2 * arch/s390/kernel/setup.c
5 * Copyright (C) IBM Corp. 1999,2010
6 * Author(s): Hartmut Penner (hp@de.ibm.com),
7 * Martin Schwidefsky (schwidefsky@de.ibm.com)
9 * Derived from "arch/i386/kernel/setup.c"
10 * Copyright (C) 1995, Linus Torvalds
14 * This file handles the architecture-dependent parts of initialization
17 #define KMSG_COMPONENT "setup"
18 #define pr_fmt(fmt) KMSG_COMPONENT ": " fmt
20 #include <linux/errno.h>
21 #include <linux/module.h>
22 #include <linux/sched.h>
23 #include <linux/kernel.h>
25 #include <linux/stddef.h>
26 #include <linux/unistd.h>
27 #include <linux/ptrace.h>
28 #include <linux/user.h>
29 #include <linux/tty.h>
30 #include <linux/ioport.h>
31 #include <linux/delay.h>
32 #include <linux/init.h>
33 #include <linux/initrd.h>
34 #include <linux/bootmem.h>
35 #include <linux/root_dev.h>
36 #include <linux/console.h>
37 #include <linux/kernel_stat.h>
38 #include <linux/device.h>
39 #include <linux/notifier.h>
40 #include <linux/pfn.h>
41 #include <linux/ctype.h>
42 #include <linux/reboot.h>
43 #include <linux/topology.h>
44 #include <linux/ftrace.h>
45 #include <linux/kexec.h>
46 #include <linux/crash_dump.h>
47 #include <linux/memory.h>
50 #include <asm/uaccess.h>
51 #include <asm/system.h>
53 #include <asm/mmu_context.h>
54 #include <asm/cpcmd.h>
55 #include <asm/lowcore.h>
58 #include <asm/ptrace.h>
59 #include <asm/sections.h>
60 #include <asm/ebcdic.h>
61 #include <asm/compat.h>
62 #include <asm/kvm_virtio.h>
65 long psw_kernel_bits = PSW_DEFAULT_KEY | PSW_MASK_BASE | PSW_ASC_PRIMARY |
66 PSW_MASK_EA | PSW_MASK_BA;
67 long psw_user_bits = PSW_MASK_DAT | PSW_MASK_IO | PSW_MASK_EXT |
68 PSW_DEFAULT_KEY | PSW_MASK_BASE | PSW_MASK_MCHECK |
69 PSW_MASK_PSTATE | PSW_ASC_HOME;
72 * User copy operations.
74 struct uaccess_ops uaccess;
75 EXPORT_SYMBOL(uaccess);
80 unsigned int console_mode = 0;
81 EXPORT_SYMBOL(console_mode);
83 unsigned int console_devno = -1;
84 EXPORT_SYMBOL(console_devno);
86 unsigned int console_irq = -1;
87 EXPORT_SYMBOL(console_irq);
89 unsigned long elf_hwcap = 0;
90 char elf_platform[ELF_PLATFORM_SIZE];
92 struct mem_chunk __initdata memory_chunk[MEMORY_CHUNKS];
94 int __initdata memory_end_set;
95 unsigned long __initdata memory_end;
97 unsigned long VMALLOC_START;
98 EXPORT_SYMBOL(VMALLOC_START);
100 unsigned long VMALLOC_END;
101 EXPORT_SYMBOL(VMALLOC_END);
103 struct page *vmemmap;
104 EXPORT_SYMBOL(vmemmap);
106 /* An array with a pointer to the lowcore of every CPU. */
107 struct _lowcore *lowcore_ptr[NR_CPUS];
108 EXPORT_SYMBOL(lowcore_ptr);
111 * This is set up by the setup-routine at boot-time
112 * for S390 need to find out, what we have to setup
113 * using address 0x10400 ...
116 #include <asm/setup.h>
119 * condev= and conmode= setup parameter.
