2 * cpufreq driver for Enhanced SpeedStep, as found in Intel's Pentium
3 * M (part of the Centrino chipset).
5 * Since the original Pentium M, most new Intel CPUs support Enhanced
8 * Despite the "SpeedStep" in the name, this is almost entirely unlike
9 * traditional SpeedStep.
11 * Modelled on speedstep.c
13 * Copyright (C) 2003 Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@goop.org>
16 #include <linux/kernel.h>
17 #include <linux/module.h>
18 #include <linux/init.h>
19 #include <linux/cpufreq.h>
20 #include <linux/sched.h> /* current */
21 #include <linux/delay.h>
22 #include <linux/compiler.h>
23 #include <linux/gfp.h>
26 #include <asm/processor.h>
27 #include <asm/cpufeature.h>
28 #include <asm/cpu_device_id.h>
30 #define PFX "speedstep-centrino: "
31 #define MAINTAINER "cpufreq@vger.kernel.org"
33 #define INTEL_MSR_RANGE (0xffff)
37 __u8 x86; /* CPU family */
38 __u8 x86_model; /* model */
39 __u8 x86_mask; /* stepping */
51 static const struct cpu_id cpu_ids[] = {
52 [CPU_BANIAS] = { 6, 9, 5 },
53 [CPU_DOTHAN_A1] = { 6, 13, 1 },
54 [CPU_DOTHAN_A2] = { 6, 13, 2 },
55 [CPU_DOTHAN_B0] = { 6, 13, 6 },
56 [CPU_MP4HT_D0] = {15, 3, 4 },
57 [CPU_MP4HT_E0] = {15, 4, 1 },
59 #define N_IDS ARRAY_SIZE(cpu_ids)
63 const struct cpu_id *cpu_id;
64 const char *model_name;
65 unsigned max_freq; /* max clock in kHz */
67 struct cpufreq_frequency_table *op_points; /* clock/voltage pairs */
69 static int centrino_verify_cpu_id(const struct cpuinfo_x86 *c,
70 const struct cpu_id *x);
72 /* Operating points for current CPU */
73 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct cpu_model *, centrino_model);
74 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(const struct cpu_id *, centrino_cpu);
76 static struct cpufreq_driver centrino_driver;
78 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_SPEEDSTEP_CENTRINO_TABLE
80 /* Computes the correct form for IA32_PERF_CTL MSR for a particular
81 frequency/voltage operating point; frequency in MHz, volts in mV.
82 This is stored as "index" in the structure. */
85 .frequency = (mhz) * 1000, \
86 .index = (((mhz)/100) << 8) | ((mv - 700) / 16) \
90 * These voltage tables were derived from the Intel Pentium M
91 * datasheet, document 25261202.pdf, Table 5. I have verified they
92 * are consistent with my IBM ThinkPad X31, which has a 1.3GHz Pentium
96 /* Ultra Low Voltage Intel Pentium M processor 900MHz (Banias) */
97 static struct cpufreq_frequency_table banias_900[] =
102 { .frequency = CPUFREQ_TABLE_END }
105 /* Ultra Low Voltage Intel Pentium M processor 1000MHz (Banias) */
106 static struct cpufreq_frequency_table banias_1000[] =
112 { .frequency = CPUFREQ_TABLE_END }
115 /* Low Voltage Intel Pentium M processor 1.10GHz (Banias) */
116 static struct cpufreq_frequency_table banias_1100[] =
123 { .frequency = CPUFREQ_TABLE_END }
127 /* Low Voltage Intel Pentium M processor 1.20GHz (Banias) */
128 static struct cpufreq_frequency_table banias_1200[] =
136 { .frequency = CPUFREQ_TABLE_END }
139 /* Intel Pentium M processor 1.30GHz (Banias) */
140 static struct cpufreq_frequency_table banias_1300[] =
147 { .frequency = CPUFREQ_TABLE_END }
150 /* Intel Pentium M processor 1.40GHz (Banias) */
151 static struct cpufreq_frequency_table banias_1400[] =
158 { .frequency = CPUFREQ_TABLE_END }
161 /* Intel Pentium M processor 1.50GHz (Banias) */
162 static struct cpufreq_frequency_table banias_1500[] =
