * just single step on the instruction of the new probe
171 * without calling any user handlers.
173 save_previous_kprobe(kcb);
174 set_current_kprobe(p, regs, kcb);
175 kcb->kprobe_saved_msr = regs->msr;
176 kprobes_inc_nmissed_count(p);
177 prepare_singlestep(p, regs);
178 kcb->kprobe_status = KPROBE_REENTER;
181 if (*addr != BREAKPOINT_INSTRUCTION) {
182 /* If trap variant, then it belongs not to us */
183 kprobe_opcode_t cur_insn = *addr;
184 if (is_trap(cur_insn))
186 /* The breakpoint instruction was removed by
187 * another cpu right after we hit, no further
188 * handling of this interrupt is appropriate
193 p = __get_cpu_var(current_kprobe);
194 if (p->break_handler && p->break_handler(p, regs)) {
201 p = get_kprobe(addr);
203 if (*addr != BREAKPOINT_INSTRUCTION) {
205 * PowerPC has multiple variants of the "trap"
206 * instruction. If the current instruction is a
207 * trap variant, it could belong to someone else
209 kprobe_opcode_t cur_insn = *addr;
210 if (is_trap(cur_insn))
213 * The breakpoint instruction was removed right
214 * after we hit it. Another cpu has removed
215 * either a probepoint or a debugger breakpoint
216 * at this address. In either case, no further
217 * handling of this interrupt is appropriate.
221 /* Not one of ours: let kernel handle it */
225 kcb->kprobe_status = KPROBE_HIT_ACTIVE;
226 set_current_kprobe(p, regs, kcb);
227 if (p->pre_handler && p->pre_handler(p, regs))
228 /* handler has already set things up, so skip ss setup */
232 prepare_singlestep(p, regs);
233 kcb->kprobe_status = KPROBE_HIT_SS;
237 preempt_enable_no_resched();
242 * Function return probe trampoline:
243 * - init_kprobes() establishes a probepoint here
244 * - When the probed function returns, this probe
245 * causes the handlers to fire
247 void kretprobe_trampoline_holder(void)
249 asm volatile(".global kretprobe_trampoline\n"
250 "kretprobe_trampoline:\n"
255 * Called when the probe at kretprobe trampoline is hit
257 int __kprobes trampoline_probe_handler(struct kprobe *p, struct pt_regs *regs)
259 struct kretprobe_instance *ri = NULL;
260 struct hlist_head *head;
261 struct hlist_node *node, *tmp;
262 unsigned long flags, orig_ret_address = 0;
263 unsigned long trampoline_address =(unsigned long)&kretprobe_trampoline;
265 spin_lock_irqsave(&kretprobe_lock, flags);
266 head = kretprobe_inst_table_head(current);
269 * It is possible to have multiple instances associated with a given
270 * task either because an multiple functions in the call path
271 * have a return probe installed on them, and/or more then one return
272 * return probe was registered for a target function.
274 * We can handle this because:
275 * - instances are always inserted at the head of the list
276 * - when multiple return probes are registered for the same
277 * function, the first instance's ret_addr will point to the
278 * real return address, and all the rest will point to
279 * kretprobe_trampoline
281 hlist_for_each_entry_safe(ri, node, tmp, head, hlist) {
282 if (ri->task != current)
283 /* another task is sharing our hash bucket */
286 if (ri->rp && ri->rp->handler)
287 ri->rp->handler(ri, regs);
289 orig_ret_address = (unsigned long)ri->ret_addr;
292 if (orig_ret_address != trampoline_address)
294 * This is the real return address. Any other
295 * instances associated with this task are for
296 * other calls deeper on the call stack
301 BUG_ON(!orig_ret_address || (orig_ret_address == trampoline_address));
302 regs->nip = orig_ret_address;
304 reset_current_kprobe();
305 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&kretprobe_lock, flags);
306 preempt_enable_no_resched();
309 * By returning a non-zero value, we are telling
310 * kprobe_handler() that we don't want the post_handler
311 * to run (and have re-enabled preemption)
317 * Called after single-stepping. p->addr is the address of the
318 * instruction whose first byte has been replaced by the "breakpoint"
319 * instruction. To avoid the SMP problems that can occur when we
320 * temporarily put back the original opcode to single-step, we
321 * single-stepped a copy of the instruction. The address of this
322 * copy is p->ainsn.insn.