122 static int __init condev_setup(char *str)
126 vdev = simple_strtoul(str, &str, 0);
127 if (vdev >= 0 && vdev < 65536) {
128 console_devno = vdev;
134 __setup("condev=", condev_setup);
136 static void __init set_preferred_console(void)
139 add_preferred_console("hvc", 0, NULL);
140 else if (CONSOLE_IS_3215 || CONSOLE_IS_SCLP)
141 add_preferred_console("ttyS", 0, NULL);
142 else if (CONSOLE_IS_3270)
143 add_preferred_console("tty3270", 0, NULL);
146 static int __init conmode_setup(char *str)
148 #if defined(CONFIG_SCLP_CONSOLE) || defined(CONFIG_SCLP_VT220_CONSOLE)
149 if (strncmp(str, "hwc", 4) == 0 || strncmp(str, "sclp", 5) == 0)
152 #if defined(CONFIG_TN3215_CONSOLE)
153 if (strncmp(str, "3215", 5) == 0)
156 #if defined(CONFIG_TN3270_CONSOLE)
157 if (strncmp(str, "3270", 5) == 0)
160 set_preferred_console();
164 __setup("conmode=", conmode_setup);
166 static void __init conmode_default(void)
168 char query_buffer[1024];
172 cpcmd("QUERY CONSOLE", query_buffer, 1024, NULL);
173 console_devno = simple_strtoul(query_buffer + 5, NULL, 16);
174 ptr = strstr(query_buffer, "SUBCHANNEL =");
175 console_irq = simple_strtoul(ptr + 13, NULL, 16);
176 cpcmd("QUERY TERM", query_buffer, 1024, NULL);
177 ptr = strstr(query_buffer, "CONMODE");
179 * Set the conmode to 3215 so that the device recognition
180 * will set the cu_type of the console to 3215. If the
181 * conmode is 3270 and we don't set it back then both
182 * 3215 and the 3270 driver will try to access the console
183 * device (3215 as console and 3270 as normal tty).
185 cpcmd("TERM CONMODE 3215", NULL, 0, NULL);
187 #if defined(CONFIG_SCLP_CONSOLE) || defined(CONFIG_SCLP_VT220_CONSOLE)
192 if (strncmp(ptr + 8, "3270", 4) == 0) {
193 #if defined(CONFIG_TN3270_CONSOLE)
195 #elif defined(CONFIG_TN3215_CONSOLE)
197 #elif defined(CONFIG_SCLP_CONSOLE) || defined(CONFIG_SCLP_VT220_CONSOLE)
200 } else if (strncmp(ptr + 8, "3215", 4) == 0) {
201 #if defined(CONFIG_TN3215_CONSOLE)
203 #elif defined(CONFIG_TN3270_CONSOLE)
205 #elif defined(CONFIG_SCLP_CONSOLE) || defined(CONFIG_SCLP_VT220_CONSOLE)
210 #if defined(CONFIG_SCLP_CONSOLE) || defined(CONFIG_SCLP_VT220_CONSOLE)
216 #ifdef CONFIG_ZFCPDUMP
217 static void __init setup_zfcpdump(unsigned int console_devno)
221 if (ipl_info.type != IPL_TYPE_FCP_DUMP)
225 if (console_devno != -1)
226 sprintf(str, " cio_ignore=all,!0.0.%04x,!0.0.%04x",
227 ipl_info.data.fcp.dev_id.devno, console_devno);
229 sprintf(str, " cio_ignore=all,!0.0.%04x",
230 ipl_info.data.fcp.dev_id.devno);
231 strcat(boot_command_line, str);
232 console_loglevel = 2;
235 static inline void setup_zfcpdump(unsigned int console_devno) {}
236 #endif /* CONFIG_ZFCPDUMP */
239 * Reboot, halt and power_off stubs. They just call _machine_restart,
240 * _machine_halt or _machine_power_off.
243 void machine_restart(char *command)
245 if ((!in_interrupt() && !in_atomic()) || oops_in_progress)
247 * Only unblank the console if we are called in enabled
248 * context or a bust_spinlocks cleared the way for us.
251 _machine_restart(command);
254 void machine_halt(void)
256 if (!in_interrupt() || oops_in_progress)
258 * Only unblank the console if we are called in enabled
259 * context or a bust_spinlocks cleared the way for us.
265 void machine_power_off(void)
267 if (!in_interrupt() || oops_in_progress)
269 * Only unblank the console if we are called in enabled
270 * context or a bust_spinlocks cleared the way for us.
273 _machine_power_off();
277 * Dummy power off function.
