2 * drivers/mtd/nand_bbt.c
5 * Bad block table support for the NAND driver
7 * Copyright (C) 2004 Thomas Gleixner (tglx@linutronix.de)
9 * $Id: nand_bbt.c,v 1.36 2005/11/07 11:14:30 gleixner Exp $
11 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
12 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
13 * published by the Free Software Foundation.
17 * When nand_scan_bbt is called, then it tries to find the bad block table
18 * depending on the options in the bbt descriptor(s). If a bbt is found
19 * then the contents are read and the memory based bbt is created. If a
20 * mirrored bbt is selected then the mirror is searched too and the
21 * versions are compared. If the mirror has a greater version number
22 * than the mirror bbt is used to build the memory based bbt.
23 * If the tables are not versioned, then we "or" the bad block information.
24 * If one of the bbt's is out of date or does not exist it is (re)created.
25 * If no bbt exists at all then the device is scanned for factory marked
26 * good / bad blocks and the bad block tables are created.
28 * For manufacturer created bbts like the one found on M-SYS DOC devices
29 * the bbt is searched and read but never created
31 * The autogenerated bad block table is located in the last good blocks
32 * of the device. The table is mirrored, so it can be updated eventually.
33 * The table is marked in the oob area with an ident pattern and a version
34 * number which indicates which of both tables is more up to date.
36 * The table uses 2 bits per block
38 * 00b: block is factory marked bad
39 * 01b, 10b: block is marked bad due to wear
41 * The memory bad block table uses the following scheme:
43 * 01b: block is marked bad due to wear
44 * 10b: block is reserved (to protect the bbt area)
45 * 11b: block is factory marked bad
47 * Multichip devices like DOC store the bad block info per floor.
49 * Following assumptions are made:
50 * - bbts start at a page boundary, if autolocated on a block boundary
51 * - the space necessary for a bbt in FLASH does not exceed a block boundary
57 #include <linux/mtd/compat.h>
58 #include <linux/mtd/mtd.h>
59 #include <linux/mtd/nand.h>
61 #include <asm/errno.h>
65 #include <linux/slab.h>
66 #include <linux/types.h>
67 #include <linux/mtd/mtd.h>
68 #include <linux/mtd/nand.h>
69 #include <linux/mtd/nand_ecc.h>
70 #include <linux/mtd/compatmac.h>
71 #include <linux/bitops.h>
72 #include <linux/delay.h>
73 #include <linux/vmalloc.h>
77 * check_pattern - [GENERIC] check if a pattern is in the buffer
78 * @buf: the buffer to search
79 * @len: the length of buffer to search
80 * @paglen: the pagelength
81 * @td: search pattern descriptor
83 * Check for a pattern at the given place. Used to search bad block
84 * tables and good / bad block identifiers.
85 * If the SCAN_EMPTY option is set then check, if all bytes except the
86 * pattern area contain 0xff
89 static int check_pattern(uint8_t *buf, int len, int paglen, struct nand_bbt_descr *td)
94 end = paglen + td->offs;
95 if (td->options & NAND_BBT_SCANEMPTY) {
96 for (i = 0; i < end; i++) {
103 /* Compare the pattern */
104 for (i = 0; i < td->len; i++) {
105 if (p[i] != td->pattern[i])
109 if (td->options & NAND_BBT_SCANEMPTY) {
112 for (i = end; i < len; i++) {
121 * check_short_pattern - [GENERIC] check if a pattern is in the buffer
122 * @buf: the buffer to search
123 * @td: search pattern descriptor
125 * Check for a pattern at the given place. Used to search bad block
126 * tables and good / bad block identifiers. Same as check_pattern, but
127 * no optional empty check
130 static int check_short_pattern(uint8_t *buf, struct nand_bbt_descr *td)
135 /* Compare the pattern */
136 for (i = 0; i < td->len; i++) {
137 if (p[td->offs + i] != td->pattern[i])
144 * read_bbt - [GENERIC] Read the bad block table starting from page
145 * @mtd: MTD device structure
146 * @buf: temporary buffer
147 * @page: the starting page
148 * @num: the number of bbt descriptors to read
149 * @bits: number of bits per block
150 * @offs: offset in the memory table
151 * @reserved_block_code: Pattern to identify reserved blocks
153 * Read the bad block table starting from page.