324 static void __kprobes resume_execution(struct kprobe *p, struct pt_regs *regs)
327 unsigned int insn = *p->ainsn.insn;
329 regs->nip = (unsigned long)p->addr;
330 ret = emulate_step(regs, insn);
332 regs->nip = (unsigned long)p->addr + 4;
335 static inline int post_kprobe_handler(struct pt_regs *regs)
337 struct kprobe *cur = kprobe_running();
338 struct kprobe_ctlblk *kcb = get_kprobe_ctlblk();
343 if ((kcb->kprobe_status != KPROBE_REENTER) && cur->post_handler) {
344 kcb->kprobe_status = KPROBE_HIT_SSDONE;
345 cur->post_handler(cur, regs, 0);
348 resume_execution(cur, regs);
349 regs->msr |= kcb->kprobe_saved_msr;
351 /*Restore back the original saved kprobes variables and continue. */
352 if (kcb->kprobe_status == KPROBE_REENTER) {
353 restore_previous_kprobe(kcb);
356 reset_current_kprobe();
358 preempt_enable_no_resched();
361 * if somebody else is singlestepping across a probe point, msr
362 * will have SE set, in which case, continue the remaining processing
363 * of do_debug, as if this is not a probe hit.
365 if (regs->msr & MSR_SE)
371 static inline int kprobe_fault_handler(struct pt_regs *regs, int trapnr)
373 struct kprobe *cur = kprobe_running();
374 struct kprobe_ctlblk *kcb = get_kprobe_ctlblk();
376 if (cur->fault_handler && cur->fault_handler(cur, regs, trapnr))
379 if (kcb->kprobe_status & KPROBE_HIT_SS) {
380 resume_execution(cur, regs);
381 regs->msr &= ~MSR_SE;
382 regs->msr |= kcb->kprobe_saved_msr;
384 reset_current_kprobe();
385 preempt_enable_no_resched();
391 * Wrapper routine to for handling exceptions.
393 int __kprobes kprobe_exceptions_notify(struct notifier_block *self,
394 unsigned long val, void *data)
396 struct die_args *args = (struct die_args *)data;
397 int ret = NOTIFY_DONE;
401 if (kprobe_handler(args->regs))
405 if (post_kprobe_handler(args->regs))
409 /* kprobe_running() needs smp_processor_id() */
411 if (kprobe_running() &&
412 kprobe_fault_handler(args->regs, args->trapnr))
422 int __kprobes setjmp_pre_handler(struct kprobe *p, struct pt_regs *regs)
424 struct jprobe *jp = container_of(p, struct jprobe, kp);
425 struct kprobe_ctlblk *kcb = get_kprobe_ctlblk();
427 memcpy(&kcb->jprobe_saved_regs, regs, sizeof(struct pt_regs));
429 /* setup return addr to the jprobe handler routine */
430 regs->nip = (unsigned long)(((func_descr_t *)jp->entry)->entry);
431 regs->gpr[2] = (unsigned long)(((func_descr_t *)jp->entry)->toc);
436 void __kprobes jprobe_return(void)
438 asm volatile("trap" ::: "memory");
441 void __kprobes jprobe_return_end(void)
445 int __kprobes longjmp_break_handler(struct kprobe *p, struct pt_regs *regs)
447 struct kprobe_ctlblk *kcb = get_kprobe_ctlblk();
450 * FIXME - we should ideally be validating that we got here 'cos
451 * of the "trap" in jprobe_return() above, before restoring the
454 memcpy(regs, &kcb->jprobe_saved_regs, sizeof(struct pt_regs));
455 preempt_enable_no_resched();
459 static struct kprobe trampoline_p = {
460 .addr = (kprobe_opcode_t *) &kretprobe_trampoline,
461 .pre_handler = trampoline_probe_handler
464 int __init arch_init_kprobes(void)
466 return register_kprobe(&trampoline_p);