279 void (*pm_power_off)(void) = machine_power_off;
281 static int __init early_parse_mem(char *p)
283 memory_end = memparse(p, &p);
287 early_param("mem", early_parse_mem);
289 static int __init parse_vmalloc(char *arg)
293 VMALLOC_END = (memparse(arg, &arg) + PAGE_SIZE - 1) & PAGE_MASK;
296 early_param("vmalloc", parse_vmalloc);
298 unsigned int user_mode = HOME_SPACE_MODE;
299 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(user_mode);
301 static int set_amode_primary(void)
303 psw_kernel_bits = (psw_kernel_bits & ~PSW_MASK_ASC) | PSW_ASC_HOME;
304 psw_user_bits = (psw_user_bits & ~PSW_MASK_ASC) | PSW_ASC_PRIMARY;
307 (psw32_user_bits & ~PSW32_MASK_ASC) | PSW32_ASC_PRIMARY;
310 if (MACHINE_HAS_MVCOS) {
311 memcpy(&uaccess, &uaccess_mvcos_switch, sizeof(uaccess));
314 memcpy(&uaccess, &uaccess_pt, sizeof(uaccess));
320 * Switch kernel/user addressing modes?
322 static int __init early_parse_switch_amode(char *p)
324 user_mode = PRIMARY_SPACE_MODE;
327 early_param("switch_amode", early_parse_switch_amode);
329 static int __init early_parse_user_mode(char *p)
331 if (p && strcmp(p, "primary") == 0)
332 user_mode = PRIMARY_SPACE_MODE;
333 else if (!p || strcmp(p, "home") == 0)
334 user_mode = HOME_SPACE_MODE;
339 early_param("user_mode", early_parse_user_mode);
341 static void setup_addressing_mode(void)
343 if (user_mode == PRIMARY_SPACE_MODE) {
344 if (set_amode_primary())
345 pr_info("Address spaces switched, "
346 "mvcos available\n");
348 pr_info("Address spaces switched, "
349 "mvcos not available\n");
359 * Setup lowcore for boot cpu
361 BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(struct _lowcore) != LC_PAGES * 4096);
362 lc = __alloc_bootmem_low(LC_PAGES * PAGE_SIZE, LC_PAGES * PAGE_SIZE, 0);
363 lc->restart_psw.mask = psw_kernel_bits;
364 lc->restart_psw.addr =
365 PSW_ADDR_AMODE | (unsigned long) psw_restart_int_handler;
366 lc->external_new_psw.mask = psw_kernel_bits |
367 PSW_MASK_DAT | PSW_MASK_MCHECK;
368 lc->external_new_psw.addr =
369 PSW_ADDR_AMODE | (unsigned long) ext_int_handler;
370 lc->svc_new_psw.mask = psw_kernel_bits |
371 PSW_MASK_DAT | PSW_MASK_IO | PSW_MASK_EXT | PSW_MASK_MCHECK;
372 lc->svc_new_psw.addr = PSW_ADDR_AMODE | (unsigned long) system_call;
373 lc->program_new_psw.mask = psw_kernel_bits |
374 PSW_MASK_DAT | PSW_MASK_MCHECK;
375 lc->program_new_psw.addr =
376 PSW_ADDR_AMODE | (unsigned long) pgm_check_handler;
377 lc->mcck_new_psw.mask = psw_kernel_bits;
378 lc->mcck_new_psw.addr =
379 PSW_ADDR_AMODE | (unsigned long) mcck_int_handler;
380 lc->io_new_psw.mask = psw_kernel_bits |
381 PSW_MASK_DAT | PSW_MASK_MCHECK;
382 lc->io_new_psw.addr = PSW_ADDR_AMODE | (unsigned long) io_int_handler;
383 lc->clock_comparator = -1ULL;
384 lc->kernel_stack = ((unsigned long) &init_thread_union) + THREAD_SIZE;
385 lc->async_stack = (unsigned long)
386 __alloc_bootmem(ASYNC_SIZE, ASYNC_SIZE, 0) + ASYNC_SIZE;
387 lc->panic_stack = (unsigned long)
388 __alloc_bootmem(PAGE_SIZE, PAGE_SIZE, 0) + PAGE_SIZE;
389 lc->current_task = (unsigned long) init_thread_union.thread_info.task;
390 lc->thread_info = (unsigned long) &init_thread_union;
391 lc->machine_flags = S390_lowcore.machine_flags;
392 lc->stfl_fac_list = S390_lowcore.stfl_fac_list;
