2 * drivers/base/dd.c - The core device/driver interactions.
4 * This file contains the (sometimes tricky) code that controls the
5 * interactions between devices and drivers, which primarily includes
6 * driver binding and unbinding.
8 * All of this code used to exist in drivers/base/bus.c, but was
9 * relocated to here in the name of compartmentalization (since it wasn't
10 * strictly code just for the 'struct bus_type'.
12 * Copyright (c) 2002-5 Patrick Mochel
13 * Copyright (c) 2002-3 Open Source Development Labs
14 * Copyright (c) 2007-2009 Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
15 * Copyright (c) 2007-2009 Novell Inc.
17 * This file is released under the GPLv2
20 #include <linux/device.h>
21 #include <linux/delay.h>
22 #include <linux/module.h>
23 #include <linux/kthread.h>
24 #include <linux/wait.h>
25 #include <linux/async.h>
26 #include <linux/pm_runtime.h>
27 #include <linux/pinctrl/devinfo.h>
30 #include "power/power.h"
33 * Deferred Probe infrastructure.
35 * Sometimes driver probe order matters, but the kernel doesn't always have
36 * dependency information which means some drivers will get probed before a
37 * resource it depends on is available. For example, an SDHCI driver may
38 * first need a GPIO line from an i2c GPIO controller before it can be
39 * initialized. If a required resource is not available yet, a driver can
40 * request probing to be deferred by returning -EPROBE_DEFER from its probe hook
42 * Deferred probe maintains two lists of devices, a pending list and an active
43 * list. A driver returning -EPROBE_DEFER causes the device to be added to the
44 * pending list. A successful driver probe will trigger moving all devices
45 * from the pending to the active list so that the workqueue will eventually
48 * The deferred_probe_mutex must be held any time the deferred_probe_*_list
49 * of the (struct device*)->p->deferred_probe pointers are manipulated
51 static DEFINE_MUTEX(deferred_probe_mutex);
52 static LIST_HEAD(deferred_probe_pending_list);
53 static LIST_HEAD(deferred_probe_active_list);
54 static struct workqueue_struct *deferred_wq;
57 * deferred_probe_work_func() - Retry probing devices in the active list.
59 static void deferred_probe_work_func(struct work_struct *work)
62 struct device_private *private;
64 * This block processes every device in the deferred 'active' list.
65 * Each device is removed from the active list and passed to
66 * bus_probe_device() to re-attempt the probe. The loop continues
67 * until every device in the active list is removed and retried.
69 * Note: Once the device is removed from the list and the mutex is
70 * released, it is possible for the device get freed by another thread
71 * and cause a illegal pointer dereference. This code uses
72 * get/put_device() to ensure the device structure cannot disappear
73 * from under our feet.
75 mutex_lock(&deferred_probe_mutex);
76 while (!list_empty(&deferred_probe_active_list)) {
77 private = list_first_entry(&deferred_probe_active_list,
78 typeof(*dev->p), deferred_probe);
79 dev = private->device;
80 list_del_init(&private->deferred_probe);
85 * Drop the mutex while probing each device; the probe path may
86 * manipulate the deferred list
88 mutex_unlock(&deferred_probe_mutex);
91 * Force the device to the end of the dpm_list since
92 * the PM code assumes that the order we add things to
93 * the list is a good order for suspend but deferred
94 * probe makes that very unsafe.
