2 * Direct MTD block device access
4 * Copyright © 1999-2010 David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
5 * Copyright © 2000-2003 Nicolas Pitre <nico@fluxnic.net>
7 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
8 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
9 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
10 * (at your option) any later version.
12 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
13 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
14 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
15 * GNU General Public License for more details.
17 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
18 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
19 * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
24 #include <linux/init.h>
25 #include <linux/kernel.h>
26 #include <linux/module.h>
27 #include <linux/sched.h>
28 #include <linux/slab.h>
29 #include <linux/types.h>
30 #include <linux/vmalloc.h>
32 #include <linux/mtd/mtd.h>
33 #include <linux/mtd/blktrans.h>
34 #include <linux/mutex.h>
38 struct mtd_blktrans_dev mbd;
40 struct mutex cache_mutex;
41 unsigned char *cache_data;
42 unsigned long cache_offset;
43 unsigned int cache_size;
44 enum { STATE_EMPTY, STATE_CLEAN, STATE_DIRTY } cache_state;
47 static DEFINE_MUTEX(mtdblks_lock);
52 * Since typical flash erasable sectors are much larger than what Linux's
53 * buffer cache can handle, we must implement read-modify-write on flash
54 * sectors for each block write requests. To avoid over-erasing flash sectors
55 * and to speed things up, we locally cache a whole flash sector while it is
56 * being written to until a different sector is required.
59 static void erase_callback(struct erase_info *done)
61 wait_queue_head_t *wait_q = (wait_queue_head_t *)done->priv;
65 static int erase_write (struct mtd_info *mtd, unsigned long pos,
66 int len, const char *buf)
68 struct erase_info erase;
69 DECLARE_WAITQUEUE(wait, current);
70 wait_queue_head_t wait_q;
75 * First, let's erase the flash block.
78 init_waitqueue_head(&wait_q);
80 erase.callback = erase_callback;
83 erase.priv = (u_long)&wait_q;
85 set_current_state(TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);
86 add_wait_queue(&wait_q, &wait);
88 ret = mtd_erase(mtd, &erase);
90 set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING);
91 remove_wait_queue(&wait_q, &wait);
92 printk (KERN_WARNING "mtdblock: erase of region [0x%lx, 0x%x] "
98 schedule(); /* Wait for erase to finish. */
99 remove_wait_queue(&wait_q, &wait);
102 * Next, write the data to flash.
105 ret = mtd_write(mtd, pos, len, &retlen, buf);
114 static int write_cached_data (struct mtdblk_dev *mtdblk)
116 struct mtd_info *mtd = mtdblk->mbd.mtd;
119 if (mtdblk->cache_state != STATE_DIRTY)
122 pr_debug("mtdblock: writing cached data for \"%s\" "
123 "at 0x%lx, size 0x%x\n", mtd->name,
124 mtdblk->cache_offset, mtdblk->cache_size);
126 ret = erase_write (mtd, mtdblk->cache_offset,
127 mtdblk->cache_size, mtdblk->cache_data);
132 * Here we could arguably set the cache state to STATE_CLEAN.
133 * However this could lead to inconsistency since we will not
134 * be notified if this content is altered on the flash by other
135 * means. Let's declare it empty and leave buffering tasks to
136 * the buffer cache instead.
138 mtdblk->cache_state = STATE_EMPTY;
143 static int do_cached_write (struct mtdblk_dev *mtdblk, unsigned long pos,
144 int len, const char *buf)
146 struct mtd_info *mtd = mtdblk->mbd.mtd;
147 unsigned int sect_size = mtdblk->cache_size;
151 pr_debug("mtdblock: write on \"%s\" at 0x%lx, size 0x%x\n",
152 mtd->name, pos, len);
155 return mtd_write(mtd, pos, len, &retlen, buf);
158 unsigned long sect_start = (pos/sect_size)*sect_size;
159 unsigned int offset = pos - sect_start;
160 unsigned int size = sect_size - offset;
164 if (size == sect_size) {
166 * We are covering a whole sector. Thus there is no
167 * need to bother with the cache while it may still be
168 * useful for other partial writes.