393 memcpy(lc->stfle_fac_list, S390_lowcore.stfle_fac_list,
396 if (MACHINE_HAS_IEEE) {
397 lc->extended_save_area_addr = (__u32)
398 __alloc_bootmem_low(PAGE_SIZE, PAGE_SIZE, 0);
399 /* enable extended save area */
400 __ctl_set_bit(14, 29);
404 lc->vdso_per_cpu_data = (unsigned long) &lc->paste[0];
406 lc->sync_enter_timer = S390_lowcore.sync_enter_timer;
407 lc->async_enter_timer = S390_lowcore.async_enter_timer;
408 lc->exit_timer = S390_lowcore.exit_timer;
409 lc->user_timer = S390_lowcore.user_timer;
410 lc->system_timer = S390_lowcore.system_timer;
411 lc->steal_timer = S390_lowcore.steal_timer;
412 lc->last_update_timer = S390_lowcore.last_update_timer;
413 lc->last_update_clock = S390_lowcore.last_update_clock;
414 lc->ftrace_func = S390_lowcore.ftrace_func;
415 set_prefix((u32)(unsigned long) lc);
419 static struct resource code_resource = {
420 .name = "Kernel code",
421 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_MEM,
424 static struct resource data_resource = {
425 .name = "Kernel data",
426 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_MEM,
429 static struct resource bss_resource = {
430 .name = "Kernel bss",
431 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_MEM,
434 static struct resource __initdata *standard_resources[] = {
440 static void __init setup_resources(void)
442 struct resource *res, *std_res, *sub_res;
445 code_resource.start = (unsigned long) &_text;
446 code_resource.end = (unsigned long) &_etext - 1;
447 data_resource.start = (unsigned long) &_etext;
448 data_resource.end = (unsigned long) &_edata - 1;
449 bss_resource.start = (unsigned long) &__bss_start;
450 bss_resource.end = (unsigned long) &__bss_stop - 1;
452 for (i = 0; i < MEMORY_CHUNKS; i++) {
453 if (!memory_chunk[i].size)
455 if (memory_chunk[i].type == CHUNK_OLDMEM ||
456 memory_chunk[i].type == CHUNK_CRASHK)
458 res = alloc_bootmem_low(sizeof(*res));
459 res->flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_MEM;
460 switch (memory_chunk[i].type) {
461 case CHUNK_READ_WRITE:
463 res->name = "System RAM";
465 case CHUNK_READ_ONLY:
466 res->name = "System ROM";
467 res->flags |= IORESOURCE_READONLY;
470 res->name = "reserved";
472 res->start = memory_chunk[i].addr;
473 res->end = res->start + memory_chunk[i].size - 1;
474 request_resource(&iomem_resource, res);
476 for (j = 0; j < ARRAY_SIZE(standard_resources); j++) {
477 std_res = standard_resources[j];
478 if (std_res->start < res->start ||
479 std_res->start > res->end)
481 if (std_res->end > res->end) {
482 sub_res = alloc_bootmem_low(sizeof(*sub_res));
484 sub_res->end = res->end;
485 std_res->start = res->end + 1;
486 request_resource(res, sub_res);
488 request_resource(res, std_res);
494 unsigned long real_memory_size;
495 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(real_memory_size);
497 static void __init setup_memory_end(void)
499 unsigned long vmax, vmalloc_size, tmp;
503 #ifdef CONFIG_ZFCPDUMP
504 if (ipl_info.type == IPL_TYPE_FCP_DUMP && !OLDMEM_BASE) {
505 memory_end = ZFCPDUMP_HSA_SIZE;
509 real_memory_size = 0;
510 memory_end &= PAGE_MASK;
513 * Make sure all chunks are MAX_ORDER aligned so we don't need the
514 * extra checks that HOLES_IN_ZONE would require.