156 static int read_bbt(struct mtd_info *mtd, uint8_t *buf, int page, int num,
157 int bits, int offs, int reserved_block_code)
159 int res, i, j, act = 0;
160 struct nand_chip *this = mtd->priv;
161 size_t retlen, len, totlen;
163 uint8_t msk = (uint8_t) ((1 << bits) - 1);
165 totlen = (num * bits) >> 3;
166 from = ((loff_t) page) << this->page_shift;
169 len = min(totlen, (size_t) (1 << this->bbt_erase_shift));
170 res = mtd->read(mtd, from, len, &retlen, buf);
173 printk(KERN_INFO "nand_bbt: Error reading bad block table\n");
176 printk(KERN_WARNING "nand_bbt: ECC error while reading bad block table\n");
180 for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
181 uint8_t dat = buf[i];
182 for (j = 0; j < 8; j += bits, act += 2) {
183 uint8_t tmp = (dat >> j) & msk;
186 if (reserved_block_code && (tmp == reserved_block_code)) {
187 printk(KERN_DEBUG "nand_read_bbt: Reserved block at 0x%08x\n",
188 ((offs << 2) + (act >> 1)) << this->bbt_erase_shift);
189 this->bbt[offs + (act >> 3)] |= 0x2 << (act & 0x06);
190 mtd->ecc_stats.bbtblocks++;
193 /* Leave it for now, if its matured we can move this
194 * message to MTD_DEBUG_LEVEL0 */
195 printk(KERN_DEBUG "nand_read_bbt: Bad block at 0x%08x\n",
196 ((offs << 2) + (act >> 1)) << this->bbt_erase_shift);
197 /* Factory marked bad or worn out ? */
199 this->bbt[offs + (act >> 3)] |= 0x3 << (act & 0x06);
201 this->bbt[offs + (act >> 3)] |= 0x1 << (act & 0x06);
202 mtd->ecc_stats.badblocks++;
212 * read_abs_bbt - [GENERIC] Read the bad block table starting at a given page
213 * @mtd: MTD device structure
214 * @buf: temporary buffer
215 * @td: descriptor for the bad block table
216 * @chip: read the table for a specific chip, -1 read all chips.
217 * Applies only if NAND_BBT_PERCHIP option is set
219 * Read the bad block table for all chips starting at a given page
220 * We assume that the bbt bits are in consecutive order.
222 static int read_abs_bbt(struct mtd_info *mtd, uint8_t *buf, struct nand_bbt_descr *td, int chip)
224 struct nand_chip *this = mtd->priv;
228 bits = td->options & NAND_BBT_NRBITS_MSK;
229 if (td->options & NAND_BBT_PERCHIP) {
231 for (i = 0; i < this->numchips; i++) {
232 if (chip == -1 || chip == i)
233 res = read_bbt (mtd, buf, td->pages[i], this->chipsize >> this->bbt_erase_shift, bits, offs, td->reserved_block_code);
236 offs += this->chipsize >> (this->bbt_erase_shift + 2);
239 res = read_bbt (mtd, buf, td->pages[0], mtd->size >> this->bbt_erase_shift, bits, 0, td->reserved_block_code);
247 * Scan read raw data from flash
249 static int scan_read_raw(struct mtd_info *mtd, uint8_t *buf, loff_t offs,
252 struct mtd_oob_ops ops;
254 ops.mode = MTD_OOB_RAW;
256 ops.ooblen = mtd->oobsize;
261 return mtd->read_oob(mtd, offs, &ops);
265 * Scan write data with oob to flash
267 static int scan_write_bbt(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t offs, size_t len,
268 uint8_t *buf, uint8_t *oob)
270 struct mtd_oob_ops ops;
272 ops.mode = MTD_OOB_PLACE;
274 ops.ooblen = mtd->oobsize;
279 return mtd->write_oob(mtd, offs, &ops);
283 * read_abs_bbts - [GENERIC] Read the bad block table(s) for all chips starting at a given page
284 * @mtd: MTD device structure
285 * @buf: temporary buffer
286 * @td: descriptor for the bad block table
287 * @md: descriptor for the bad block table mirror
289 * Read the bad block table(s) for all chips starting at a given page
290 * We assume that the bbt bits are in consecutive order.