97 device_pm_move_last(dev);
100 dev_dbg(dev, "Retrying from deferred list\n");
101 bus_probe_device(dev);
103 mutex_lock(&deferred_probe_mutex);
107 mutex_unlock(&deferred_probe_mutex);
109 static DECLARE_WORK(deferred_probe_work, deferred_probe_work_func);
111 static void driver_deferred_probe_add(struct device *dev)
113 mutex_lock(&deferred_probe_mutex);
114 if (list_empty(&dev->p->deferred_probe)) {
115 dev_dbg(dev, "Added to deferred list\n");
116 list_add_tail(&dev->p->deferred_probe, &deferred_probe_pending_list);
118 mutex_unlock(&deferred_probe_mutex);
121 void driver_deferred_probe_del(struct device *dev)
123 mutex_lock(&deferred_probe_mutex);
124 if (!list_empty(&dev->p->deferred_probe)) {
125 dev_dbg(dev, "Removed from deferred list\n");
126 list_del_init(&dev->p->deferred_probe);
128 mutex_unlock(&deferred_probe_mutex);
131 static bool driver_deferred_probe_enable = false;
133 * driver_deferred_probe_trigger() - Kick off re-probing deferred devices
135 * This functions moves all devices from the pending list to the active
136 * list and schedules the deferred probe workqueue to process them. It
137 * should be called anytime a driver is successfully bound to a device.
139 static void driver_deferred_probe_trigger(void)
141 if (!driver_deferred_probe_enable)
145 * A successful probe means that all the devices in the pending list
146 * should be triggered to be reprobed. Move all the deferred devices
147 * into the active list so they can be retried by the workqueue
149 mutex_lock(&deferred_probe_mutex);
150 list_splice_tail_init(&deferred_probe_pending_list,
151 &deferred_probe_active_list);
152 mutex_unlock(&deferred_probe_mutex);
155 * Kick the re-probe thread. It may already be scheduled, but it is
156 * safe to kick it again.
158 queue_work(deferred_wq, &deferred_probe_work);
162 * deferred_probe_initcall() - Enable probing of deferred devices
164 * We don't want to get in the way when the bulk of drivers are getting probed.
165 * Instead, this initcall makes sure that deferred probing is delayed until
166 * late_initcall time.
168 static int deferred_probe_initcall(void)
170 deferred_wq = create_singlethread_workqueue("deferwq");
171 if (WARN_ON(!deferred_wq))
174 driver_deferred_probe_enable = true;
175 driver_deferred_probe_trigger();
176 /* Sort as many dependencies as possible before exiting initcalls */
177 flush_workqueue(deferred_wq);
180 late_initcall(deferred_probe_initcall);
182 static void driver_bound(struct device *dev)
184 if (klist_node_attached(&dev->p->knode_driver)) {
185 printk(KERN_WARNING "%s: device %s already bound\n",
186 __func__, kobject_name(&dev->kobj));
190 pr_debug("driver: '%s': %s: bound to device '%s'\n", dev_name(dev),
191 __func__, dev->driver->name);
193 klist_add_tail(&dev->p->knode_driver, &dev->driver->p->klist_devices);
196 * Make sure the device is no longer in one of the deferred lists and
197 * kick off retrying all pending devices
199 driver_deferred_probe_del(dev);
200 driver_deferred_probe_trigger();
203 blocking_notifier_call_chain(&dev->bus->p->bus_notifier,
204 BUS_NOTIFY_BOUND_DRIVER, dev);
207 static int driver_sysfs_add(struct device *dev)
212 blocking_notifier_call_chain(&dev->bus->p->bus_notifier,
213 BUS_NOTIFY_BIND_DRIVER, dev);
215 ret = sysfs_create_link(&dev->driver->p->kobj, &dev->kobj,
216 kobject_name(&dev->kobj));
218 ret = sysfs_create_link(&dev->kobj, &dev->driver->p->kobj,
221 sysfs_remove_link(&dev->driver->p->kobj,
222 kobject_name(&dev->kobj));
227 static void driver_sysfs_remove(struct device *dev)
229 struct device_driver *drv = dev->driver;
232 sysfs_remove_link(&drv->p->kobj, kobject_name(&dev->kobj));
233 sysfs_remove_link(&dev->kobj, "driver");
238 * device_bind_driver - bind a driver to one device.
241 * Allow manual attachment of a driver to a device.
242 * Caller must have already set @dev->driver.
