2 * Copyright (C) 1994-1998 Linus Torvalds & authors (see below)
3 * Copyright (C) 1998-2002 Linux ATA Development
4 * Andre Hedrick <andre@linux-ide.org>
5 * Copyright (C) 2003 Red Hat
6 * Copyright (C) 2003-2005, 2007 Bartlomiej Zolnierkiewicz
10 * Mostly written by Mark Lord <mlord@pobox.com>
11 * and Gadi Oxman <gadio@netvision.net.il>
12 * and Andre Hedrick <andre@linux-ide.org>
14 * This is the IDE/ATA disk driver, as evolved from hd.c and ide.c.
17 #include <linux/types.h>
18 #include <linux/string.h>
19 #include <linux/kernel.h>
20 #include <linux/timer.h>
22 #include <linux/interrupt.h>
23 #include <linux/major.h>
24 #include <linux/errno.h>
25 #include <linux/genhd.h>
26 #include <linux/slab.h>
27 #include <linux/delay.h>
28 #include <linux/mutex.h>
29 #include <linux/leds.h>
30 #include <linux/ide.h>
32 #include <asm/byteorder.h>
34 #include <asm/uaccess.h>
36 #include <asm/div64.h>
40 static const u8 ide_rw_cmds[] = {
43 ATA_CMD_READ_MULTI_EXT,
44 ATA_CMD_WRITE_MULTI_EXT,
48 ATA_CMD_PIO_WRITE_EXT,
55 static void ide_tf_set_cmd(ide_drive_t *drive, struct ide_cmd *cmd, u8 dma)
57 u8 index, lba48, write;
59 lba48 = (cmd->tf_flags & IDE_TFLAG_LBA48) ? 2 : 0;
60 write = (cmd->tf_flags & IDE_TFLAG_WRITE) ? 1 : 0;
63 cmd->protocol = ATA_PROT_DMA;
66 cmd->protocol = ATA_PROT_PIO;
67 if (drive->mult_count) {
68 cmd->tf_flags |= IDE_TFLAG_MULTI_PIO;
74 cmd->tf.command = ide_rw_cmds[index + lba48 + write];
78 * __ide_do_rw_disk() issues READ and WRITE commands to a disk,
79 * using LBA if supported, or CHS otherwise, to address sectors.
81 static ide_startstop_t __ide_do_rw_disk(ide_drive_t *drive, struct request *rq,
84 ide_hwif_t *hwif = drive->hwif;
85 u16 nsectors = (u16)rq->nr_sectors;
86 u8 lba48 = !!(drive->dev_flags & IDE_DFLAG_LBA48);
87 u8 dma = !!(drive->dev_flags & IDE_DFLAG_USING_DMA);
89 struct ide_taskfile *tf = &cmd.tf;
92 if ((hwif->host_flags & IDE_HFLAG_NO_LBA48_DMA) && lba48 && dma) {
93 if (block + rq->nr_sectors > 1ULL << 28)
99 memset(&cmd, 0, sizeof(cmd));
100 cmd.valid.out.tf = IDE_VALID_OUT_TF | IDE_VALID_DEVICE;
101 cmd.valid.in.tf = IDE_VALID_IN_TF | IDE_VALID_DEVICE;
103 if (drive->dev_flags & IDE_DFLAG_LBA) {
105 pr_debug("%s: LBA=0x%012llx\n", drive->name,
106 (unsigned long long)block);
108 tf->nsect = nsectors & 0xff;
109 tf->lbal = (u8) block;
110 tf->lbam = (u8)(block >> 8);
111 tf->lbah = (u8)(block >> 16);
112 tf->device = ATA_LBA;
115 tf->nsect = (nsectors >> 8) & 0xff;
116 tf->lbal = (u8)(block >> 24);
117 if (sizeof(block) != 4) {
118 tf->lbam = (u8)((u64)block >> 32);
119 tf->lbah = (u8)((u64)block >> 40);
122 cmd.valid.out.hob = IDE_VALID_OUT_HOB;