293 static int read_abs_bbts(struct mtd_info *mtd, uint8_t *buf,
294 struct nand_bbt_descr *td, struct nand_bbt_descr *md)
296 struct nand_chip *this = mtd->priv;
298 /* Read the primary version, if available */
299 if (td->options & NAND_BBT_VERSION) {
300 scan_read_raw(mtd, buf, td->pages[0] << this->page_shift,
302 td->version[0] = buf[mtd->writesize + td->veroffs];
303 printk(KERN_DEBUG "Bad block table at page %d, version 0x%02X\n",
304 td->pages[0], td->version[0]);
307 /* Read the mirror version, if available */
308 if (md && (md->options & NAND_BBT_VERSION)) {
309 scan_read_raw(mtd, buf, md->pages[0] << this->page_shift,
311 md->version[0] = buf[mtd->writesize + md->veroffs];
312 printk(KERN_DEBUG "Bad block table at page %d, version 0x%02X\n",
313 md->pages[0], md->version[0]);
319 * Scan a given block full
321 static int scan_block_full(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_bbt_descr *bd,
322 loff_t offs, uint8_t *buf, size_t readlen,
323 int scanlen, int len)
327 ret = scan_read_raw(mtd, buf, offs, readlen);
331 for (j = 0; j < len; j++, buf += scanlen) {
332 if (check_pattern(buf, scanlen, mtd->writesize, bd))
339 * Scan a given block partially
341 static int scan_block_fast(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_bbt_descr *bd,
342 loff_t offs, uint8_t *buf, int len)
344 struct mtd_oob_ops ops;
347 ops.ooblen = mtd->oobsize;
351 ops.mode = MTD_OOB_PLACE;
353 for (j = 0; j < len; j++) {
355 * Read the full oob until read_oob is fixed to
356 * handle single byte reads for 16 bit
359 ret = mtd->read_oob(mtd, offs, &ops);
363 if (check_short_pattern(buf, bd))
366 offs += mtd->writesize;
372 * create_bbt - [GENERIC] Create a bad block table by scanning the device
373 * @mtd: MTD device structure
374 * @buf: temporary buffer
375 * @bd: descriptor for the good/bad block search pattern
376 * @chip: create the table for a specific chip, -1 read all chips.
377 * Applies only if NAND_BBT_PERCHIP option is set
379 * Create a bad block table by scanning the device
380 * for the given good/bad block identify pattern
382 static int create_bbt(struct mtd_info *mtd, uint8_t *buf,
383 struct nand_bbt_descr *bd, int chip)
385 struct nand_chip *this = mtd->priv;
386 int i, numblocks, len, scanlen;
391 MTDDEBUG (MTD_DEBUG_LEVEL0, "Scanning device for bad blocks\n");
393 if (bd->options & NAND_BBT_SCANALLPAGES)
394 len = 1 << (this->bbt_erase_shift - this->page_shift);
396 if (bd->options & NAND_BBT_SCAN2NDPAGE)
402 if (!(bd->options & NAND_BBT_SCANEMPTY)) {
403 /* We need only read few bytes from the OOB area */
407 /* Full page content should be read */
408 scanlen = mtd->writesize + mtd->oobsize;
409 readlen = len * mtd->writesize;
413 /* Note that numblocks is 2 * (real numblocks) here, see i+=2
414 * below as it makes shifting and masking less painful */
415 numblocks = mtd->size >> (this->bbt_erase_shift - 1);
419 if (chip >= this->numchips) {
420 printk(KERN_WARNING "create_bbt(): chipnr (%d) > available chips (%d)\n",
421 chip + 1, this->numchips);
424 numblocks = this->chipsize >> (this->bbt_erase_shift - 1);
425 startblock = chip * numblocks;
426 numblocks += startblock;
427 from = startblock << (this->bbt_erase_shift - 1);
430 for (i = startblock; i < numblocks;) {
433 if (bd->options & NAND_BBT_SCANALLPAGES)
434 ret = scan_block_full(mtd, bd, from, buf, readlen,
437 ret = scan_block_fast(mtd, bd, from, buf, len);
443 this->bbt[i >> 3] |= 0x03 << (i & 0x6);
444 MTDDEBUG (MTD_DEBUG_LEVEL0,
445 "Bad eraseblock %d at 0x%08x\n",
446 i >> 1, (unsigned int)from);
447 mtd->ecc_stats.badblocks++;
451 from += (1 << this->bbt_erase_shift);
457 * search_bbt - [GENERIC] scan the device for a specific bad block table
458 * @mtd: MTD device structure
459 * @buf: temporary buffer
460 * @td: descriptor for the bad block table
462 * Read the bad block table by searching for a given ident pattern.
463 * Search is preformed either from the beginning up or from the end of
464 * the device downwards. The search starts always at the start of a
466 * If the option NAND_BBT_PERCHIP is given, each chip is searched
467 * for a bbt, which contains the bad block information of this chip.
468 * This is necessary to provide support for certain DOC devices.
