1 #ifndef _LINUX_KERNEL_H
2 #define _LINUX_KERNEL_H
6 #include <linux/linkage.h>
7 #include <linux/stddef.h>
8 #include <linux/types.h>
9 #include <linux/compiler.h>
10 #include <linux/bitops.h>
11 #include <linux/log2.h>
12 #include <linux/typecheck.h>
13 #include <linux/printk.h>
14 #include <asm/byteorder.h>
15 #include <uapi/linux/kernel.h>
17 #define USHRT_MAX ((u16)(~0U))
18 #define SHRT_MAX ((s16)(USHRT_MAX>>1))
19 #define SHRT_MIN ((s16)(-SHRT_MAX - 1))
20 #define INT_MAX ((int)(~0U>>1))
21 #define INT_MIN (-INT_MAX - 1)
22 #define UINT_MAX (~0U)
23 #define LONG_MAX ((long)(~0UL>>1))
24 #define LONG_MIN (-LONG_MAX - 1)
25 #define ULONG_MAX (~0UL)
26 #define LLONG_MAX ((long long)(~0ULL>>1))
27 #define LLONG_MIN (-LLONG_MAX - 1)
28 #define ULLONG_MAX (~0ULL)
29 #define SIZE_MAX (~(size_t)0)
31 #define U8_MAX ((u8)~0U)
32 #define S8_MAX ((s8)(U8_MAX>>1))
33 #define S8_MIN ((s8)(-S8_MAX - 1))
34 #define U16_MAX ((u16)~0U)
35 #define S16_MAX ((s16)(U16_MAX>>1))
36 #define S16_MIN ((s16)(-S16_MAX - 1))
37 #define U32_MAX ((u32)~0U)
38 #define S32_MAX ((s32)(U32_MAX>>1))
39 #define S32_MIN ((s32)(-S32_MAX - 1))
40 #define U64_MAX ((u64)~0ULL)
41 #define S64_MAX ((s64)(U64_MAX>>1))
42 #define S64_MIN ((s64)(-S64_MAX - 1))
44 #define STACK_MAGIC 0xdeadbeef
46 #define REPEAT_BYTE(x) ((~0ul / 0xff) * (x))
48 /* @a is a power of 2 value */
49 #define ALIGN(x, a) __ALIGN_KERNEL((x), (a))
50 #define __ALIGN_MASK(x, mask) __ALIGN_KERNEL_MASK((x), (mask))
51 #define PTR_ALIGN(p, a) ((typeof(p))ALIGN((unsigned long)(p), (a)))
52 #define IS_ALIGNED(x, a) (((x) & ((typeof(x))(a) - 1)) == 0)
54 /* generic data direction definitions */
58 #define ARRAY_SIZE(arr) (sizeof(arr) / sizeof((arr)[0]) + __must_be_array(arr))
60 #define u64_to_user_ptr(x) ( \
63 (void __user *)(uintptr_t)x; \
68 * This looks more complex than it should be. But we need to
69 * get the type for the ~ right in round_down (it needs to be
70 * as wide as the result!), and we want to evaluate the macro
71 * arguments just once each.
73 #define __round_mask(x, y) ((__typeof__(x))((y)-1))
74 #define round_up(x, y) ((((x)-1) | __round_mask(x, y))+1)
75 #define round_down(x, y) ((x) & ~__round_mask(x, y))
77 #define FIELD_SIZEOF(t, f) (sizeof(((t*)0)->f))
78 #define DIV_ROUND_UP __KERNEL_DIV_ROUND_UP
79 #define DIV_ROUND_UP_ULL(ll,d) \
80 ({ unsigned long long _tmp = (ll)+(d)-1; do_div(_tmp, d); _tmp; })
82 #if BITS_PER_LONG == 32
83 # define DIV_ROUND_UP_SECTOR_T(ll,d) DIV_ROUND_UP_ULL(ll, d)
85 # define DIV_ROUND_UP_SECTOR_T(ll,d) DIV_ROUND_UP(ll,d)
88 /* The `const' in roundup() prevents gcc-3.3 from calling __divdi3 */
89 #define roundup(x, y) ( \
91 const typeof(y) __y = y; \
92 (((x) + (__y - 1)) / __y) * __y; \
95 #define rounddown(x, y) ( \
97 typeof(x) __x = (x); \
103 * Divide positive or negative dividend by positive or negative divisor
104 * and round to closest integer. Result is undefined for negative
105 * divisors if he dividend variable type is unsigned and for negative
106 * dividends if the divisor variable type is unsigned.