123 cmd.valid.in.hob = IDE_VALID_IN_HOB;
124 cmd.tf_flags |= IDE_TFLAG_LBA48;
126 tf->nsect = nsectors & 0xff;
128 tf->lbam = block >>= 8;
129 tf->lbah = block >>= 8;
130 tf->device = ((block >> 8) & 0xf) | ATA_LBA;
133 unsigned int sect, head, cyl, track;
135 track = (int)block / drive->sect;
136 sect = (int)block % drive->sect + 1;
137 head = track % drive->head;
138 cyl = track / drive->head;
140 pr_debug("%s: CHS=%u/%u/%u\n", drive->name, cyl, head, sect);
142 tf->nsect = nsectors & 0xff;
149 cmd.tf_flags |= IDE_TFLAG_FS;
152 cmd.tf_flags |= IDE_TFLAG_WRITE;
154 ide_tf_set_cmd(drive, &cmd, dma);
158 ide_init_sg_cmd(&cmd, nsectors << 9);
159 ide_map_sg(drive, &cmd);
162 rc = do_rw_taskfile(drive, &cmd);
164 if (rc == ide_stopped && dma) {
165 /* fallback to PIO */
166 cmd.tf_flags |= IDE_TFLAG_DMA_PIO_FALLBACK;
167 ide_tf_set_cmd(drive, &cmd, 0);
168 ide_init_sg_cmd(&cmd, nsectors << 9);
169 rc = do_rw_taskfile(drive, &cmd);
176 * 268435455 == 137439 MB or 28bit limit
177 * 320173056 == 163929 MB or 48bit addressing
178 * 1073741822 == 549756 MB or 48bit addressing fake drive
181 static ide_startstop_t ide_do_rw_disk(ide_drive_t *drive, struct request *rq,
184 ide_hwif_t *hwif = drive->hwif;
186 BUG_ON(drive->dev_flags & IDE_DFLAG_BLOCKED);
188 if (!blk_fs_request(rq)) {
189 blk_dump_rq_flags(rq, "ide_do_rw_disk - bad command");
192 ide_complete_rq(drive, -EIO, ide_rq_bytes(rq));
196 ledtrig_ide_activity();
198 pr_debug("%s: %sing: block=%llu, sectors=%lu, buffer=0x%08lx\n",
199 drive->name, rq_data_dir(rq) == READ ? "read" : "writ",
200 (unsigned long long)block, rq->nr_sectors,
201 (unsigned long)rq->buffer);
204 hwif->rw_disk(drive, rq);
206 return __ide_do_rw_disk(drive, rq, block);
210 * Queries for true maximum capacity of the drive.
211 * Returns maximum LBA address (> 0) of the drive, 0 if failed.
213 static u64 idedisk_read_native_max_address(ide_drive_t *drive, int lba48)
216 struct ide_taskfile *tf = &cmd.tf;
219 memset(&cmd, 0, sizeof(cmd));
221 tf->command = ATA_CMD_READ_NATIVE_MAX_EXT;
223 tf->command = ATA_CMD_READ_NATIVE_MAX;
224 tf->device = ATA_LBA;
226 cmd.valid.out.tf = IDE_VALID_OUT_TF | IDE_VALID_DEVICE;
227 cmd.valid.in.tf = IDE_VALID_IN_TF | IDE_VALID_DEVICE;
229 cmd.valid.out.hob = IDE_VALID_OUT_HOB;
230 cmd.valid.in.hob = IDE_VALID_IN_HOB;
231 cmd.tf_flags = IDE_TFLAG_LBA48;
234 ide_no_data_taskfile(drive, &cmd);
236 /* if OK, compute maximum address value */
237 if (!(tf->status & ATA_ERR))
238 addr = ide_get_lba_addr(&cmd, lba48) + 1;
244 * Sets maximum virtual LBA address of the drive.
245 * Returns new maximum virtual LBA address (> 0) or 0 on failure.