470 * The bbt ident pattern resides in the oob area of the first page
473 static int search_bbt(struct mtd_info *mtd, uint8_t *buf, struct nand_bbt_descr *td)
475 struct nand_chip *this = mtd->priv;
477 int bits, startblock, block, dir;
478 int scanlen = mtd->writesize + mtd->oobsize;
480 int blocktopage = this->bbt_erase_shift - this->page_shift;
482 /* Search direction top -> down ? */
483 if (td->options & NAND_BBT_LASTBLOCK) {
484 startblock = (mtd->size >> this->bbt_erase_shift) - 1;
491 /* Do we have a bbt per chip ? */
492 if (td->options & NAND_BBT_PERCHIP) {
493 chips = this->numchips;
494 bbtblocks = this->chipsize >> this->bbt_erase_shift;
495 startblock &= bbtblocks - 1;
498 bbtblocks = mtd->size >> this->bbt_erase_shift;
501 /* Number of bits for each erase block in the bbt */
502 bits = td->options & NAND_BBT_NRBITS_MSK;
504 for (i = 0; i < chips; i++) {
505 /* Reset version information */
508 /* Scan the maximum number of blocks */
509 for (block = 0; block < td->maxblocks; block++) {
511 int actblock = startblock + dir * block;
512 loff_t offs = actblock << this->bbt_erase_shift;
514 /* Read first page */
515 scan_read_raw(mtd, buf, offs, mtd->writesize);
516 if (!check_pattern(buf, scanlen, mtd->writesize, td)) {
517 td->pages[i] = actblock << blocktopage;
518 if (td->options & NAND_BBT_VERSION) {
519 td->version[i] = buf[mtd->writesize + td->veroffs];
524 startblock += this->chipsize >> this->bbt_erase_shift;
526 /* Check, if we found a bbt for each requested chip */
527 for (i = 0; i < chips; i++) {
528 if (td->pages[i] == -1)
529 printk(KERN_WARNING "Bad block table not found for chip %d\n", i);
531 printk(KERN_DEBUG "Bad block table found at page %d, version 0x%02X\n", td->pages[i],
538 * search_read_bbts - [GENERIC] scan the device for bad block table(s)
539 * @mtd: MTD device structure
540 * @buf: temporary buffer
541 * @td: descriptor for the bad block table
542 * @md: descriptor for the bad block table mirror
544 * Search and read the bad block table(s)
546 static int search_read_bbts(struct mtd_info *mtd, uint8_t * buf, struct nand_bbt_descr *td, struct nand_bbt_descr *md)
548 /* Search the primary table */
549 search_bbt(mtd, buf, td);
551 /* Search the mirror table */
553 search_bbt(mtd, buf, md);
555 /* Force result check */
560 * write_bbt - [GENERIC] (Re)write the bad block table
562 * @mtd: MTD device structure
563 * @buf: temporary buffer
564 * @td: descriptor for the bad block table
565 * @md: descriptor for the bad block table mirror
566 * @chipsel: selector for a specific chip, -1 for all
568 * (Re)write the bad block table
571 static int write_bbt(struct mtd_info *mtd, uint8_t *buf,
572 struct nand_bbt_descr *td, struct nand_bbt_descr *md,
575 struct nand_chip *this = mtd->priv;
576 struct erase_info einfo;
577 int i, j, res, chip = 0;
578 int bits, startblock, dir, page, offs, numblocks, sft, sftmsk;
579 int nrchips, bbtoffs, pageoffs, ooboffs;
581 uint8_t rcode = td->reserved_block_code;
582 size_t retlen, len = 0;
584 struct mtd_oob_ops ops;
586 ops.ooblen = mtd->oobsize;
589 ops.mode = MTD_OOB_PLACE;
593 /* Write bad block table per chip rather than per device ? */
594 if (td->options & NAND_BBT_PERCHIP) {
595 numblocks = (int)(this->chipsize >> this->bbt_erase_shift);
596 /* Full device write or specific chip ? */
598 nrchips = this->numchips;
600 nrchips = chipsel + 1;
604 numblocks = (int)(mtd->size >> this->bbt_erase_shift);
608 /* Loop through the chips */
609 for (; chip < nrchips; chip++) {
611 /* There was already a version of the table, reuse the page
612 * This applies for absolute placement too, as we have the
613 * page nr. in td->pages.