108 #define DIV_ROUND_CLOSEST(x, divisor)( \
111 typeof(divisor) __d = divisor; \
112 (((typeof(x))-1) > 0 || \
113 ((typeof(divisor))-1) > 0 || \
114 (((__x) > 0) == ((__d) > 0))) ? \
115 (((__x) + ((__d) / 2)) / (__d)) : \
116 (((__x) - ((__d) / 2)) / (__d)); \
120 * Same as above but for u64 dividends. divisor must be a 32-bit
123 #define DIV_ROUND_CLOSEST_ULL(x, divisor)( \
125 typeof(divisor) __d = divisor; \
126 unsigned long long _tmp = (x) + (__d) / 2; \
133 * Multiplies an integer by a fraction, while avoiding unnecessary
134 * overflow or loss of precision.
136 #define mult_frac(x, numer, denom)( \
138 typeof(x) quot = (x) / (denom); \
139 typeof(x) rem = (x) % (denom); \
140 (quot * (numer)) + ((rem * (numer)) / (denom)); \
145 #define _RET_IP_ (unsigned long)__builtin_return_address(0)
146 #define _THIS_IP_ ({ __label__ __here; __here: (unsigned long)&&__here; })
149 # include <asm/div64.h>
150 # define sector_div(a, b) do_div(a, b)
152 # define sector_div(n, b)( \
163 * upper_32_bits - return bits 32-63 of a number
164 * @n: the number we're accessing
166 * A basic shift-right of a 64- or 32-bit quantity. Use this to suppress
167 * the "right shift count >= width of type" warning when that quantity is
170 #define upper_32_bits(n) ((u32)(((n) >> 16) >> 16))
173 * lower_32_bits - return bits 0-31 of a number
174 * @n: the number we're accessing
176 #define lower_32_bits(n) ((u32)(n))
182 #ifdef CONFIG_PREEMPT_VOLUNTARY
183 extern int _cond_resched(void);
184 # define might_resched() _cond_resched()
186 # define might_resched() do { } while (0)
189 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_ATOMIC_SLEEP
190 void ___might_sleep(const char *file, int line, int preempt_offset);
191 void __might_sleep(const char *file, int line, int preempt_offset);
193 * might_sleep - annotation for functions that can sleep
195 * this macro will print a stack trace if it is executed in an atomic
196 * context (spinlock, irq-handler, ...).
198 * This is a useful debugging help to be able to catch problems early and not
199 * be bitten later when the calling function happens to sleep when it is not
202 # define might_sleep() \
203 do { __might_sleep(__FILE__, __LINE__, 0); might_resched(); } while (0)
204 # define sched_annotate_sleep() (current->task_state_change = 0)
206 static inline void ___might_sleep(const char *file, int line,
207 int preempt_offset) { }
208 static inline void __might_sleep(const char *file, int line,
209 int preempt_offset) { }
210 # define might_sleep() do { might_resched(); } while (0)
211 # define sched_annotate_sleep() do { } while (0)
214 #define might_sleep_if(cond) do { if (cond) might_sleep(); } while (0)
217 * abs - return absolute value of an argument
218 * @x: the value. If it is unsigned type, it is converted to signed type first.
219 * char is treated as if it was signed (regardless of whether it really is)
220 * but the macro's return type is preserved as char.
222 * Return: an absolute value of x.