247 static u64 idedisk_set_max_address(ide_drive_t *drive, u64 addr_req, int lba48)
250 struct ide_taskfile *tf = &cmd.tf;
255 memset(&cmd, 0, sizeof(cmd));
256 tf->lbal = (addr_req >> 0) & 0xff;
257 tf->lbam = (addr_req >>= 8) & 0xff;
258 tf->lbah = (addr_req >>= 8) & 0xff;
260 cmd.hob.lbal = (addr_req >>= 8) & 0xff;
261 cmd.hob.lbam = (addr_req >>= 8) & 0xff;
262 cmd.hob.lbah = (addr_req >>= 8) & 0xff;
263 tf->command = ATA_CMD_SET_MAX_EXT;
265 tf->device = (addr_req >>= 8) & 0x0f;
266 tf->command = ATA_CMD_SET_MAX;
268 tf->device |= ATA_LBA;
270 cmd.valid.out.tf = IDE_VALID_OUT_TF | IDE_VALID_DEVICE;
271 cmd.valid.in.tf = IDE_VALID_IN_TF | IDE_VALID_DEVICE;
273 cmd.valid.out.hob = IDE_VALID_OUT_HOB;
274 cmd.valid.in.hob = IDE_VALID_IN_HOB;
275 cmd.tf_flags = IDE_TFLAG_LBA48;
278 ide_no_data_taskfile(drive, &cmd);
280 /* if OK, compute maximum address value */
281 if (!(tf->status & ATA_ERR))
282 addr_set = ide_get_lba_addr(&cmd, lba48) + 1;
287 static unsigned long long sectors_to_MB(unsigned long long n)
289 n <<= 9; /* make it bytes */
290 do_div(n, 1000000); /* make it MB */
295 * Some disks report total number of sectors instead of
296 * maximum sector address. We list them here.
298 static const struct drive_list_entry hpa_list[] = {
299 { "ST340823A", NULL },
300 { "ST320413A", NULL },
301 { "ST310211A", NULL },
305 static void idedisk_check_hpa(ide_drive_t *drive)
307 unsigned long long capacity, set_max;
308 int lba48 = ata_id_lba48_enabled(drive->id);
310 capacity = drive->capacity64;
312 set_max = idedisk_read_native_max_address(drive, lba48);
314 if (ide_in_drive_list(drive->id, hpa_list)) {
316 * Since we are inclusive wrt to firmware revisions do this
317 * extra check and apply the workaround only when needed.
319 if (set_max == capacity + 1)
323 if (set_max <= capacity)
326 printk(KERN_INFO "%s: Host Protected Area detected.\n"
327 "\tcurrent capacity is %llu sectors (%llu MB)\n"
328 "\tnative capacity is %llu sectors (%llu MB)\n",
330 capacity, sectors_to_MB(capacity),
331 set_max, sectors_to_MB(set_max));
333 set_max = idedisk_set_max_address(drive, set_max, lba48);
336 drive->capacity64 = set_max;
337 printk(KERN_INFO "%s: Host Protected Area disabled.\n",
342 static int ide_disk_get_capacity(ide_drive_t *drive)
347 if (ata_id_lba48_enabled(id)) {
348 /* drive speaks 48-bit LBA */
350 drive->capacity64 = ata_id_u64(id, ATA_ID_LBA_CAPACITY_2);
351 } else if (ata_id_has_lba(id) && ata_id_is_lba_capacity_ok(id)) {
352 /* drive speaks 28-bit LBA */
354 drive->capacity64 = ata_id_u32(id, ATA_ID_LBA_CAPACITY);
356 /* drive speaks boring old 28-bit CHS */
358 drive->capacity64 = drive->cyl * drive->head * drive->sect;
362 drive->dev_flags |= IDE_DFLAG_LBA;
365 * If this device supports the Host Protected Area feature set,
366 * then we may need to change our opinion about its capacity.
