2 * Generic process-grouping system.
4 * Based originally on the cpuset system, extracted by Paul Menage
5 * Copyright (C) 2006 Google, Inc
7 * Notifications support
8 * Copyright (C) 2009 Nokia Corporation
9 * Author: Kirill A. Shutemov
11 * Copyright notices from the original cpuset code:
12 * --------------------------------------------------
13 * Copyright (C) 2003 BULL SA.
14 * Copyright (C) 2004-2006 Silicon Graphics, Inc.
16 * Portions derived from Patrick Mochel's sysfs code.
17 * sysfs is Copyright (c) 2001-3 Patrick Mochel
19 * 2003-10-10 Written by Simon Derr.
20 * 2003-10-22 Updates by Stephen Hemminger.
21 * 2004 May-July Rework by Paul Jackson.
22 * ---------------------------------------------------
24 * This file is subject to the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public
25 * License. See the file COPYING in the main directory of the Linux
26 * distribution for more details.
29 #define pr_fmt(fmt) KBUILD_MODNAME ": " fmt
31 #include <linux/cgroup.h>
32 #include <linux/cred.h>
33 #include <linux/ctype.h>
34 #include <linux/errno.h>
35 #include <linux/init_task.h>
36 #include <linux/kernel.h>
37 #include <linux/list.h>
39 #include <linux/mutex.h>
40 #include <linux/mount.h>
41 #include <linux/pagemap.h>
42 #include <linux/proc_fs.h>
43 #include <linux/rcupdate.h>
44 #include <linux/sched.h>
45 #include <linux/slab.h>
46 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
47 #include <linux/rwsem.h>
48 #include <linux/string.h>
49 #include <linux/sort.h>
50 #include <linux/kmod.h>
51 #include <linux/delayacct.h>
52 #include <linux/cgroupstats.h>
53 #include <linux/hashtable.h>
54 #include <linux/pid_namespace.h>
55 #include <linux/idr.h>
56 #include <linux/vmalloc.h> /* TODO: replace with more sophisticated array */
57 #include <linux/kthread.h>
58 #include <linux/delay.h>
60 #include <linux/atomic.h>
63 * pidlists linger the following amount before being destroyed. The goal
64 * is avoiding frequent destruction in the middle of consecutive read calls
65 * Expiring in the middle is a performance problem not a correctness one.
66 * 1 sec should be enough.
68 #define CGROUP_PIDLIST_DESTROY_DELAY HZ
70 #define CGROUP_FILE_NAME_MAX (MAX_CGROUP_TYPE_NAMELEN + \
74 * cgroup_tree_mutex nests above cgroup_mutex and protects cftypes, file
75 * creation/removal and hierarchy changing operations including cgroup
76 * creation, removal, css association and controller rebinding. This outer
77 * lock is needed mainly to resolve the circular dependency between kernfs
78 * active ref and cgroup_mutex. cgroup_tree_mutex nests above both.
80 static DEFINE_MUTEX(cgroup_tree_mutex);
83 * cgroup_mutex is the master lock. Any modification to cgroup or its
84 * hierarchy must be performed while holding it.
86 * css_set_rwsem protects task->cgroups pointer, the list of css_set
87 * objects, and the chain of tasks off each css_set.
89 * These locks are exported if CONFIG_PROVE_RCU so that accessors in
90 * cgroup.h can use them for lockdep annotations.
92 #ifdef CONFIG_PROVE_RCU
93 DEFINE_MUTEX(cgroup_mutex);
94 DECLARE_RWSEM(css_set_rwsem);
95 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(cgroup_mutex);
96 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(css_set_rwsem);
98 static DEFINE_MUTEX(cgroup_mutex);
99 static DECLARE_RWSEM(css_set_rwsem);
103 * Protects cgroup_idr and css_idr so that IDs can be released without
104 * grabbing cgroup_mutex.
106 static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(cgroup_idr_lock);
109 * Protects cgroup_subsys->release_agent_path. Modifying it also requires
110 * cgroup_mutex. Reading requires either cgroup_mutex or this spinlock.