615 if (td->pages[chip] != -1) {
616 page = td->pages[chip];
620 /* Automatic placement of the bad block table */
621 /* Search direction top -> down ? */
622 if (td->options & NAND_BBT_LASTBLOCK) {
623 startblock = numblocks * (chip + 1) - 1;
626 startblock = chip * numblocks;
630 for (i = 0; i < td->maxblocks; i++) {
631 int block = startblock + dir * i;
632 /* Check, if the block is bad */
633 switch ((this->bbt[block >> 2] >>
634 (2 * (block & 0x03))) & 0x03) {
640 (this->bbt_erase_shift - this->page_shift);
641 /* Check, if the block is used by the mirror table */
642 if (!md || md->pages[chip] != page)
645 printk(KERN_ERR "No space left to write bad block table\n");
649 /* Set up shift count and masks for the flash table */
650 bits = td->options & NAND_BBT_NRBITS_MSK;
653 case 1: sft = 3; sftmsk = 0x07; msk[0] = 0x00; msk[1] = 0x01;
656 case 2: sft = 2; sftmsk = 0x06; msk[0] = 0x00; msk[1] = 0x01;
659 case 4: sft = 1; sftmsk = 0x04; msk[0] = 0x00; msk[1] = 0x0C;
662 case 8: sft = 0; sftmsk = 0x00; msk[0] = 0x00; msk[1] = 0x0F;
665 default: return -EINVAL;
668 bbtoffs = chip * (numblocks >> 2);
670 to = ((loff_t) page) << this->page_shift;
672 /* Must we save the block contents ? */
673 if (td->options & NAND_BBT_SAVECONTENT) {
674 /* Make it block aligned */
675 to &= ~((loff_t) ((1 << this->bbt_erase_shift) - 1));
676 len = 1 << this->bbt_erase_shift;
677 res = mtd->read(mtd, to, len, &retlen, buf);
680 printk(KERN_INFO "nand_bbt: Error "
681 "reading block for writing "
682 "the bad block table\n");
685 printk(KERN_WARNING "nand_bbt: ECC error "
686 "while reading block for writing "
687 "bad block table\n");
690 ops.ooblen = (len >> this->page_shift) * mtd->oobsize;
691 ops.oobbuf = &buf[len];
692 res = mtd->read_oob(mtd, to + mtd->writesize, &ops);
693 if (res < 0 || ops.oobretlen != ops.ooblen)
696 /* Calc the byte offset in the buffer */
697 pageoffs = page - (int)(to >> this->page_shift);
698 offs = pageoffs << this->page_shift;
699 /* Preset the bbt area with 0xff */
700 memset(&buf[offs], 0xff, (size_t) (numblocks >> sft));
701 ooboffs = len + (pageoffs * mtd->oobsize);
705 len = (size_t) (numblocks >> sft);
706 /* Make it page aligned ! */
707 len = (len + (mtd->writesize - 1)) &
708 ~(mtd->writesize - 1);
709 /* Preset the buffer with 0xff */
710 memset(buf, 0xff, len +
711 (len >> this->page_shift)* mtd->oobsize);
714 /* Pattern is located in oob area of first page */
715 memcpy(&buf[ooboffs + td->offs], td->pattern, td->len);
718 if (td->options & NAND_BBT_VERSION)
719 buf[ooboffs + td->veroffs] = td->version[chip];
721 /* walk through the memory table */
722 for (i = 0; i < numblocks;) {
724 dat = this->bbt[bbtoffs + (i >> 2)];
725 for (j = 0; j < 4; j++, i++) {
726 int sftcnt = (i << (3 - sft)) & sftmsk;
727 /* Do not store the reserved bbt blocks ! */
728 buf[offs + (i >> sft)] &=
729 ~(msk[dat & 0x03] << sftcnt);
734 memset(&einfo, 0, sizeof(einfo));
736 einfo.addr = (unsigned long)to;
737 einfo.len = 1 << this->bbt_erase_shift;
738 res = nand_erase_nand(mtd, &einfo, 1);
742 res = scan_write_bbt(mtd, to, len, buf, &buf[len]);
746 printk(KERN_DEBUG "Bad block table written to 0x%08x, version "
747 "0x%02X\n", (unsigned int)to, td->version[chip]);
749 /* Mark it as used */
750 td->pages[chip] = page;
756 "nand_bbt: Error while writing bad block table %d\n", res);
761 * nand_memory_bbt - [GENERIC] create a memory based bad block table
762 * @mtd: MTD device structure
763 * @bd: descriptor for the good/bad block search pattern
765 * The function creates a memory based bbt by scanning the device
766 * for manufacturer / software marked good / bad blocks
768 static inline int nand_memory_bbt(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_bbt_descr *bd)
770 struct nand_chip *this = mtd->priv;
772 bd->options &= ~NAND_BBT_SCANEMPTY;
773 return create_bbt(mtd, this->buffers->databuf, bd, -1);
777 * check_create - [GENERIC] create and write bbt(s) if necessary
778 * @mtd: MTD device structure
779 * @buf: temporary buffer
780 * @bd: descriptor for the good/bad block search pattern
782 * The function checks the results of the previous call to read_bbt