368 if (ata_id_hpa_enabled(id))
369 idedisk_check_hpa(drive);
372 /* limit drive capacity to 137GB if LBA48 cannot be used */
373 if ((drive->dev_flags & IDE_DFLAG_LBA48) == 0 &&
374 drive->capacity64 > 1ULL << 28) {
375 printk(KERN_WARNING "%s: cannot use LBA48 - full capacity "
376 "%llu sectors (%llu MB)\n",
377 drive->name, (unsigned long long)drive->capacity64,
378 sectors_to_MB(drive->capacity64));
379 drive->capacity64 = 1ULL << 28;
382 if ((drive->hwif->host_flags & IDE_HFLAG_NO_LBA48_DMA) &&
383 (drive->dev_flags & IDE_DFLAG_LBA48)) {
384 if (drive->capacity64 > 1ULL << 28) {
385 printk(KERN_INFO "%s: cannot use LBA48 DMA - PIO mode"
386 " will be used for accessing sectors "
387 "> %u\n", drive->name, 1 << 28);
389 drive->dev_flags &= ~IDE_DFLAG_LBA48;
395 static void idedisk_prepare_flush(struct request_queue *q, struct request *rq)
397 ide_drive_t *drive = q->queuedata;
398 struct ide_cmd *cmd = kmalloc(sizeof(*cmd), GFP_ATOMIC);
400 /* FIXME: map struct ide_taskfile on rq->cmd[] */
403 memset(cmd, 0, sizeof(*cmd));
404 if (ata_id_flush_ext_enabled(drive->id) &&
405 (drive->capacity64 >= (1UL << 28)))
406 cmd->tf.command = ATA_CMD_FLUSH_EXT;
408 cmd->tf.command = ATA_CMD_FLUSH;
409 cmd->valid.out.tf = IDE_VALID_OUT_TF | IDE_VALID_DEVICE;
410 cmd->tf_flags = IDE_TFLAG_DYN;
411 cmd->protocol = ATA_PROT_NODATA;
413 rq->cmd_type = REQ_TYPE_ATA_TASKFILE;
414 rq->cmd_flags |= REQ_SOFTBARRIER;
418 ide_devset_get(multcount, mult_count);
421 * This is tightly woven into the driver->do_special can not touch.
422 * DON'T do it again until a total personality rewrite is committed.
424 static int set_multcount(ide_drive_t *drive, int arg)
429 if (arg < 0 || arg > (drive->id[ATA_ID_MAX_MULTSECT] & 0xff))
432 if (drive->special.b.set_multmode)
435 rq = blk_get_request(drive->queue, READ, __GFP_WAIT);
436 rq->cmd_type = REQ_TYPE_ATA_TASKFILE;
438 drive->mult_req = arg;
439 drive->special.b.set_multmode = 1;
440 error = blk_execute_rq(drive->queue, NULL, rq, 0);
443 return (drive->mult_count == arg) ? 0 : -EIO;
446 ide_devset_get_flag(nowerr, IDE_DFLAG_NOWERR);
448 static int set_nowerr(ide_drive_t *drive, int arg)
450 if (arg < 0 || arg > 1)
454 drive->dev_flags |= IDE_DFLAG_NOWERR;
456 drive->dev_flags &= ~IDE_DFLAG_NOWERR;
458 drive->bad_wstat = arg ? BAD_R_STAT : BAD_W_STAT;
463 static int ide_do_setfeature(ide_drive_t *drive, u8 feature, u8 nsect)
467 memset(&cmd, 0, sizeof(cmd));
468 cmd.tf.feature = feature;
469 cmd.tf.nsect = nsect;
470 cmd.tf.command = ATA_CMD_SET_FEATURES;
471 cmd.valid.out.tf = IDE_VALID_OUT_TF | IDE_VALID_DEVICE;
472 cmd.valid.in.tf = IDE_VALID_IN_TF | IDE_VALID_DEVICE;
474 return ide_no_data_taskfile(drive, &cmd);
477 static void update_ordered(ide_drive_t *drive)
480 unsigned ordered = QUEUE_ORDERED_NONE;
481 prepare_flush_fn *prep_fn = NULL;
483 if (drive->dev_flags & IDE_DFLAG_WCACHE) {
484 unsigned long long capacity;
487 * We must avoid issuing commands a drive does not
488 * understand or we may crash it. We check flush cache
489 * is supported. We also check we have the LBA48 flush
490 * cache if the drive capacity is too large. By this
491 * time we have trimmed the drive capacity if LBA48 is
492 * not available so we don't need to recheck that.