244 * Note that this does not modify the bus reference count
245 * nor take the bus's rwsem. Please verify those are accounted
246 * for before calling this. (It is ok to call with no other effort
247 * from a driver's probe() method.)
249 * This function must be called with the device lock held.
251 int device_bind_driver(struct device *dev)
255 ret = driver_sysfs_add(dev);
260 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(device_bind_driver);
262 static atomic_t probe_count = ATOMIC_INIT(0);
263 static DECLARE_WAIT_QUEUE_HEAD(probe_waitqueue);
265 static int really_probe(struct device *dev, struct device_driver *drv)
269 atomic_inc(&probe_count);
270 pr_debug("bus: '%s': %s: probing driver %s with device %s\n",
271 drv->bus->name, __func__, drv->name, dev_name(dev));
272 WARN_ON(!list_empty(&dev->devres_head));
276 /* If using pinctrl, bind pins now before probing */
277 ret = pinctrl_bind_pins(dev);
281 if (driver_sysfs_add(dev)) {
282 printk(KERN_ERR "%s: driver_sysfs_add(%s) failed\n",
283 __func__, dev_name(dev));
287 if (dev->bus->probe) {
288 ret = dev->bus->probe(dev);
291 } else if (drv->probe) {
292 ret = drv->probe(dev);
299 pr_debug("bus: '%s': %s: bound device %s to driver %s\n",
300 drv->bus->name, __func__, dev_name(dev), drv->name);
304 devres_release_all(dev);
305 driver_sysfs_remove(dev);
307 dev_set_drvdata(dev, NULL);
309 if (ret == -EPROBE_DEFER) {
310 /* Driver requested deferred probing */
311 dev_info(dev, "Driver %s requests probe deferral\n", drv->name);
312 driver_deferred_probe_add(dev);
313 } else if (ret != -ENODEV && ret != -ENXIO) {
314 /* driver matched but the probe failed */
316 "%s: probe of %s failed with error %d\n",
317 drv->name, dev_name(dev), ret);
319 pr_debug("%s: probe of %s rejects match %d\n",
320 drv->name, dev_name(dev), ret);
323 * Ignore errors returned by ->probe so that the next driver can try
328 atomic_dec(&probe_count);
329 wake_up(&probe_waitqueue);
335 * Determine if the probe sequence is finished or not.
337 * Should somehow figure out how to use a semaphore, not an atomic variable...
339 int driver_probe_done(void)
341 pr_debug("%s: probe_count = %d\n", __func__,
342 atomic_read(&probe_count));
343 if (atomic_read(&probe_count))
349 * wait_for_device_probe
350 * Wait for device probing to be completed.
352 void wait_for_device_probe(void)
354 /* wait for the known devices to complete their probing */
355 wait_event(probe_waitqueue, atomic_read(&probe_count) == 0);
356 async_synchronize_full();
358 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(wait_for_device_probe);
361 * driver_probe_device - attempt to bind device & driver together
362 * @drv: driver to bind a device to
363 * @dev: device to try to bind to the driver
365 * This function returns -ENODEV if the device is not registered,
366 * 1 if the device is bound successfully and 0 otherwise.
368 * This function must be called with @dev lock held. When called for a
369 * USB interface, @dev->parent lock must be held as well.
371 int driver_probe_device(struct device_driver *drv, struct device *dev)
375 if (!device_is_registered(dev))
378 pr_debug("bus: '%s': %s: matched device %s with driver %s\n",
379 drv->bus->name, __func__, dev_name(dev), drv->name);
381 pm_runtime_barrier(dev);
382 ret = really_probe(dev, drv);
383 pm_runtime_idle(dev);
388 static int __device_attach(struct device_driver *drv, void *data)
390 struct device *dev = data;
392 if (!driver_match_device(drv, dev))
395 return driver_probe_device(drv, dev);
399 * device_attach - try to attach device to a driver.
402 * Walk the list of drivers that the bus has and call
403 * driver_probe_device() for each pair. If a compatible
404 * pair is found, break out and return.