170 ret = erase_write (mtd, pos, size, buf);
174 /* Partial sector: need to use the cache */
176 if (mtdblk->cache_state == STATE_DIRTY &&
177 mtdblk->cache_offset != sect_start) {
178 ret = write_cached_data(mtdblk);
183 if (mtdblk->cache_state == STATE_EMPTY ||
184 mtdblk->cache_offset != sect_start) {
185 /* fill the cache with the current sector */
186 mtdblk->cache_state = STATE_EMPTY;
187 ret = mtd_read(mtd, sect_start, sect_size,
188 &retlen, mtdblk->cache_data);
191 if (retlen != sect_size)
194 mtdblk->cache_offset = sect_start;
195 mtdblk->cache_size = sect_size;
196 mtdblk->cache_state = STATE_CLEAN;
199 /* write data to our local cache */
200 memcpy (mtdblk->cache_data + offset, buf, size);
201 mtdblk->cache_state = STATE_DIRTY;
213 static int do_cached_read (struct mtdblk_dev *mtdblk, unsigned long pos,
216 struct mtd_info *mtd = mtdblk->mbd.mtd;
217 unsigned int sect_size = mtdblk->cache_size;
221 pr_debug("mtdblock: read on \"%s\" at 0x%lx, size 0x%x\n",
222 mtd->name, pos, len);
225 return mtd_read(mtd, pos, len, &retlen, buf);
228 unsigned long sect_start = (pos/sect_size)*sect_size;
229 unsigned int offset = pos - sect_start;
230 unsigned int size = sect_size - offset;
235 * Check if the requested data is already cached
236 * Read the requested amount of data from our internal cache if it
237 * contains what we want, otherwise we read the data directly
240 if (mtdblk->cache_state != STATE_EMPTY &&
241 mtdblk->cache_offset == sect_start) {
242 memcpy (buf, mtdblk->cache_data + offset, size);
244 ret = mtd_read(mtd, pos, size, &retlen, buf);
259 static int mtdblock_readsect(struct mtd_blktrans_dev *dev,
260 unsigned long block, char *buf)
262 struct mtdblk_dev *mtdblk = container_of(dev, struct mtdblk_dev, mbd);
263 return do_cached_read(mtdblk, block<<9, 512, buf);
266 static int mtdblock_writesect(struct mtd_blktrans_dev *dev,
267 unsigned long block, char *buf)
269 struct mtdblk_dev *mtdblk = container_of(dev, struct mtdblk_dev, mbd);
270 if (unlikely(!mtdblk->cache_data && mtdblk->cache_size)) {
271 mtdblk->cache_data = vmalloc(mtdblk->mbd.mtd->erasesize);
272 if (!mtdblk->cache_data)
274 /* -EINTR is not really correct, but it is the best match
275 * documented in man 2 write for all cases. We could also
276 * return -EAGAIN sometimes, but why bother?
279 return do_cached_write(mtdblk, block<<9, 512, buf);
282 static int mtdblock_open(struct mtd_blktrans_dev *mbd)
284 struct mtdblk_dev *mtdblk = container_of(mbd, struct mtdblk_dev, mbd);
286 pr_debug("mtdblock_open\n");
288 mutex_lock(&mtdblks_lock);
291 mutex_unlock(&mtdblks_lock);
295 /* OK, it's not open. Create cache info for it */
297 mutex_init(&mtdblk->cache_mutex);
298 mtdblk->cache_state = STATE_EMPTY;
299 if (!(mbd->mtd->flags & MTD_NO_ERASE) && mbd->mtd->erasesize) {
300 mtdblk->cache_size = mbd->mtd->erasesize;
301 mtdblk->cache_data = NULL;
304 mutex_unlock(&mtdblks_lock);
311 static int mtdblock_release(struct mtd_blktrans_dev *mbd)
313 struct mtdblk_dev *mtdblk = container_of(mbd, struct mtdblk_dev, mbd);
315 pr_debug("mtdblock_release\n");
317 mutex_lock(&mtdblks_lock);
319 mutex_lock(&mtdblk->cache_mutex);
320 write_cached_data(mtdblk);
321 mutex_unlock(&mtdblk->cache_mutex);
323 if (!--mtdblk->count) {
325 * It was the last usage. Free the cache, but only sync if
326 * opened for writing.
328 if (mbd->file_mode & FMODE_WRITE)
330 vfree(mtdblk->cache_data);
333 mutex_unlock(&mtdblks_lock);
340 static int mtdblock_flush(struct mtd_blktrans_dev *dev)
342 struct mtdblk_dev *mtdblk = container_of(dev, struct mtdblk_dev, mbd);
344 mutex_lock(&mtdblk->cache_mutex);
345 write_cached_data(mtdblk);
346 mutex_unlock(&mtdblk->cache_mutex);
351 static void mtdblock_add_mtd(struct mtd_blktrans_ops *tr, struct mtd_info *mtd)
353 struct mtdblk_dev *dev = kzalloc(sizeof(*dev), GFP_KERNEL);
359 dev->mbd.devnum = mtd->index;
361 dev->mbd.size = mtd->size >> 9;
364 if (!(mtd->flags & MTD_WRITEABLE))
365 dev->mbd.readonly = 1;
367 if (add_mtd_blktrans_dev(&dev->mbd))
371 static void mtdblock_remove_dev(struct mtd_blktrans_dev *dev)
373 del_mtd_blktrans_dev(dev);
376 static struct mtd_blktrans_ops mtdblock_tr = {
381 .open = mtdblock_open,
382 .flush = mtdblock_flush,
383 .release = mtdblock_release,
384 .readsect = mtdblock_readsect,
385 .writesect = mtdblock_writesect,
386 .add_mtd = mtdblock_add_mtd,
387 .remove_dev = mtdblock_remove_dev,
388 .owner = THIS_MODULE,
391 static int __init init_mtdblock(void)
393 return register_mtd_blktrans(&mtdblock_tr);
396 static void __exit cleanup_mtdblock(void)
398 deregister_mtd_blktrans(&mtdblock_tr);
401 module_init(init_mtdblock);
402 module_exit(cleanup_mtdblock);
405 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
406 MODULE_AUTHOR("Nicolas Pitre <nico@fluxnic.net> et al.");
407 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Caching read/erase/writeback block device emulation access to MTD devices");