783 * and creates / updates the bbt(s) if necessary
784 * Creation is necessary if no bbt was found for the chip/device
785 * Update is necessary if one of the tables is missing or the
786 * version nr. of one table is less than the other
788 static int check_create(struct mtd_info *mtd, uint8_t *buf, struct nand_bbt_descr *bd)
790 int i, chips, writeops, chipsel, res;
791 struct nand_chip *this = mtd->priv;
792 struct nand_bbt_descr *td = this->bbt_td;
793 struct nand_bbt_descr *md = this->bbt_md;
794 struct nand_bbt_descr *rd, *rd2;
796 /* Do we have a bbt per chip ? */
797 if (td->options & NAND_BBT_PERCHIP)
798 chips = this->numchips;
802 for (i = 0; i < chips; i++) {
806 /* Per chip or per device ? */
807 chipsel = (td->options & NAND_BBT_PERCHIP) ? i : -1;
808 /* Mirrored table avilable ? */
810 if (td->pages[i] == -1 && md->pages[i] == -1) {
815 if (td->pages[i] == -1) {
817 td->version[i] = md->version[i];
822 if (md->pages[i] == -1) {
824 md->version[i] = td->version[i];
829 if (td->version[i] == md->version[i]) {
831 if (!(td->options & NAND_BBT_VERSION))
836 if (((int8_t) (td->version[i] - md->version[i])) > 0) {
838 md->version[i] = td->version[i];
842 td->version[i] = md->version[i];
849 if (td->pages[i] == -1) {
857 /* Create the bad block table by scanning the device ? */
858 if (!(td->options & NAND_BBT_CREATE))
861 /* Create the table in memory by scanning the chip(s) */
862 create_bbt(mtd, buf, bd, chipsel);
868 /* read back first ? */
870 read_abs_bbt(mtd, buf, rd, chipsel);
871 /* If they weren't versioned, read both. */
873 read_abs_bbt(mtd, buf, rd2, chipsel);
875 /* Write the bad block table to the device ? */
876 if ((writeops & 0x01) && (td->options & NAND_BBT_WRITE)) {
877 res = write_bbt(mtd, buf, td, md, chipsel);
882 /* Write the mirror bad block table to the device ? */
883 if ((writeops & 0x02) && md && (md->options & NAND_BBT_WRITE)) {
884 res = write_bbt(mtd, buf, md, td, chipsel);
893 * mark_bbt_regions - [GENERIC] mark the bad block table regions
894 * @mtd: MTD device structure
895 * @td: bad block table descriptor
897 * The bad block table regions are marked as "bad" to prevent
898 * accidental erasures / writes. The regions are identified by
901 static void mark_bbt_region(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_bbt_descr *td)
903 struct nand_chip *this = mtd->priv;
904 int i, j, chips, block, nrblocks, update;
905 uint8_t oldval, newval;
907 /* Do we have a bbt per chip ? */
908 if (td->options & NAND_BBT_PERCHIP) {
909 chips = this->numchips;
910 nrblocks = (int)(this->chipsize >> this->bbt_erase_shift);
913 nrblocks = (int)(mtd->size >> this->bbt_erase_shift);
916 for (i = 0; i < chips; i++) {
917 if ((td->options & NAND_BBT_ABSPAGE) ||
918 !(td->options & NAND_BBT_WRITE)) {
919 if (td->pages[i] == -1)
921 block = td->pages[i] >> (this->bbt_erase_shift - this->page_shift);
923 oldval = this->bbt[(block >> 3)];
924 newval = oldval | (0x2 << (block & 0x06));
925 this->bbt[(block >> 3)] = newval;
926 if ((oldval != newval) && td->reserved_block_code)
927 nand_update_bbt(mtd, block << (this->bbt_erase_shift - 1));
931 if (td->options & NAND_BBT_LASTBLOCK)
932 block = ((i + 1) * nrblocks) - td->maxblocks;
934 block = i * nrblocks;
936 for (j = 0; j < td->maxblocks; j++) {
937 oldval = this->bbt[(block >> 3)];
938 newval = oldval | (0x2 << (block & 0x06));
939 this->bbt[(block >> 3)] = newval;
940 if (oldval != newval)
944 /* If we want reserved blocks to be recorded to flash, and some
945 new ones have been marked, then we need to update the stored
946 bbts. This should only happen once. */
947 if (update && td->reserved_block_code)
948 nand_update_bbt(mtd, (block - 2) << (this->bbt_erase_shift - 1));
953 * nand_scan_bbt - [NAND Interface] scan, find, read and maybe create bad block table(s)
954 * @mtd: MTD device structure
955 * @bd: descriptor for the good/bad block search pattern
957 * The function checks, if a bad block table(s) is/are already
958 * available. If not it scans the device for manufacturer
959 * marked good / bad blocks and writes the bad block table(s) to
960 * the selected place.