224 #define abs(x) __abs_choose_expr(x, long long, \
225 __abs_choose_expr(x, long, \
226 __abs_choose_expr(x, int, \
227 __abs_choose_expr(x, short, \
228 __abs_choose_expr(x, char, \
229 __builtin_choose_expr( \
230 __builtin_types_compatible_p(typeof(x), char), \
231 (char)({ signed char __x = (x); __x<0?-__x:__x; }), \
234 #define __abs_choose_expr(x, type, other) __builtin_choose_expr( \
235 __builtin_types_compatible_p(typeof(x), signed type) || \
236 __builtin_types_compatible_p(typeof(x), unsigned type), \
237 ({ signed type __x = (x); __x < 0 ? -__x : __x; }), other)
240 * reciprocal_scale - "scale" a value into range [0, ep_ro)
242 * @ep_ro: right open interval endpoint
244 * Perform a "reciprocal multiplication" in order to "scale" a value into
245 * range [0, ep_ro), where the upper interval endpoint is right-open.
246 * This is useful, e.g. for accessing a index of an array containing
247 * ep_ro elements, for example. Think of it as sort of modulus, only that
248 * the result isn't that of modulo. ;) Note that if initial input is a
249 * small value, then result will return 0.
251 * Return: a result based on val in interval [0, ep_ro).
253 static inline u32 reciprocal_scale(u32 val, u32 ep_ro)
255 return (u32)(((u64) val * ep_ro) >> 32);
258 #if defined(CONFIG_MMU) && \
259 (defined(CONFIG_PROVE_LOCKING) || defined(CONFIG_DEBUG_ATOMIC_SLEEP))
260 #define might_fault() __might_fault(__FILE__, __LINE__)
261 void __might_fault(const char *file, int line);
263 static inline void might_fault(void) { }
266 extern struct atomic_notifier_head panic_notifier_list;
267 extern long (*panic_blink)(int state);
269 void panic(const char *fmt, ...) __noreturn __cold;
270 void nmi_panic(struct pt_regs *regs, const char *msg);
271 extern void oops_enter(void);
272 extern void oops_exit(void);
273 void print_oops_end_marker(void);
274 extern int oops_may_print(void);
275 void do_exit(long error_code) __noreturn;
276 void complete_and_exit(struct completion *, long) __noreturn;
278 /* Internal, do not use. */
279 int __must_check _kstrtoul(const char *s, unsigned int base, unsigned long *res);
280 int __must_check _kstrtol(const char *s, unsigned int base, long *res);
282 int __must_check kstrtoull(const char *s, unsigned int base, unsigned long long *res);
283 int __must_check kstrtoll(const char *s, unsigned int base, long long *res);
286 * kstrtoul - convert a string to an unsigned long
287 * @s: The start of the string. The string must be null-terminated, and may also
288 * include a single newline before its terminating null. The first character
289 * may also be a plus sign, but not a minus sign.
290 * @base: The number base to use. The maximum supported base is 16. If base is
291 * given as 0, then the base of the string is automatically detected with the
292 * conventional semantics - If it begins with 0x the number will be parsed as a
293 * hexadecimal (case insensitive), if it otherwise begins with 0, it will be
294 * parsed as an octal number. Otherwise it will be parsed as a decimal.
295 * @res: Where to write the result of the conversion on success.
297 * Returns 0 on success, -ERANGE on overflow and -EINVAL on parsing error.
298 * Used as a replacement for the obsolete simple_strtoull. Return code must
301 static inline int __must_check kstrtoul(const char *s, unsigned int base, unsigned long *res)
304 * We want to shortcut function call, but
305 * __builtin_types_compatible_p(unsigned long, unsigned long long) = 0.
307 if (sizeof(unsigned long) == sizeof(unsigned long long) &&
308 __alignof__(unsigned long) == __alignof__(unsigned long long))
309 return kstrtoull(s, base, (unsigned long long *)res);
311 return _kstrtoul(s, base, res);
315 * kstrtol - convert a string to a long
316 * @s: The start of the string. The string must be null-terminated, and may also
317 * include a single newline before its terminating null. The first character
318 * may also be a plus sign or a minus sign.
319 * @base: The number base to use. The maximum supported base is 16. If base is
320 * given as 0, then the base of the string is automatically detected with the
321 * conventional semantics - If it begins with 0x the number will be parsed as a
322 * hexadecimal (case insensitive), if it otherwise begins with 0, it will be
323 * parsed as an octal number. Otherwise it will be parsed as a decimal.
324 * @res: Where to write the result of the conversion on success.
326 * Returns 0 on success, -ERANGE on overflow and -EINVAL on parsing error.