494 capacity = ide_gd_capacity(drive);
495 barrier = ata_id_flush_enabled(id) &&
496 (drive->dev_flags & IDE_DFLAG_NOFLUSH) == 0 &&
497 ((drive->dev_flags & IDE_DFLAG_LBA48) == 0 ||
498 capacity <= (1ULL << 28) ||
499 ata_id_flush_ext_enabled(id));
501 printk(KERN_INFO "%s: cache flushes %ssupported\n",
502 drive->name, barrier ? "" : "not ");
505 ordered = QUEUE_ORDERED_DRAIN_FLUSH;
506 prep_fn = idedisk_prepare_flush;
509 ordered = QUEUE_ORDERED_DRAIN;
511 blk_queue_ordered(drive->queue, ordered, prep_fn);
514 ide_devset_get_flag(wcache, IDE_DFLAG_WCACHE);
516 static int set_wcache(ide_drive_t *drive, int arg)
520 if (arg < 0 || arg > 1)
523 if (ata_id_flush_enabled(drive->id)) {
524 err = ide_do_setfeature(drive,
525 arg ? SETFEATURES_WC_ON : SETFEATURES_WC_OFF, 0);
528 drive->dev_flags |= IDE_DFLAG_WCACHE;
530 drive->dev_flags &= ~IDE_DFLAG_WCACHE;
534 update_ordered(drive);
539 static int do_idedisk_flushcache(ide_drive_t *drive)
543 memset(&cmd, 0, sizeof(cmd));
544 if (ata_id_flush_ext_enabled(drive->id))
545 cmd.tf.command = ATA_CMD_FLUSH_EXT;
547 cmd.tf.command = ATA_CMD_FLUSH;
548 cmd.valid.out.tf = IDE_VALID_OUT_TF | IDE_VALID_DEVICE;
549 cmd.valid.in.tf = IDE_VALID_IN_TF | IDE_VALID_DEVICE;
551 return ide_no_data_taskfile(drive, &cmd);
554 ide_devset_get(acoustic, acoustic);
556 static int set_acoustic(ide_drive_t *drive, int arg)
558 if (arg < 0 || arg > 254)
561 ide_do_setfeature(drive,
562 arg ? SETFEATURES_AAM_ON : SETFEATURES_AAM_OFF, arg);
564 drive->acoustic = arg;
569 ide_devset_get_flag(addressing, IDE_DFLAG_LBA48);
575 * 2: 48-bit capable doing 28-bit
577 static int set_addressing(ide_drive_t *drive, int arg)
579 if (arg < 0 || arg > 2)
582 if (arg && ((drive->hwif->host_flags & IDE_HFLAG_NO_LBA48) ||
583 ata_id_lba48_enabled(drive->id) == 0))
590 drive->dev_flags |= IDE_DFLAG_LBA48;
592 drive->dev_flags &= ~IDE_DFLAG_LBA48;
597 ide_ext_devset_rw(acoustic, acoustic);
598 ide_ext_devset_rw(address, addressing);
599 ide_ext_devset_rw(multcount, multcount);
600 ide_ext_devset_rw(wcache, wcache);
602 ide_ext_devset_rw_sync(nowerr, nowerr);
604 static int ide_disk_check(ide_drive_t *drive, const char *s)
609 static void ide_disk_setup(ide_drive_t *drive)
611 struct ide_disk_obj *idkp = drive->driver_data;
612 struct request_queue *q = drive->queue;
613 ide_hwif_t *hwif = drive->hwif;
615 char *m = (char *)&id[ATA_ID_PROD];
616 unsigned long long capacity;
618 ide_proc_register_driver(drive, idkp->driver);
620 if ((drive->dev_flags & IDE_DFLAG_ID_READ) == 0)
623 if (drive->dev_flags & IDE_DFLAG_REMOVABLE) {
625 * Removable disks (eg. SYQUEST); ignore 'WD' drives
627 if (m[0] != 'W' || m[1] != 'D')
628 drive->dev_flags |= IDE_DFLAG_DOORLOCKING;
631 (void)set_addressing(drive, 1);
633 if (drive->dev_flags & IDE_DFLAG_LBA48) {
