3 x86 function call convention, 64-bit:
4 -------------------------------------
5 arguments | callee-saved | extra caller-saved | return
6 [callee-clobbered] | | [callee-clobbered] |
7 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
8 rdi rsi rdx rcx r8-9 | rbx rbp [*] r12-15 | r10-11 | rax, rdx [**]
10 ( rsp is obviously invariant across normal function calls. (gcc can 'merge'
11 functions when it sees tail-call optimization possibilities) rflags is
12 clobbered. Leftover arguments are passed over the stack frame.)
14 [*] In the frame-pointers case rbp is fixed to the stack frame.
16 [**] for struct return values wider than 64 bits the return convention is a
17 bit more complex: up to 128 bits width we return small structures
18 straight in rax, rdx. For structures larger than that (3 words or
19 larger) the caller puts a pointer to an on-stack return struct
20 [allocated in the caller's stack frame] into the first argument - i.e.
21 into rdi. All other arguments shift up by one in this case.
22 Fortunately this case is rare in the kernel.
24 For 32-bit we have the following conventions - kernel is built with
25 -mregparm=3 and -freg-struct-return:
27 x86 function calling convention, 32-bit:
28 ----------------------------------------
29 arguments | callee-saved | extra caller-saved | return
30 [callee-clobbered] | | [callee-clobbered] |
31 -------------------------------------------------------------------------
32 eax edx ecx | ebx edi esi ebp [*] | <none> | eax, edx [**]
34 ( here too esp is obviously invariant across normal function calls. eflags
35 is clobbered. Leftover arguments are passed over the stack frame. )
37 [*] In the frame-pointers case ebp is fixed to the stack frame.
39 [**] We build with -freg-struct-return, which on 32-bit means similar
40 semantics as on 64-bit: edx can be used for a second return value
41 (i.e. covering integer and structure sizes up to 64 bits) - after that
42 it gets more complex and more expensive: 3-word or larger struct returns
43 get done in the caller's frame and the pointer to the return struct goes
44 into regparm0, i.e. eax - the other arguments shift up and the
45 function's register parameters degenerate to regparm=2 in essence.
51 * 64-bit system call stack frame layout defines and helpers,
62 /* arguments: interrupts/non tracing syscalls only save up to here: */
72 #define ORIG_RAX 120 /* + error_code */
73 /* end of arguments */
75 /* cpu exception frame or undefined in case of fast syscall: */
83 #define SWFRAME ORIG_RAX
85 .macro SAVE_ARGS addskip=0, norcx=0, nor891011=0
86 subq $9*8+\addskip, %rsp
87 CFI_ADJUST_CFA_OFFSET 9*8+\addskip
89 CFI_REL_OFFSET rdi, 8*8
91 CFI_REL_OFFSET rsi, 7*8
93 CFI_REL_OFFSET rdx, 6*8
97 CFI_REL_OFFSET rcx, 5*8
100 CFI_REL_OFFSET rax, 4*8
104 CFI_REL_OFFSET r8, 3*8
106 CFI_REL_OFFSET r9, 2*8
108 CFI_REL_OFFSET r10, 1*8
110 CFI_REL_OFFSET r11, 0*8
116 .macro RESTORE_ARGS skiprax=0, addskip=0, skiprcx=0, skipr11=0, \
117 skipr8910=0, skiprdx=0
151 .if ARG_SKIP+\addskip > 0
152 addq $ARG_SKIP+\addskip, %rsp
153 CFI_ADJUST_CFA_OFFSET -(ARG_SKIP+\addskip)
157 .macro LOAD_ARGS offset, skiprax=0
158 movq \offset(%rsp), %r11
159 movq \offset+8(%rsp), %r10
160 movq \offset+16(%rsp), %r9
161 movq \offset+24(%rsp), %r8
162 movq \offset+40(%rsp), %rcx
163 movq \offset+48(%rsp), %rdx
164 movq \offset+56(%rsp), %rsi
165 movq \offset+64(%rsp), %rdi
168 movq \offset+72(%rsp), %rax
172 #define REST_SKIP 6*8
175 subq $REST_SKIP, %rsp
176 CFI_ADJUST_CFA_OFFSET REST_SKIP
178 CFI_REL_OFFSET rbx, 5*8
180 CFI_REL_OFFSET rbp, 4*8
182 CFI_REL_OFFSET r12, 3*8
184 CFI_REL_OFFSET r13, 2*8
186 CFI_REL_OFFSET r14, 1*8
188 CFI_REL_OFFSET r15, 0*8
204 addq $REST_SKIP, %rsp
205 CFI_ADJUST_CFA_OFFSET -(REST_SKIP)
213 .macro RESTORE_ALL addskip=0
215 RESTORE_ARGS 0, \addskip