327 * Used as a replacement for the obsolete simple_strtoull. Return code must
330 static inline int __must_check kstrtol(const char *s, unsigned int base, long *res)
333 * We want to shortcut function call, but
334 * __builtin_types_compatible_p(long, long long) = 0.
336 if (sizeof(long) == sizeof(long long) &&
337 __alignof__(long) == __alignof__(long long))
338 return kstrtoll(s, base, (long long *)res);
340 return _kstrtol(s, base, res);
343 int __must_check kstrtouint(const char *s, unsigned int base, unsigned int *res);
344 int __must_check kstrtoint(const char *s, unsigned int base, int *res);
346 static inline int __must_check kstrtou64(const char *s, unsigned int base, u64 *res)
348 return kstrtoull(s, base, res);
351 static inline int __must_check kstrtos64(const char *s, unsigned int base, s64 *res)
353 return kstrtoll(s, base, res);
356 static inline int __must_check kstrtou32(const char *s, unsigned int base, u32 *res)
358 return kstrtouint(s, base, res);
361 static inline int __must_check kstrtos32(const char *s, unsigned int base, s32 *res)
363 return kstrtoint(s, base, res);
366 int __must_check kstrtou16(const char *s, unsigned int base, u16 *res);
367 int __must_check kstrtos16(const char *s, unsigned int base, s16 *res);
368 int __must_check kstrtou8(const char *s, unsigned int base, u8 *res);
369 int __must_check kstrtos8(const char *s, unsigned int base, s8 *res);
370 int __must_check kstrtobool(const char *s, bool *res);
372 int __must_check kstrtoull_from_user(const char __user *s, size_t count, unsigned int base, unsigned long long *res);
373 int __must_check kstrtoll_from_user(const char __user *s, size_t count, unsigned int base, long long *res);
374 int __must_check kstrtoul_from_user(const char __user *s, size_t count, unsigned int base, unsigned long *res);
375 int __must_check kstrtol_from_user(const char __user *s, size_t count, unsigned int base, long *res);
376 int __must_check kstrtouint_from_user(const char __user *s, size_t count, unsigned int base, unsigned int *res);
377 int __must_check kstrtoint_from_user(const char __user *s, size_t count, unsigned int base, int *res);
378 int __must_check kstrtou16_from_user(const char __user *s, size_t count, unsigned int base, u16 *res);
379 int __must_check kstrtos16_from_user(const char __user *s, size_t count, unsigned int base, s16 *res);
380 int __must_check kstrtou8_from_user(const char __user *s, size_t count, unsigned int base, u8 *res);
381 int __must_check kstrtos8_from_user(const char __user *s, size_t count, unsigned int base, s8 *res);
382 int __must_check kstrtobool_from_user(const char __user *s, size_t count, bool *res);
384 static inline int __must_check kstrtou64_from_user(const char __user *s, size_t count, unsigned int base, u64 *res)
386 return kstrtoull_from_user(s, count, base, res);
389 static inline int __must_check kstrtos64_from_user(const char __user *s, size_t count, unsigned int base, s64 *res)
391 return kstrtoll_from_user(s, count, base, res);
394 static inline int __must_check kstrtou32_from_user(const char __user *s, size_t count, unsigned int base, u32 *res)
396 return kstrtouint_from_user(s, count, base, res);
399 static inline int __must_check kstrtos32_from_user(const char __user *s, size_t count, unsigned int base, s32 *res)
401 return kstrtoint_from_user(s, count, base, res);
404 /* Obsolete, do not use. Use kstrto<foo> instead */
406 extern unsigned long simple_strtoul(const char *,char **,unsigned int);
407 extern long simple_strtol(const char *,char **,unsigned int);
408 extern unsigned long long simple_strtoull(const char *,char **,unsigned int);
409 extern long long simple_strtoll(const char *,char **,unsigned int);