516 for (i = 0; i < MEMORY_CHUNKS; i++) {
517 unsigned long start, end;
518 struct mem_chunk *chunk;
521 chunk = &memory_chunk[i];
522 align = 1UL << (MAX_ORDER + PAGE_SHIFT - 1);
523 start = (chunk->addr + align - 1) & ~(align - 1);
524 end = (chunk->addr + chunk->size) & ~(align - 1);
526 memset(chunk, 0, sizeof(*chunk));
529 chunk->size = end - start;
531 real_memory_size = max(real_memory_size,
532 chunk->addr + chunk->size);
535 /* Choose kernel address space layout: 2, 3, or 4 levels. */
537 vmalloc_size = VMALLOC_END ?: 128UL << 30;
538 tmp = (memory_end ?: real_memory_size) / PAGE_SIZE;
539 tmp = tmp * (sizeof(struct page) + PAGE_SIZE) + vmalloc_size;
540 if (tmp <= (1UL << 42))
541 vmax = 1UL << 42; /* 3-level kernel page table */
543 vmax = 1UL << 53; /* 4-level kernel page table */
545 vmalloc_size = VMALLOC_END ?: 96UL << 20;
546 vmax = 1UL << 31; /* 2-level kernel page table */
548 /* vmalloc area is at the end of the kernel address space. */
550 VMALLOC_START = vmax - vmalloc_size;
552 /* Split remaining virtual space between 1:1 mapping & vmemmap array */
553 tmp = VMALLOC_START / (PAGE_SIZE + sizeof(struct page));
554 tmp = VMALLOC_START - tmp * sizeof(struct page);
555 tmp &= ~((vmax >> 11) - 1); /* align to page table level */
556 tmp = min(tmp, 1UL << MAX_PHYSMEM_BITS);
557 vmemmap = (struct page *) tmp;
559 /* Take care that memory_end is set and <= vmemmap */
560 memory_end = min(memory_end ?: real_memory_size, tmp);
562 /* Fixup memory chunk array to fit into 0..memory_end */
563 for (i = 0; i < MEMORY_CHUNKS; i++) {
564 struct mem_chunk *chunk = &memory_chunk[i];
566 if (chunk->addr >= memory_end) {
567 memset(chunk, 0, sizeof(*chunk));
570 if (chunk->addr + chunk->size > memory_end)
571 chunk->size = memory_end - chunk->addr;
575 void *restart_stack __attribute__((__section__(".data")));
578 * Setup new PSW and allocate stack for PSW restart interrupt
580 static void __init setup_restart_psw(void)
584 restart_stack = __alloc_bootmem(ASYNC_SIZE, ASYNC_SIZE, 0);
585 restart_stack += ASYNC_SIZE;
588 * Setup restart PSW for absolute zero lowcore. This is necesary
589 * if PSW restart is done on an offline CPU that has lowcore zero
591 psw.mask = PSW_DEFAULT_KEY | PSW_MASK_BASE | PSW_MASK_EA | PSW_MASK_BA;
592 psw.addr = PSW_ADDR_AMODE | (unsigned long) psw_restart_int_handler;
593 copy_to_absolute_zero(&S390_lowcore.restart_psw, &psw, sizeof(psw));
596 static void __init setup_vmcoreinfo(void)
599 unsigned long ptr = paddr_vmcoreinfo_note();
601 copy_to_absolute_zero(&S390_lowcore.vmcore_info, &ptr, sizeof(ptr));
605 #ifdef CONFIG_CRASH_DUMP
608 * Find suitable location for crashkernel memory
610 static unsigned long __init find_crash_base(unsigned long crash_size,
613 unsigned long crash_base;
614 struct mem_chunk *chunk;
617 if (memory_chunk[0].size < crash_size) {
618 *msg = "first memory chunk must be at least crashkernel size";
621 if (OLDMEM_BASE && crash_size == OLDMEM_SIZE)
624 for (i = MEMORY_CHUNKS - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
625 chunk = &memory_chunk[i];
626 if (chunk->size == 0)
628 if (chunk->type != CHUNK_READ_WRITE)
630 if (chunk->size < crash_size)
632 crash_base = (chunk->addr + chunk->size) - crash_size;
633 if (crash_base < crash_size)
635 if (crash_base < ZFCPDUMP_HSA_SIZE_MAX)
637 if (crash_base < (unsigned long) INITRD_START + INITRD_SIZE)
641 *msg = "no suitable area found";
646 * Check if crash_base and crash_size is valid
648 static int __init verify_crash_base(unsigned long crash_base,
649 unsigned long crash_size,
652 struct mem_chunk *chunk;
656 * Because we do the swap to zero, we must have at least 'crash_size'
657 * bytes free space before crash_base
659 if (crash_size > crash_base) {
660 *msg = "crashkernel offset must be greater than size";
664 /* First memory chunk must be at least crash_size */
665 if (memory_chunk[0].size < crash_size) {
666 *msg = "first memory chunk must be at least crashkernel size";
669 /* Check if we fit into the respective memory chunk */
670 for (i = 0; i < MEMORY_CHUNKS; i++) {
671 chunk = &memory_chunk[i];
672 if (chunk->size == 0)
674 if (crash_base < chunk->addr)
676 if (crash_base >= chunk->addr + chunk->size)
678 /* we have found the memory chunk */
679 if (crash_base + crash_size > chunk->addr + chunk->size) {
680 *msg = "selected memory chunk is too small for "
681 "crashkernel memory";
686 *msg = "invalid memory range specified";
691 * Reserve kdump memory by creating a memory hole in the mem_chunk array
693 static void __init reserve_kdump_bootmem(unsigned long addr, unsigned long size,
696 create_mem_hole(memory_chunk, addr, size, type);
700 * When kdump is enabled, we have to ensure that no memory from
701 * the area [0 - crashkernel memory size] and
702 * [crashk_res.start - crashk_res.end] is set offline.