170 { .frequency = CPUFREQ_TABLE_END }
173 /* Intel Pentium M processor 1.60GHz (Banias) */
174 static struct cpufreq_frequency_table banias_1600[] =
182 { .frequency = CPUFREQ_TABLE_END }
185 /* Intel Pentium M processor 1.70GHz (Banias) */
186 static struct cpufreq_frequency_table banias_1700[] =
194 { .frequency = CPUFREQ_TABLE_END }
198 #define _BANIAS(cpuid, max, name) \
200 .model_name = "Intel(R) Pentium(R) M processor " name "MHz", \
201 .max_freq = (max)*1000, \
202 .op_points = banias_##max, \
204 #define BANIAS(max) _BANIAS(&cpu_ids[CPU_BANIAS], max, #max)
206 /* CPU models, their operating frequency range, and freq/voltage
208 static struct cpu_model models[] =
210 _BANIAS(&cpu_ids[CPU_BANIAS], 900, " 900"),
220 /* NULL model_name is a wildcard */
221 { &cpu_ids[CPU_DOTHAN_A1], NULL, 0, NULL },
222 { &cpu_ids[CPU_DOTHAN_A2], NULL, 0, NULL },
223 { &cpu_ids[CPU_DOTHAN_B0], NULL, 0, NULL },
224 { &cpu_ids[CPU_MP4HT_D0], NULL, 0, NULL },
225 { &cpu_ids[CPU_MP4HT_E0], NULL, 0, NULL },
232 static int centrino_cpu_init_table(struct cpufreq_policy *policy)
234 struct cpuinfo_x86 *cpu = &cpu_data(policy->cpu);
235 struct cpu_model *model;
237 for(model = models; model->cpu_id != NULL; model++)
238 if (centrino_verify_cpu_id(cpu, model->cpu_id) &&
239 (model->model_name == NULL ||
240 strcmp(cpu->x86_model_id, model->model_name) == 0))
243 if (model->cpu_id == NULL) {
244 /* No match at all */
245 pr_debug("no support for CPU model \"%s\": "
246 "send /proc/cpuinfo to " MAINTAINER "\n",
251 if (model->op_points == NULL) {
252 /* Matched a non-match */
253 pr_debug("no table support for CPU model \"%s\"\n",
255 pr_debug("try using the acpi-cpufreq driver\n");
259 per_cpu(centrino_model, policy->cpu) = model;
261 pr_debug("found \"%s\": max frequency: %dkHz\n",
262 model->model_name, model->max_freq);
268 static inline int centrino_cpu_init_table(struct cpufreq_policy *policy)
272 #endif /* CONFIG_X86_SPEEDSTEP_CENTRINO_TABLE */
274 static int centrino_verify_cpu_id(const struct cpuinfo_x86 *c,
275 const struct cpu_id *x)
277 if ((c->x86 == x->x86) &&
278 (c->x86_model == x->x86_model) &&
279 (c->x86_mask == x->x86_mask))
284 /* To be called only after centrino_model is initialized */
285 static unsigned extract_clock(unsigned msr, unsigned int cpu, int failsafe)
290 * Extract clock in kHz from PERF_CTL value
291 * for centrino, as some DSDTs are buggy.
292 * Ideally, this can be done using the acpi_data structure.
294 if ((per_cpu(centrino_cpu, cpu) == &cpu_ids[CPU_BANIAS]) ||
295 (per_cpu(centrino_cpu, cpu) == &cpu_ids[CPU_DOTHAN_A1]) ||
296 (per_cpu(centrino_cpu, cpu) == &cpu_ids[CPU_DOTHAN_B0])) {
297 msr = (msr >> 8) & 0xff;
301 if ((!per_cpu(centrino_model, cpu)) ||
302 (!per_cpu(centrino_model, cpu)->op_points))
307 per_cpu(centrino_model, cpu)->op_points[i].frequency
308 != CPUFREQ_TABLE_END;
310 if (msr == per_cpu(centrino_model, cpu)->op_points[i].index)
311 return per_cpu(centrino_model, cpu)->
312 op_points[i].frequency;
315 return per_cpu(centrino_model, cpu)->op_points[i-1].frequency;
320 /* Return the current CPU frequency in kHz */
321 static unsigned int get_cur_freq(unsigned int cpu)
326 rdmsr_on_cpu(cpu, MSR_IA32_PERF_STATUS, &l, &h);
327 clock_freq = extract_clock(l, cpu, 0);
329 if (unlikely(clock_freq == 0)) {
331 * On some CPUs, we can see transient MSR values (which are
332 * not present in _PSS), while CPU is doing some automatic