411 extern int num_to_str(char *buf, int size, unsigned long long num);
413 /* lib/printf utilities */
415 extern __printf(2, 3) int sprintf(char *buf, const char * fmt, ...);
416 extern __printf(2, 0) int vsprintf(char *buf, const char *, va_list);
417 extern __printf(3, 4)
418 int snprintf(char *buf, size_t size, const char *fmt, ...);
419 extern __printf(3, 0)
420 int vsnprintf(char *buf, size_t size, const char *fmt, va_list args);
421 extern __printf(3, 4)
422 int scnprintf(char *buf, size_t size, const char *fmt, ...);
423 extern __printf(3, 0)
424 int vscnprintf(char *buf, size_t size, const char *fmt, va_list args);
425 extern __printf(2, 3) __malloc
426 char *kasprintf(gfp_t gfp, const char *fmt, ...);
427 extern __printf(2, 0) __malloc
428 char *kvasprintf(gfp_t gfp, const char *fmt, va_list args);
429 extern __printf(2, 0)
430 const char *kvasprintf_const(gfp_t gfp, const char *fmt, va_list args);
433 int sscanf(const char *, const char *, ...);
435 int vsscanf(const char *, const char *, va_list);
437 extern int get_option(char **str, int *pint);
438 extern char *get_options(const char *str, int nints, int *ints);
439 extern unsigned long long memparse(const char *ptr, char **retptr);
440 extern bool parse_option_str(const char *str, const char *option);
442 extern int core_kernel_text(unsigned long addr);
443 extern int core_kernel_data(unsigned long addr);
444 extern int __kernel_text_address(unsigned long addr);
445 extern int kernel_text_address(unsigned long addr);
446 extern int func_ptr_is_kernel_text(void *ptr);
448 unsigned long int_sqrt(unsigned long);
450 extern void bust_spinlocks(int yes);
451 extern int oops_in_progress; /* If set, an oops, panic(), BUG() or die() is in progress */
452 extern int panic_timeout;
453 extern int panic_on_oops;
454 extern int panic_on_unrecovered_nmi;
455 extern int panic_on_io_nmi;
456 extern int panic_on_warn;
457 extern int sysctl_panic_on_rcu_stall;
458 extern int sysctl_panic_on_stackoverflow;
460 extern bool crash_kexec_post_notifiers;
463 * panic_cpu is used for synchronizing panic() and crash_kexec() execution. It
464 * holds a CPU number which is executing panic() currently. A value of
465 * PANIC_CPU_INVALID means no CPU has entered panic() or crash_kexec().
467 extern atomic_t panic_cpu;
468 #define PANIC_CPU_INVALID -1
471 * Only to be used by arch init code. If the user over-wrote the default
472 * CONFIG_PANIC_TIMEOUT, honor it.
474 static inline void set_arch_panic_timeout(int timeout, int arch_default_timeout)
476 if (panic_timeout == arch_default_timeout)
477 panic_timeout = timeout;
479 extern const char *print_tainted(void);
482 LOCKDEP_NOW_UNRELIABLE
484 extern void add_taint(unsigned flag, enum lockdep_ok);
485 extern int test_taint(unsigned flag);
486 extern unsigned long get_taint(void);
487 extern int root_mountflags;
489 extern bool early_boot_irqs_disabled;
491 /* Values used for system_state */
492 extern enum system_states {
500 #define TAINT_PROPRIETARY_MODULE 0
501 #define TAINT_FORCED_MODULE 1
502 #define TAINT_CPU_OUT_OF_SPEC 2
503 #define TAINT_FORCED_RMMOD 3
504 #define TAINT_MACHINE_CHECK 4
505 #define TAINT_BAD_PAGE 5
508 #define TAINT_OVERRIDDEN_ACPI_TABLE 8
510 #define TAINT_CRAP 10
511 #define TAINT_FIRMWARE_WORKAROUND 11
512 #define TAINT_OOT_MODULE 12
513 #define TAINT_UNSIGNED_MODULE 13
514 #define TAINT_SOFTLOCKUP 14
515 #define TAINT_LIVEPATCH 15
516 #define TAINT_FLAGS_COUNT 16
519 char c_true; /* character printed when tainted */
520 char c_false; /* character printed when not tainted */
521 bool module; /* also show as a per-module taint flag */
524 extern const struct taint_flag taint_flags[TAINT_FLAGS_COUNT];