636 if (max_s > hwif->rqsize)
637 max_s = hwif->rqsize;
639 blk_queue_max_sectors(q, max_s);
642 printk(KERN_INFO "%s: max request size: %dKiB\n", drive->name,
645 if (ata_id_is_ssd(id))
646 queue_flag_set_unlocked(QUEUE_FLAG_NONROT, q);
648 /* calculate drive capacity, and select LBA if possible */
649 ide_disk_get_capacity(drive);
652 * if possible, give fdisk access to more of the drive,
653 * by correcting bios_cyls:
655 capacity = ide_gd_capacity(drive);
657 if ((drive->dev_flags & IDE_DFLAG_FORCED_GEOM) == 0) {
658 if (ata_id_lba48_enabled(drive->id)) {
660 drive->bios_sect = 63;
661 drive->bios_head = 255;
664 if (drive->bios_sect && drive->bios_head) {
665 unsigned int cap0 = capacity; /* truncate to 32 bits */
666 unsigned int cylsz, cyl;
668 if (cap0 != capacity)
669 drive->bios_cyl = 65535;
671 cylsz = drive->bios_sect * drive->bios_head;
675 if (cyl > drive->bios_cyl)
676 drive->bios_cyl = cyl;
680 printk(KERN_INFO "%s: %llu sectors (%llu MB)",
681 drive->name, capacity, sectors_to_MB(capacity));
683 /* Only print cache size when it was specified */
684 if (id[ATA_ID_BUF_SIZE])
685 printk(KERN_CONT " w/%dKiB Cache", id[ATA_ID_BUF_SIZE] / 2);
687 printk(KERN_CONT ", CHS=%d/%d/%d\n",
688 drive->bios_cyl, drive->bios_head, drive->bios_sect);
690 /* write cache enabled? */
691 if ((id[ATA_ID_CSFO] & 1) || ata_id_wcache_enabled(id))
692 drive->dev_flags |= IDE_DFLAG_WCACHE;
694 set_wcache(drive, 1);
696 if ((drive->dev_flags & IDE_DFLAG_LBA) == 0 &&
697 (drive->head == 0 || drive->head > 16)) {
698 printk(KERN_ERR "%s: invalid geometry: %d physical heads?\n",
699 drive->name, drive->head);
700 drive->dev_flags &= ~IDE_DFLAG_ATTACH;
702 drive->dev_flags |= IDE_DFLAG_ATTACH;
705 static void ide_disk_flush(ide_drive_t *drive)
707 if (ata_id_flush_enabled(drive->id) == 0 ||
708 (drive->dev_flags & IDE_DFLAG_WCACHE) == 0)
711 if (do_idedisk_flushcache(drive))
712 printk(KERN_INFO "%s: wcache flush failed!\n", drive->name);
715 static int ide_disk_init_media(ide_drive_t *drive, struct gendisk *disk)
720 static int ide_disk_set_doorlock(ide_drive_t *drive, struct gendisk *disk,
726 if ((drive->dev_flags & IDE_DFLAG_DOORLOCKING) == 0)
729 memset(&cmd, 0, sizeof(cmd));
730 cmd.tf.command = on ? ATA_CMD_MEDIA_LOCK : ATA_CMD_MEDIA_UNLOCK;
731 cmd.valid.out.tf = IDE_VALID_OUT_TF | IDE_VALID_DEVICE;
732 cmd.valid.in.tf = IDE_VALID_IN_TF | IDE_VALID_DEVICE;
734 ret = ide_no_data_taskfile(drive, &cmd);
737 drive->dev_flags &= ~IDE_DFLAG_DOORLOCKING;
742 const struct ide_disk_ops ide_ata_disk_ops = {
743 .check = ide_disk_check,
744 .get_capacity = ide_disk_get_capacity,
745 .setup = ide_disk_setup,
746 .flush = ide_disk_flush,
747 .init_media = ide_disk_init_media,
748 .set_doorlock = ide_disk_set_doorlock,
749 .do_request = ide_do_rw_disk,
750 .ioctl = ide_disk_ioctl,