962 * The bad block table memory is allocated here. It must be freed
963 * by calling the nand_free_bbt function.
966 int nand_scan_bbt(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_bbt_descr *bd)
968 struct nand_chip *this = mtd->priv;
971 struct nand_bbt_descr *td = this->bbt_td;
972 struct nand_bbt_descr *md = this->bbt_md;
974 len = mtd->size >> (this->bbt_erase_shift + 2);
975 /* Allocate memory (2bit per block) and clear the memory bad block table */
976 this->bbt = kzalloc(len, GFP_KERNEL);
978 printk(KERN_ERR "nand_scan_bbt: Out of memory\n");
982 /* If no primary table decriptor is given, scan the device
983 * to build a memory based bad block table
986 if ((res = nand_memory_bbt(mtd, bd))) {
987 printk(KERN_ERR "nand_bbt: Can't scan flash and build the RAM-based BBT\n");
994 /* Allocate a temporary buffer for one eraseblock incl. oob */
995 len = (1 << this->bbt_erase_shift);
996 len += (len >> this->page_shift) * mtd->oobsize;
999 printk(KERN_ERR "nand_bbt: Out of memory\n");
1005 /* Is the bbt at a given page ? */
1006 if (td->options & NAND_BBT_ABSPAGE) {
1007 res = read_abs_bbts(mtd, buf, td, md);
1009 /* Search the bad block table using a pattern in oob */
1010 res = search_read_bbts(mtd, buf, td, md);
1014 res = check_create(mtd, buf, bd);
1016 /* Prevent the bbt regions from erasing / writing */
1017 mark_bbt_region(mtd, td);
1019 mark_bbt_region(mtd, md);
1026 * nand_update_bbt - [NAND Interface] update bad block table(s)
1027 * @mtd: MTD device structure
1028 * @offs: the offset of the newly marked block
1030 * The function updates the bad block table(s)
1032 int nand_update_bbt(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t offs)
1034 struct nand_chip *this = mtd->priv;
1035 int len, res = 0, writeops = 0;
1038 struct nand_bbt_descr *td = this->bbt_td;
1039 struct nand_bbt_descr *md = this->bbt_md;
1041 if (!this->bbt || !td)
1044 len = mtd->size >> (this->bbt_erase_shift + 2);
1045 /* Allocate a temporary buffer for one eraseblock incl. oob */
1046 len = (1 << this->bbt_erase_shift);
1047 len += (len >> this->page_shift) * mtd->oobsize;
1048 buf = kmalloc(len, GFP_KERNEL);
1050 printk(KERN_ERR "nand_update_bbt: Out of memory\n");
1054 writeops = md != NULL ? 0x03 : 0x01;
1056 /* Do we have a bbt per chip ? */
1057 if (td->options & NAND_BBT_PERCHIP) {
1058 chip = (int)(offs >> this->chip_shift);
1065 td->version[chip]++;
1067 md->version[chip]++;
1069 /* Write the bad block table to the device ? */
1070 if ((writeops & 0x01) && (td->options & NAND_BBT_WRITE)) {
1071 res = write_bbt(mtd, buf, td, md, chipsel);
1075 /* Write the mirror bad block table to the device ? */
1076 if ((writeops & 0x02) && md && (md->options & NAND_BBT_WRITE)) {
1077 res = write_bbt(mtd, buf, md, td, chipsel);
1085 /* Define some generic bad / good block scan pattern which are used
1086 * while scanning a device for factory marked good / bad blocks. */
1087 static uint8_t scan_ff_pattern[] = { 0xff, 0xff };
1089 static struct nand_bbt_descr smallpage_memorybased = {
1090 .options = NAND_BBT_SCAN2NDPAGE,
1093 .pattern = scan_ff_pattern
1096 static struct nand_bbt_descr largepage_memorybased = {
1100 .pattern = scan_ff_pattern
1103 static struct nand_bbt_descr smallpage_flashbased = {
1104 .options = NAND_BBT_SCAN2NDPAGE,