526 extern const char hex_asc[];
527 #define hex_asc_lo(x) hex_asc[((x) & 0x0f)]
528 #define hex_asc_hi(x) hex_asc[((x) & 0xf0) >> 4]
530 static inline char *hex_byte_pack(char *buf, u8 byte)
532 *buf++ = hex_asc_hi(byte);
533 *buf++ = hex_asc_lo(byte);
537 extern const char hex_asc_upper[];
538 #define hex_asc_upper_lo(x) hex_asc_upper[((x) & 0x0f)]
539 #define hex_asc_upper_hi(x) hex_asc_upper[((x) & 0xf0) >> 4]
541 static inline char *hex_byte_pack_upper(char *buf, u8 byte)
543 *buf++ = hex_asc_upper_hi(byte);
544 *buf++ = hex_asc_upper_lo(byte);
548 extern int hex_to_bin(char ch);
549 extern int __must_check hex2bin(u8 *dst, const char *src, size_t count);
550 extern char *bin2hex(char *dst, const void *src, size_t count);
552 bool mac_pton(const char *s, u8 *mac);
555 * General tracing related utility functions - trace_printk(),
556 * tracing_on/tracing_off and tracing_start()/tracing_stop
558 * Use tracing_on/tracing_off when you want to quickly turn on or off
559 * tracing. It simply enables or disables the recording of the trace events.
560 * This also corresponds to the user space /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/tracing_on
561 * file, which gives a means for the kernel and userspace to interact.
562 * Place a tracing_off() in the kernel where you want tracing to end.
563 * From user space, examine the trace, and then echo 1 > tracing_on
564 * to continue tracing.
566 * tracing_stop/tracing_start has slightly more overhead. It is used
567 * by things like suspend to ram where disabling the recording of the
568 * trace is not enough, but tracing must actually stop because things
569 * like calling smp_processor_id() may crash the system.
571 * Most likely, you want to use tracing_on/tracing_off.
574 enum ftrace_dump_mode {
580 #ifdef CONFIG_TRACING
581 void tracing_on(void);
582 void tracing_off(void);
583 int tracing_is_on(void);
584 void tracing_snapshot(void);
585 void tracing_snapshot_alloc(void);
587 extern void tracing_start(void);
588 extern void tracing_stop(void);
590 static inline __printf(1, 2)
591 void ____trace_printk_check_format(const char *fmt, ...)
594 #define __trace_printk_check_format(fmt, args...) \
597 ____trace_printk_check_format(fmt, ##args); \
601 * trace_printk - printf formatting in the ftrace buffer
602 * @fmt: the printf format for printing
604 * Note: __trace_printk is an internal function for trace_printk and
605 * the @ip is passed in via the trace_printk macro.
607 * This function allows a kernel developer to debug fast path sections
608 * that printk is not appropriate for. By scattering in various
609 * printk like tracing in the code, a developer can quickly see
610 * where problems are occurring.
612 * This is intended as a debugging tool for the developer only.
613 * Please refrain from leaving trace_printks scattered around in
614 * your code. (Extra memory is used for special buffers that are
615 * allocated when trace_printk() is used)
617 * A little optization trick is done here. If there's only one
618 * argument, there's no need to scan the string for printf formats.
619 * The trace_puts() will suffice. But how can we take advantage of
620 * using trace_puts() when trace_printk() has only one argument?
621 * By stringifying the args and checking the size we can tell
622 * whether or not there are args. __stringify((__VA_ARGS__)) will
623 * turn into "()\0" with a size of 3 when there are no args, anything
624 * else will be bigger. All we need to do is define a string to this,
625 * and then take its size and compare to 3. If it's bigger, use
626 * do_trace_printk() otherwise, optimize it to trace_puts(). Then just
627 * let gcc optimize the rest.