112 static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(release_agent_path_lock);
114 #define cgroup_assert_mutexes_or_rcu_locked() \
115 rcu_lockdep_assert(rcu_read_lock_held() || \
116 lockdep_is_held(&cgroup_tree_mutex) || \
117 lockdep_is_held(&cgroup_mutex), \
118 "cgroup_[tree_]mutex or RCU read lock required");
121 * cgroup destruction makes heavy use of work items and there can be a lot
122 * of concurrent destructions. Use a separate workqueue so that cgroup
123 * destruction work items don't end up filling up max_active of system_wq
124 * which may lead to deadlock.
126 static struct workqueue_struct *cgroup_destroy_wq;
129 * pidlist destructions need to be flushed on cgroup destruction. Use a
130 * separate workqueue as flush domain.
132 static struct workqueue_struct *cgroup_pidlist_destroy_wq;
134 /* generate an array of cgroup subsystem pointers */
135 #define SUBSYS(_x) [_x ## _cgrp_id] = &_x ## _cgrp_subsys,
136 static struct cgroup_subsys *cgroup_subsys[] = {
137 #include <linux/cgroup_subsys.h>
141 /* array of cgroup subsystem names */
142 #define SUBSYS(_x) [_x ## _cgrp_id] = #_x,
143 static const char *cgroup_subsys_name[] = {
144 #include <linux/cgroup_subsys.h>
149 * The default hierarchy, reserved for the subsystems that are otherwise
150 * unattached - it never has more than a single cgroup, and all tasks are
151 * part of that cgroup.
153 struct cgroup_root cgrp_dfl_root;
156 * The default hierarchy always exists but is hidden until mounted for the
157 * first time. This is for backward compatibility.
159 static bool cgrp_dfl_root_visible;
161 /* The list of hierarchy roots */
163 static LIST_HEAD(cgroup_roots);
164 static int cgroup_root_count;
166 /* hierarchy ID allocation and mapping, protected by cgroup_mutex */
167 static DEFINE_IDR(cgroup_hierarchy_idr);
170 * Assign a monotonically increasing serial number to cgroups. It
171 * guarantees cgroups with bigger numbers are newer than those with smaller
172 * numbers. Also, as cgroups are always appended to the parent's
173 * ->children list, it guarantees that sibling cgroups are always sorted in
174 * the ascending serial number order on the list. Protected by
177 static u64 cgroup_serial_nr_next = 1;
179 /* This flag indicates whether tasks in the fork and exit paths should
180 * check for fork/exit handlers to call. This avoids us having to do
181 * extra work in the fork/exit path if none of the subsystems need to
184 static int need_forkexit_callback __read_mostly;
186 static struct cftype cgroup_base_files[];
188 static void cgroup_put(struct cgroup *cgrp);
189 static int rebind_subsystems(struct cgroup_root *dst_root,
190 unsigned int ss_mask);
191 static void cgroup_destroy_css_killed(struct cgroup *cgrp);
192 static int cgroup_destroy_locked(struct cgroup *cgrp);
193 static int create_css(struct cgroup *cgrp, struct cgroup_subsys *ss);
194 static void kill_css(struct cgroup_subsys_state *css);
195 static int cgroup_addrm_files(struct cgroup *cgrp, struct cftype cfts[],
197 static void cgroup_pidlist_destroy_all(struct cgroup *cgrp);
199 /* IDR wrappers which synchronize using cgroup_idr_lock */
200 static int cgroup_idr_alloc(struct idr *idr, void *ptr, int start, int end,
205 idr_preload(gfp_mask);
206 spin_lock_bh(&cgroup_idr_lock);
207 ret = idr_alloc(idr, ptr, start, end, gfp_mask);
208 spin_unlock_bh(&cgroup_idr_lock);
213 static void *cgroup_idr_replace(struct idr *idr, void *ptr, int id)
217 spin_lock_bh(&cgroup_idr_lock);
218 ret = idr_replace(idr, ptr, id);
219 spin_unlock_bh(&cgroup_idr_lock);
223 static void cgroup_idr_remove(struct idr *idr, int id)
225 spin_lock_bh(&cgroup_idr_lock);
227 spin_unlock_bh(&cgroup_idr_lock);
231 * cgroup_css - obtain a cgroup's css for the specified subsystem
232 * @cgrp: the cgroup of interest
233 * @ss: the subsystem of interest (%NULL returns the dummy_css)
235 * Return @cgrp's css (cgroup_subsys_state) associated with @ss. This
236 * function must be called either under cgroup_mutex or rcu_read_lock() and
237 * the caller is responsible for pinning the returned css if it wants to
238 * keep accessing it outside the said locks. This function may return
239 * %NULL if @cgrp doesn't have @subsys_id enabled.