333 * P-state transition (like TM2). Get the last freq set
336 rdmsr_on_cpu(cpu, MSR_IA32_PERF_CTL, &l, &h);
337 clock_freq = extract_clock(l, cpu, 1);
343 static int centrino_cpu_init(struct cpufreq_policy *policy)
345 struct cpuinfo_x86 *cpu = &cpu_data(policy->cpu);
351 /* Only Intel makes Enhanced Speedstep-capable CPUs */
352 if (cpu->x86_vendor != X86_VENDOR_INTEL ||
353 !cpu_has(cpu, X86_FEATURE_EST))
356 if (cpu_has(cpu, X86_FEATURE_CONSTANT_TSC))
357 centrino_driver.flags |= CPUFREQ_CONST_LOOPS;
359 if (policy->cpu != 0)
362 for (i = 0; i < N_IDS; i++)
363 if (centrino_verify_cpu_id(cpu, &cpu_ids[i]))
367 per_cpu(centrino_cpu, policy->cpu) = &cpu_ids[i];
369 if (!per_cpu(centrino_cpu, policy->cpu)) {
370 pr_debug("found unsupported CPU with "
371 "Enhanced SpeedStep: send /proc/cpuinfo to "
376 if (centrino_cpu_init_table(policy)) {
380 /* Check to see if Enhanced SpeedStep is enabled, and try to
382 rdmsr(MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE, l, h);
384 if (!(l & MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE_ENHANCED_SPEEDSTEP)) {
385 l |= MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE_ENHANCED_SPEEDSTEP;
386 pr_debug("trying to enable Enhanced SpeedStep (%x)\n", l);
387 wrmsr(MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE, l, h);
389 /* check to see if it stuck */
390 rdmsr(MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE, l, h);
391 if (!(l & MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE_ENHANCED_SPEEDSTEP)) {
393 "couldn't enable Enhanced SpeedStep\n");
398 freq = get_cur_freq(policy->cpu);
399 policy->cpuinfo.transition_latency = 10000;
400 /* 10uS transition latency */
403 pr_debug("centrino_cpu_init: cur=%dkHz\n", policy->cur);
405 ret = cpufreq_frequency_table_cpuinfo(policy,
406 per_cpu(centrino_model, policy->cpu)->op_points);
410 cpufreq_frequency_table_get_attr(
411 per_cpu(centrino_model, policy->cpu)->op_points, policy->cpu);
416 static int centrino_cpu_exit(struct cpufreq_policy *policy)
418 unsigned int cpu = policy->cpu;
420 if (!per_cpu(centrino_model, cpu))
423 cpufreq_frequency_table_put_attr(cpu);
425 per_cpu(centrino_model, cpu) = NULL;
431 * centrino_verify - verifies a new CPUFreq policy
432 * @policy: new policy
434 * Limit must be within this model's frequency range at least one
437 static int centrino_verify (struct cpufreq_policy *policy)
439 return cpufreq_frequency_table_verify(policy,
440 per_cpu(centrino_model, policy->cpu)->op_points);
444 * centrino_setpolicy - set a new CPUFreq policy
445 * @policy: new policy
446 * @target_freq: the target frequency
447 * @relation: how that frequency relates to achieved frequency
448 * (CPUFREQ_RELATION_L or CPUFREQ_RELATION_H)
450 * Sets a new CPUFreq policy.
452 static int centrino_target (struct cpufreq_policy *policy,
453 unsigned int target_freq,
454 unsigned int relation)
456 unsigned int newstate = 0;
457 unsigned int msr, oldmsr = 0, h = 0, cpu = policy->cpu;
458 struct cpufreq_freqs freqs;
460 unsigned int j, k, first_cpu, tmp;
461 cpumask_var_t covered_cpus;
463 if (unlikely(!zalloc_cpumask_var(&covered_cpus, GFP_KERNEL)))
466 if (unlikely(per_cpu(centrino_model, cpu) == NULL)) {
471 if (unlikely(cpufreq_frequency_table_target(policy,
472 per_cpu(centrino_model, cpu)->op_points,
481 for_each_cpu(j, policy->cpus) {
484 /* cpufreq holds the hotplug lock, so we are safe here */
489 * Support for SMP systems.