704 static int kdump_mem_notifier(struct notifier_block *nb,
705 unsigned long action, void *data)
707 struct memory_notify *arg = data;
709 if (arg->start_pfn < PFN_DOWN(resource_size(&crashk_res)))
711 if (arg->start_pfn > PFN_DOWN(crashk_res.end))
713 if (arg->start_pfn + arg->nr_pages - 1 < PFN_DOWN(crashk_res.start))
718 static struct notifier_block kdump_mem_nb = {
719 .notifier_call = kdump_mem_notifier,
725 * Make sure that oldmem, where the dump is stored, is protected
727 static void reserve_oldmem(void)
729 #ifdef CONFIG_CRASH_DUMP
733 reserve_kdump_bootmem(OLDMEM_BASE, OLDMEM_SIZE, CHUNK_OLDMEM);
734 reserve_kdump_bootmem(OLDMEM_SIZE, memory_end - OLDMEM_SIZE,
736 if (OLDMEM_BASE + OLDMEM_SIZE == real_memory_size)
737 saved_max_pfn = PFN_DOWN(OLDMEM_BASE) - 1;
739 saved_max_pfn = PFN_DOWN(real_memory_size) - 1;
744 * Reserve memory for kdump kernel to be loaded with kexec
746 static void __init reserve_crashkernel(void)
748 #ifdef CONFIG_CRASH_DUMP
749 unsigned long long crash_base, crash_size;
753 rc = parse_crashkernel(boot_command_line, memory_end, &crash_size,
755 if (rc || crash_size == 0)
757 crash_base = ALIGN(crash_base, KEXEC_CRASH_MEM_ALIGN);
758 crash_size = ALIGN(crash_size, KEXEC_CRASH_MEM_ALIGN);
759 if (register_memory_notifier(&kdump_mem_nb))
762 crash_base = find_crash_base(crash_size, &msg);
764 pr_info("crashkernel reservation failed: %s\n", msg);
765 unregister_memory_notifier(&kdump_mem_nb);
768 if (verify_crash_base(crash_base, crash_size, &msg)) {
769 pr_info("crashkernel reservation failed: %s\n", msg);
770 unregister_memory_notifier(&kdump_mem_nb);
773 if (!OLDMEM_BASE && MACHINE_IS_VM)
774 diag10_range(PFN_DOWN(crash_base), PFN_DOWN(crash_size));
775 crashk_res.start = crash_base;
776 crashk_res.end = crash_base + crash_size - 1;
777 insert_resource(&iomem_resource, &crashk_res);
778 reserve_kdump_bootmem(crash_base, crash_size, CHUNK_CRASHK);
779 pr_info("Reserving %lluMB of memory at %lluMB "
780 "for crashkernel (System RAM: %luMB)\n",
781 crash_size >> 20, crash_base >> 20, memory_end >> 20);
788 unsigned long bootmap_size;
789 unsigned long start_pfn, end_pfn;
793 * partially used pages are not usable - thus
794 * we are rounding upwards:
796 start_pfn = PFN_UP(__pa(&_end));
797 end_pfn = max_pfn = PFN_DOWN(memory_end);
799 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
801 * Move the initrd in case the bitmap of the bootmem allocater
802 * would overwrite it.