630 #define trace_printk(fmt, ...) \
632 char _______STR[] = __stringify((__VA_ARGS__)); \
633 if (sizeof(_______STR) > 3) \
634 do_trace_printk(fmt, ##__VA_ARGS__); \
639 #define do_trace_printk(fmt, args...) \
641 static const char *trace_printk_fmt __used \
642 __attribute__((section("__trace_printk_fmt"))) = \
643 __builtin_constant_p(fmt) ? fmt : NULL; \
645 __trace_printk_check_format(fmt, ##args); \
647 if (__builtin_constant_p(fmt)) \
648 __trace_bprintk(_THIS_IP_, trace_printk_fmt, ##args); \
650 __trace_printk(_THIS_IP_, fmt, ##args); \
653 extern __printf(2, 3)
654 int __trace_bprintk(unsigned long ip, const char *fmt, ...);
656 extern __printf(2, 3)
657 int __trace_printk(unsigned long ip, const char *fmt, ...);
660 * trace_puts - write a string into the ftrace buffer
661 * @str: the string to record
663 * Note: __trace_bputs is an internal function for trace_puts and
664 * the @ip is passed in via the trace_puts macro.
666 * This is similar to trace_printk() but is made for those really fast
667 * paths that a developer wants the least amount of "Heisenbug" affects,
668 * where the processing of the print format is still too much.
670 * This function allows a kernel developer to debug fast path sections
671 * that printk is not appropriate for. By scattering in various
672 * printk like tracing in the code, a developer can quickly see
673 * where problems are occurring.
675 * This is intended as a debugging tool for the developer only.
676 * Please refrain from leaving trace_puts scattered around in
677 * your code. (Extra memory is used for special buffers that are
678 * allocated when trace_puts() is used)
680 * Returns: 0 if nothing was written, positive # if string was.
681 * (1 when __trace_bputs is used, strlen(str) when __trace_puts is used)
684 #define trace_puts(str) ({ \
685 static const char *trace_printk_fmt __used \
686 __attribute__((section("__trace_printk_fmt"))) = \
687 __builtin_constant_p(str) ? str : NULL; \
689 if (__builtin_constant_p(str)) \
690 __trace_bputs(_THIS_IP_, trace_printk_fmt); \
692 __trace_puts(_THIS_IP_, str, strlen(str)); \
694 extern int __trace_bputs(unsigned long ip, const char *str);
695 extern int __trace_puts(unsigned long ip, const char *str, int size);
697 extern void trace_dump_stack(int skip);
700 * The double __builtin_constant_p is because gcc will give us an error
701 * if we try to allocate the static variable to fmt if it is not a
702 * constant. Even with the outer if statement.
704 #define ftrace_vprintk(fmt, vargs) \
706 if (__builtin_constant_p(fmt)) { \
707 static const char *trace_printk_fmt __used \
708 __attribute__((section("__trace_printk_fmt"))) = \
709 __builtin_constant_p(fmt) ? fmt : NULL; \
711 __ftrace_vbprintk(_THIS_IP_, trace_printk_fmt, vargs); \
713 __ftrace_vprintk(_THIS_IP_, fmt, vargs); \
716 extern __printf(2, 0) int
717 __ftrace_vbprintk(unsigned long ip, const char *fmt, va_list ap);
719 extern __printf(2, 0) int
720 __ftrace_vprintk(unsigned long ip, const char *fmt, va_list ap);
722 extern void ftrace_dump(enum ftrace_dump_mode oops_dump_mode);
724 static inline void tracing_start(void) { }
725 static inline void tracing_stop(void) { }
726 static inline void trace_dump_stack(int skip) { }
728 static inline void tracing_on(void) { }
729 static inline void tracing_off(void) { }
730 static inline int tracing_is_on(void) { return 0; }
731 static inline void tracing_snapshot(void) { }
732 static inline void tracing_snapshot_alloc(void) { }
734 static inline __printf(1, 2)
735 int trace_printk(const char *fmt, ...)
739 static __printf(1, 0) inline int
740 ftrace_vprintk(const char *fmt, va_list ap)
744 static inline void ftrace_dump(enum ftrace_dump_mode oops_dump_mode) { }
745 #endif /* CONFIG_TRACING */
748 * min()/max()/clamp() macros that also do
749 * strict type-checking.. See the
750 * "unnecessary" pointer comparison.