1107 .pattern = scan_ff_pattern
1110 static struct nand_bbt_descr largepage_flashbased = {
1111 .options = NAND_BBT_SCAN2NDPAGE,
1114 .pattern = scan_ff_pattern
1117 static uint8_t scan_agand_pattern[] = { 0x1C, 0x71, 0xC7, 0x1C, 0x71, 0xC7 };
1119 static struct nand_bbt_descr agand_flashbased = {
1120 .options = NAND_BBT_SCANEMPTY | NAND_BBT_SCANALLPAGES,
1123 .pattern = scan_agand_pattern
1126 /* Generic flash bbt decriptors
1128 static uint8_t bbt_pattern[] = {'B', 'b', 't', '0' };
1129 static uint8_t mirror_pattern[] = {'1', 't', 'b', 'B' };
1131 static struct nand_bbt_descr bbt_main_descr = {
1132 .options = NAND_BBT_LASTBLOCK | NAND_BBT_CREATE | NAND_BBT_WRITE
1133 | NAND_BBT_2BIT | NAND_BBT_VERSION | NAND_BBT_PERCHIP,
1138 .pattern = bbt_pattern
1141 static struct nand_bbt_descr bbt_mirror_descr = {
1142 .options = NAND_BBT_LASTBLOCK | NAND_BBT_CREATE | NAND_BBT_WRITE
1143 | NAND_BBT_2BIT | NAND_BBT_VERSION | NAND_BBT_PERCHIP,
1148 .pattern = mirror_pattern
1152 * nand_default_bbt - [NAND Interface] Select a default bad block table for the device
1153 * @mtd: MTD device structure
1155 * This function selects the default bad block table
1156 * support for the device and calls the nand_scan_bbt function
1159 int nand_default_bbt(struct mtd_info *mtd)
1161 struct nand_chip *this = mtd->priv;
1163 /* Default for AG-AND. We must use a flash based
1164 * bad block table as the devices have factory marked
1165 * _good_ blocks. Erasing those blocks leads to loss
1166 * of the good / bad information, so we _must_ store
1167 * this information in a good / bad table during
1170 if (this->options & NAND_IS_AND) {
1171 /* Use the default pattern descriptors */
1172 if (!this->bbt_td) {
1173 this->bbt_td = &bbt_main_descr;
1174 this->bbt_md = &bbt_mirror_descr;
1176 this->options |= NAND_USE_FLASH_BBT;
1177 return nand_scan_bbt(mtd, &agand_flashbased);
1180 /* Is a flash based bad block table requested ? */
1181 if (this->options & NAND_USE_FLASH_BBT) {
1182 /* Use the default pattern descriptors */
1183 if (!this->bbt_td) {
1184 this->bbt_td = &bbt_main_descr;
1185 this->bbt_md = &bbt_mirror_descr;
1187 if (!this->badblock_pattern) {
1188 this->badblock_pattern = (mtd->writesize > 512) ? &largepage_flashbased : &smallpage_flashbased;
1191 this->bbt_td = NULL;
1192 this->bbt_md = NULL;
1193 if (!this->badblock_pattern) {
1194 this->badblock_pattern = (mtd->writesize > 512) ?
1195 &largepage_memorybased : &smallpage_memorybased;
1198 return nand_scan_bbt(mtd, this->badblock_pattern);
1202 * nand_isbad_bbt - [NAND Interface] Check if a block is bad
1203 * @mtd: MTD device structure
1204 * @offs: offset in the device
1205 * @allowbbt: allow access to bad block table region
1208 int nand_isbad_bbt(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t offs, int allowbbt)
1210 struct nand_chip *this = mtd->priv;
1214 /* Get block number * 2 */
1215 block = (int)(offs >> (this->bbt_erase_shift - 1));
1216 res = (this->bbt[block >> 3] >> (block & 0x06)) & 0x03;
1218 MTDDEBUG (MTD_DEBUG_LEVEL2, "nand_isbad_bbt(): bbt info for offs 0x%08x: "
1219 "(block %d) 0x%02x\n", (unsigned int)offs, res, block >> 1);
1227 return allowbbt ? 0 : 1;
1232 /* XXX U-BOOT XXX */
1234 EXPORT_SYMBOL(nand_scan_bbt);
1235 EXPORT_SYMBOL(nand_default_bbt);