805 if (INITRD_START && INITRD_SIZE) {
806 unsigned long bmap_size;
809 bmap_size = bootmem_bootmap_pages(end_pfn - start_pfn + 1);
810 bmap_size = PFN_PHYS(bmap_size);
812 if (PFN_PHYS(start_pfn) + bmap_size > INITRD_START) {
813 start = PFN_PHYS(start_pfn) + bmap_size + PAGE_SIZE;
815 #ifdef CONFIG_CRASH_DUMP
817 /* Move initrd behind kdump oldmem */
818 if (start + INITRD_SIZE > OLDMEM_BASE &&
819 start < OLDMEM_BASE + OLDMEM_SIZE)
820 start = OLDMEM_BASE + OLDMEM_SIZE;
823 if (start + INITRD_SIZE > memory_end) {
824 pr_err("initrd extends beyond end of "
825 "memory (0x%08lx > 0x%08lx) "
826 "disabling initrd\n",
827 start + INITRD_SIZE, memory_end);
828 INITRD_START = INITRD_SIZE = 0;
830 pr_info("Moving initrd (0x%08lx -> "
831 "0x%08lx, size: %ld)\n",
832 INITRD_START, start, INITRD_SIZE);
833 memmove((void *) start, (void *) INITRD_START,
835 INITRD_START = start;
842 * Initialize the boot-time allocator
844 bootmap_size = init_bootmem(start_pfn, end_pfn);
847 * Register RAM areas with the bootmem allocator.
850 for (i = 0; i < MEMORY_CHUNKS && memory_chunk[i].size > 0; i++) {
851 unsigned long start_chunk, end_chunk, pfn;
853 if (memory_chunk[i].type != CHUNK_READ_WRITE &&
854 memory_chunk[i].type != CHUNK_CRASHK)
856 start_chunk = PFN_DOWN(memory_chunk[i].addr);
857 end_chunk = start_chunk + PFN_DOWN(memory_chunk[i].size);
858 end_chunk = min(end_chunk, end_pfn);
859 if (start_chunk >= end_chunk)
861 add_active_range(0, start_chunk, end_chunk);
862 pfn = max(start_chunk, start_pfn);
863 for (; pfn < end_chunk; pfn++)
864 page_set_storage_key(PFN_PHYS(pfn),
865 PAGE_DEFAULT_KEY, 0);
868 psw_set_key(PAGE_DEFAULT_KEY);
870 free_bootmem_with_active_regions(0, max_pfn);
873 * Reserve memory used for lowcore/command line/kernel image.
875 reserve_bootmem(0, (unsigned long)_ehead, BOOTMEM_DEFAULT);
876 reserve_bootmem((unsigned long)_stext,
877 PFN_PHYS(start_pfn) - (unsigned long)_stext,
880 * Reserve the bootmem bitmap itself as well. We do this in two
881 * steps (first step was init_bootmem()) because this catches
882 * the (very unlikely) case of us accidentally initializing the
883 * bootmem allocator with an invalid RAM area.
885 reserve_bootmem(start_pfn << PAGE_SHIFT, bootmap_size,
888 #ifdef CONFIG_CRASH_DUMP
889 if (crashk_res.start)
890 reserve_bootmem(crashk_res.start,
891 crashk_res.end - crashk_res.start + 1,
893 if (is_kdump_kernel())
894 reserve_bootmem(elfcorehdr_addr - OLDMEM_BASE,
895 PAGE_ALIGN(elfcorehdr_size), BOOTMEM_DEFAULT);
897 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
898 if (INITRD_START && INITRD_SIZE) {
899 if (INITRD_START + INITRD_SIZE <= memory_end) {
900 reserve_bootmem(INITRD_START, INITRD_SIZE,
902 initrd_start = INITRD_START;
903 initrd_end = initrd_start + INITRD_SIZE;
905 pr_err("initrd extends beyond end of "
906 "memory (0x%08lx > 0x%08lx) "
907 "disabling initrd\n",
908 initrd_start + INITRD_SIZE, memory_end);
909 initrd_start = initrd_end = 0;
916 * Setup hardware capabilities.
918 static void __init setup_hwcaps(void)
920 static const int stfl_bits[6] = { 0, 2, 7, 17, 19, 21 };
925 * The store facility list bits numbers as found in the principles
926 * of operation are numbered with bit 1UL<<31 as number 0 to
927 * bit 1UL<<0 as number 31.
928 * Bit 0: instructions named N3, "backported" to esa-mode
929 * Bit 2: z/Architecture mode is active
930 * Bit 7: the store-facility-list-extended facility is installed
931 * Bit 17: the message-security assist is installed
932 * Bit 19: the long-displacement facility is installed
933 * Bit 21: the extended-immediate facility is installed
934 * Bit 22: extended-translation facility 3 is installed
935 * Bit 30: extended-translation facility 3 enhancement facility
936 * These get translated to:
937 * HWCAP_S390_ESAN3 bit 0, HWCAP_S390_ZARCH bit 1,
938 * HWCAP_S390_STFLE bit 2, HWCAP_S390_MSA bit 3,
939 * HWCAP_S390_LDISP bit 4, HWCAP_S390_EIMM bit 5 and
940 * HWCAP_S390_ETF3EH bit 8 (22 && 30).