752 #define __min(t1, t2, min1, min2, x, y) ({ \
755 (void) (&min1 == &min2); \
756 min1 < min2 ? min1 : min2; })
758 __min(typeof(x), typeof(y), \
759 __UNIQUE_ID(min1_), __UNIQUE_ID(min2_), \
762 #define __max(t1, t2, max1, max2, x, y) ({ \
765 (void) (&max1 == &max2); \
766 max1 > max2 ? max1 : max2; })
768 __max(typeof(x), typeof(y), \
769 __UNIQUE_ID(max1_), __UNIQUE_ID(max2_), \
772 #define min3(x, y, z) min((typeof(x))min(x, y), z)
773 #define max3(x, y, z) max((typeof(x))max(x, y), z)
776 * min_not_zero - return the minimum that is _not_ zero, unless both are zero
780 #define min_not_zero(x, y) ({ \
781 typeof(x) __x = (x); \
782 typeof(y) __y = (y); \
783 __x == 0 ? __y : ((__y == 0) ? __x : min(__x, __y)); })
786 * clamp - return a value clamped to a given range with strict typechecking
787 * @val: current value
788 * @lo: lowest allowable value
789 * @hi: highest allowable value
791 * This macro does strict typechecking of lo/hi to make sure they are of the
792 * same type as val. See the unnecessary pointer comparisons.
794 #define clamp(val, lo, hi) min((typeof(val))max(val, lo), hi)
797 * ..and if you can't take the strict
798 * types, you can specify one yourself.
800 * Or not use min/max/clamp at all, of course.
802 #define min_t(type, x, y) \
804 __UNIQUE_ID(min1_), __UNIQUE_ID(min2_), \
807 #define max_t(type, x, y) \
809 __UNIQUE_ID(min1_), __UNIQUE_ID(min2_), \
813 * clamp_t - return a value clamped to a given range using a given type
814 * @type: the type of variable to use
815 * @val: current value
816 * @lo: minimum allowable value
817 * @hi: maximum allowable value
819 * This macro does no typechecking and uses temporary variables of type
820 * 'type' to make all the comparisons.
822 #define clamp_t(type, val, lo, hi) min_t(type, max_t(type, val, lo), hi)
825 * clamp_val - return a value clamped to a given range using val's type
826 * @val: current value
827 * @lo: minimum allowable value
828 * @hi: maximum allowable value
830 * This macro does no typechecking and uses temporary variables of whatever
831 * type the input argument 'val' is. This is useful when val is an unsigned
832 * type and min and max are literals that will otherwise be assigned a signed
835 #define clamp_val(val, lo, hi) clamp_t(typeof(val), val, lo, hi)
839 * swap - swap value of @a and @b
842 do { typeof(a) __tmp = (a); (a) = (b); (b) = __tmp; } while (0)
845 * container_of - cast a member of a structure out to the containing structure
846 * @ptr: the pointer to the member.
847 * @type: the type of the container struct this is embedded in.
848 * @member: the name of the member within the struct.
851 #define container_of(ptr, type, member) ({ \
852 const typeof( ((type *)0)->member ) *__mptr = (ptr); \
853 (type *)( (char *)__mptr - offsetof(type,member) );})
855 /* Rebuild everything on CONFIG_FTRACE_MCOUNT_RECORD */
856 #ifdef CONFIG_FTRACE_MCOUNT_RECORD
857 # define REBUILD_DUE_TO_FTRACE_MCOUNT_RECORD
860 /* Permissions on a sysfs file: you didn't miss the 0 prefix did you? */
861 #define VERIFY_OCTAL_PERMISSIONS(perms) \
862 (BUILD_BUG_ON_ZERO((perms) < 0) + \
863 BUILD_BUG_ON_ZERO((perms) > 0777) + \
864 /* USER_READABLE >= GROUP_READABLE >= OTHER_READABLE */ \
865 BUILD_BUG_ON_ZERO((((perms) >> 6) & 4) < (((perms) >> 3) & 4)) + \
866 BUILD_BUG_ON_ZERO((((perms) >> 3) & 4) < ((perms) & 4)) + \
867 /* USER_WRITABLE >= GROUP_WRITABLE */ \
868 BUILD_BUG_ON_ZERO((((perms) >> 6) & 2) < (((perms) >> 3) & 2)) + \
869 /* OTHER_WRITABLE? Generally considered a bad idea. */ \
870 BUILD_BUG_ON_ZERO((perms) & 2) + \