490 * Make sure we are running on CPU that wants to change freq
492 if (policy->shared_type == CPUFREQ_SHARED_TYPE_ANY)
493 good_cpu = cpumask_any_and(policy->cpus,
498 if (good_cpu >= nr_cpu_ids) {
499 pr_debug("couldn't limit to CPUs in this domain\n");
502 /* We haven't started the transition yet. */
508 msr = per_cpu(centrino_model, cpu)->op_points[newstate].index;
511 rdmsr_on_cpu(good_cpu, MSR_IA32_PERF_CTL, &oldmsr, &h);
512 if (msr == (oldmsr & 0xffff)) {
513 pr_debug("no change needed - msr was and needs "
514 "to be %x\n", oldmsr);
519 freqs.old = extract_clock(oldmsr, cpu, 0);
520 freqs.new = extract_clock(msr, cpu, 0);
522 pr_debug("target=%dkHz old=%d new=%d msr=%04x\n",
523 target_freq, freqs.old, freqs.new, msr);
525 for_each_cpu(k, policy->cpus) {
529 cpufreq_notify_transition(&freqs,
534 /* all but 16 LSB are reserved, treat them with care */
540 wrmsr_on_cpu(good_cpu, MSR_IA32_PERF_CTL, oldmsr, h);
541 if (policy->shared_type == CPUFREQ_SHARED_TYPE_ANY)
544 cpumask_set_cpu(j, covered_cpus);
547 for_each_cpu(k, policy->cpus) {
551 cpufreq_notify_transition(&freqs, CPUFREQ_POSTCHANGE);
554 if (unlikely(retval)) {
556 * We have failed halfway through the frequency change.
557 * We have sent callbacks to policy->cpus and
558 * MSRs have already been written on coverd_cpus.
562 for_each_cpu(j, covered_cpus)
563 wrmsr_on_cpu(j, MSR_IA32_PERF_CTL, oldmsr, h);
566 freqs.new = freqs.old;
568 for_each_cpu(j, policy->cpus) {
571 cpufreq_notify_transition(&freqs, CPUFREQ_PRECHANGE);
572 cpufreq_notify_transition(&freqs, CPUFREQ_POSTCHANGE);
578 free_cpumask_var(covered_cpus);
582 static struct freq_attr* centrino_attr[] = {
583 &cpufreq_freq_attr_scaling_available_freqs,
587 static struct cpufreq_driver centrino_driver = {
588 .name = "centrino", /* should be speedstep-centrino,
589 but there's a 16 char limit */
590 .init = centrino_cpu_init,
591 .exit = centrino_cpu_exit,
592 .verify = centrino_verify,
593 .target = centrino_target,
595 .attr = centrino_attr,
596 .owner = THIS_MODULE,
600 * This doesn't replace the detailed checks above because
601 * the generic CPU IDs don't have a way to match for steppings
602 * or ASCII model IDs.
604 static const struct x86_cpu_id centrino_ids[] = {
605 { X86_VENDOR_INTEL, 6, 9, X86_FEATURE_EST },
606 { X86_VENDOR_INTEL, 6, 13, X86_FEATURE_EST },
607 { X86_VENDOR_INTEL, 6, 13, X86_FEATURE_EST },
608 { X86_VENDOR_INTEL, 6, 13, X86_FEATURE_EST },
609 { X86_VENDOR_INTEL, 15, 3, X86_FEATURE_EST },
610 { X86_VENDOR_INTEL, 15, 4, X86_FEATURE_EST },
614 /* Autoload or not? Do not for now. */
615 MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(x86cpu, centrino_ids);
619 * centrino_init - initializes the Enhanced SpeedStep CPUFreq driver
621 * Initializes the Enhanced SpeedStep support. Returns -ENODEV on
622 * unsupported devices, -ENOENT if there's no voltage table for this
623 * particular CPU model, -EINVAL on problems during initiatization,
624 * and zero on success.
626 * This is quite picky. Not only does the CPU have to advertise the
627 * "est" flag in the cpuid capability flags, we look for a specific
628 * CPU model and stepping, and we need to have the exact model name in
629 * our voltage tables. That is, be paranoid about not releasing
630 * someone's valuable magic smoke.
632 static int __init centrino_init(void)
634 if (!x86_match_cpu(centrino_ids))
636 return cpufreq_register_driver(¢rino_driver);
639 static void __exit centrino_exit(void)
641 cpufreq_unregister_driver(¢rino_driver);
644 MODULE_AUTHOR ("Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@goop.org>");
645 MODULE_DESCRIPTION ("Enhanced SpeedStep driver for Intel Pentium M processors.");
646 MODULE_LICENSE ("GPL");
648 late_initcall(centrino_init);
649 module_exit(centrino_exit);