942 for (i = 0; i < 6; i++)
943 if (test_facility(stfl_bits[i]))
944 elf_hwcap |= 1UL << i;
946 if (test_facility(22) && test_facility(30))
947 elf_hwcap |= HWCAP_S390_ETF3EH;
950 * Check for additional facilities with store-facility-list-extended.
951 * stfle stores doublewords (8 byte) with bit 1ULL<<63 as bit 0
952 * and 1ULL<<0 as bit 63. Bits 0-31 contain the same information
953 * as stored by stfl, bits 32-xxx contain additional facilities.
954 * How many facility words are stored depends on the number of
955 * doublewords passed to the instruction. The additional facilities
957 * Bit 42: decimal floating point facility is installed
958 * Bit 44: perform floating point operation facility is installed
960 * HWCAP_S390_DFP bit 6 (42 && 44).
962 if ((elf_hwcap & (1UL << 2)) && test_facility(42) && test_facility(44))
963 elf_hwcap |= HWCAP_S390_DFP;
966 * Huge page support HWCAP_S390_HPAGE is bit 7.
968 if (MACHINE_HAS_HPAGE)
969 elf_hwcap |= HWCAP_S390_HPAGE;
972 * 64-bit register support for 31-bit processes
973 * HWCAP_S390_HIGH_GPRS is bit 9.
975 elf_hwcap |= HWCAP_S390_HIGH_GPRS;
978 switch (cpu_id.machine) {
980 #if !defined(CONFIG_64BIT)
981 default: /* Use "g5" as default for 31 bit kernels. */
983 strcpy(elf_platform, "g5");
987 #if defined(CONFIG_64BIT)
988 default: /* Use "z900" as default for 64 bit kernels. */
990 strcpy(elf_platform, "z900");
994 strcpy(elf_platform, "z990");
998 strcpy(elf_platform, "z9-109");
1002 strcpy(elf_platform, "z10");
1006 strcpy(elf_platform, "z196");
1012 * Setup function called from init/main.c just after the banner
1017 setup_arch(char **cmdline_p)
1020 * print what head.S has found out about the machine
1022 #ifndef CONFIG_64BIT
1024 pr_info("Linux is running as a z/VM "
1025 "guest operating system in 31-bit mode\n");
1026 else if (MACHINE_IS_LPAR)
1027 pr_info("Linux is running natively in 31-bit mode\n");
1028 if (MACHINE_HAS_IEEE)
1029 pr_info("The hardware system has IEEE compatible "
1030 "floating point units\n");
1032 pr_info("The hardware system has no IEEE compatible "
1033 "floating point units\n");
1034 #else /* CONFIG_64BIT */
1036 pr_info("Linux is running as a z/VM "
1037 "guest operating system in 64-bit mode\n");
1038 else if (MACHINE_IS_KVM)
1039 pr_info("Linux is running under KVM in 64-bit mode\n");
1040 else if (MACHINE_IS_LPAR)
1041 pr_info("Linux is running natively in 64-bit mode\n");
1042 #endif /* CONFIG_64BIT */
1044 /* Have one command line that is parsed and saved in /proc/cmdline */
1045 /* boot_command_line has been already set up in early.c */
1046 *cmdline_p = boot_command_line;
1048 ROOT_DEV = Root_RAM0;
1050 init_mm.start_code = PAGE_OFFSET;
1051 init_mm.end_code = (unsigned long) &_etext;
1052 init_mm.end_data = (unsigned long) &_edata;
1053 init_mm.brk = (unsigned long) &_end;
1055 if (MACHINE_HAS_MVCOS)
1056 memcpy(&uaccess, &uaccess_mvcos, sizeof(uaccess));
1058 memcpy(&uaccess, &uaccess_std, sizeof(uaccess));
1060 parse_early_param();
1064 setup_addressing_mode();
1066 reserve_crashkernel();
1070 setup_restart_psw();
1074 s390_init_cpu_topology();
1077 * Setup capabilities (ELF_HWCAP & ELF_PLATFORM).
1082 * Create kernel page tables and switch to virtual addressing.
1086 /* Setup default console */
1088 set_preferred_console();
1090 /* Setup zfcpdump support */
1091 setup_zfcpdump(console_devno);