406 * Returns 1 if the device was bound to a driver;
407 * 0 if no matching driver was found;
408 * -ENODEV if the device is not registered.
410 * When called for a USB interface, @dev->parent lock must be held.
412 int device_attach(struct device *dev)
418 if (klist_node_attached(&dev->p->knode_driver)) {
422 ret = device_bind_driver(dev);
430 ret = bus_for_each_drv(dev->bus, NULL, dev, __device_attach);
431 pm_runtime_idle(dev);
437 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(device_attach);
439 static int __driver_attach(struct device *dev, void *data)
441 struct device_driver *drv = data;
444 * Lock device and try to bind to it. We drop the error
445 * here and always return 0, because we need to keep trying
446 * to bind to devices and some drivers will return an error
447 * simply if it didn't support the device.
449 * driver_probe_device() will spit a warning if there
453 if (!driver_match_device(drv, dev))
456 if (dev->parent) /* Needed for USB */
457 device_lock(dev->parent);
460 driver_probe_device(drv, dev);
463 device_unlock(dev->parent);
469 * driver_attach - try to bind driver to devices.
472 * Walk the list of devices that the bus has on it and try to
473 * match the driver with each one. If driver_probe_device()
474 * returns 0 and the @dev->driver is set, we've found a
477 int driver_attach(struct device_driver *drv)
479 return bus_for_each_dev(drv->bus, NULL, drv, __driver_attach);
481 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(driver_attach);
484 * __device_release_driver() must be called with @dev lock held.
485 * When called for a USB interface, @dev->parent lock must be held as well.
487 static void __device_release_driver(struct device *dev)
489 struct device_driver *drv;
493 pm_runtime_get_sync(dev);
495 driver_sysfs_remove(dev);
498 blocking_notifier_call_chain(&dev->bus->p->bus_notifier,
499 BUS_NOTIFY_UNBIND_DRIVER,
502 pm_runtime_put_sync(dev);
504 if (dev->bus && dev->bus->remove)
505 dev->bus->remove(dev);
506 else if (drv->remove)
508 devres_release_all(dev);
510 dev_set_drvdata(dev, NULL);
511 klist_remove(&dev->p->knode_driver);
513 blocking_notifier_call_chain(&dev->bus->p->bus_notifier,
514 BUS_NOTIFY_UNBOUND_DRIVER,
521 * device_release_driver - manually detach device from driver.
524 * Manually detach device from driver.
525 * When called for a USB interface, @dev->parent lock must be held.
527 void device_release_driver(struct device *dev)
530 * If anyone calls device_release_driver() recursively from
531 * within their ->remove callback for the same device, they
532 * will deadlock right here.
535 __device_release_driver(dev);
538 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(device_release_driver);
541 * driver_detach - detach driver from all devices it controls.
544 void driver_detach(struct device_driver *drv)
546 struct device_private *dev_prv;
550 spin_lock(&drv->p->klist_devices.k_lock);
551 if (list_empty(&drv->p->klist_devices.k_list)) {
552 spin_unlock(&drv->p->klist_devices.k_lock);
555 dev_prv = list_entry(drv->p->klist_devices.k_list.prev,
556 struct device_private,
557 knode_driver.n_node);
558 dev = dev_prv->device;
560 spin_unlock(&drv->p->klist_devices.k_lock);
562 if (dev->parent) /* Needed for USB */
563 device_lock(dev->parent);
565 if (dev->driver == drv)
566 __device_release_driver(dev);
569 device_unlock(dev->parent);
575 * These exports can't be _GPL due to .h files using this within them, and it
576 * might break something that was previously working...
578 void *dev_get_drvdata(const struct device *dev)
581 return dev->p->driver_data;
584 EXPORT_SYMBOL(dev_get_drvdata);
586 int dev_set_drvdata(struct device *dev, void *data)
591 error = device_private_init(dev);
595 dev->p->driver_data = data;
598 EXPORT_SYMBOL(dev_set_drvdata);