241 static struct cgroup_subsys_state *cgroup_css(struct cgroup *cgrp,
242 struct cgroup_subsys *ss)
245 return rcu_dereference_check(cgrp->subsys[ss->id],
246 lockdep_is_held(&cgroup_tree_mutex) ||
247 lockdep_is_held(&cgroup_mutex));
249 return &cgrp->dummy_css;
253 * cgroup_e_css - obtain a cgroup's effective css for the specified subsystem
254 * @cgrp: the cgroup of interest
255 * @ss: the subsystem of interest (%NULL returns the dummy_css)
257 * Similar to cgroup_css() but returns the effctive css, which is defined
258 * as the matching css of the nearest ancestor including self which has @ss
259 * enabled. If @ss is associated with the hierarchy @cgrp is on, this
260 * function is guaranteed to return non-NULL css.
262 static struct cgroup_subsys_state *cgroup_e_css(struct cgroup *cgrp,
263 struct cgroup_subsys *ss)
265 lockdep_assert_held(&cgroup_mutex);
268 return &cgrp->dummy_css;
270 if (!(cgrp->root->subsys_mask & (1 << ss->id)))
273 while (cgrp->parent &&
274 !(cgrp->parent->child_subsys_mask & (1 << ss->id)))
277 return cgroup_css(cgrp, ss);
280 /* convenient tests for these bits */
281 static inline bool cgroup_is_dead(const struct cgroup *cgrp)
283 return test_bit(CGRP_DEAD, &cgrp->flags);
286 struct cgroup_subsys_state *seq_css(struct seq_file *seq)
288 struct kernfs_open_file *of = seq->private;
289 struct cgroup *cgrp = of->kn->parent->priv;
290 struct cftype *cft = seq_cft(seq);
293 * This is open and unprotected implementation of cgroup_css().
294 * seq_css() is only called from a kernfs file operation which has
295 * an active reference on the file. Because all the subsystem
296 * files are drained before a css is disassociated with a cgroup,
297 * the matching css from the cgroup's subsys table is guaranteed to
298 * be and stay valid until the enclosing operation is complete.
301 return rcu_dereference_raw(cgrp->subsys[cft->ss->id]);
303 return &cgrp->dummy_css;
305 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(seq_css);
308 * cgroup_is_descendant - test ancestry
309 * @cgrp: the cgroup to be tested
310 * @ancestor: possible ancestor of @cgrp
312 * Test whether @cgrp is a descendant of @ancestor. It also returns %true
313 * if @cgrp == @ancestor. This function is safe to call as long as @cgrp
314 * and @ancestor are accessible.
316 bool cgroup_is_descendant(struct cgroup *cgrp, struct cgroup *ancestor)
319 if (cgrp == ancestor)
326 static int cgroup_is_releasable(const struct cgroup *cgrp)
329 (1 << CGRP_RELEASABLE) |
330 (1 << CGRP_NOTIFY_ON_RELEASE);
331 return (cgrp->flags & bits) == bits;
334 static int notify_on_release(const struct cgroup *cgrp)
336 return test_bit(CGRP_NOTIFY_ON_RELEASE, &cgrp->flags);
340 * for_each_css - iterate all css's of a cgroup
341 * @css: the iteration cursor
342 * @ssid: the index of the subsystem, CGROUP_SUBSYS_COUNT after reaching the end
343 * @cgrp: the target cgroup to iterate css's of
345 * Should be called under cgroup_[tree_]mutex.
347 #define for_each_css(css, ssid, cgrp) \
348 for ((ssid) = 0; (ssid) < CGROUP_SUBSYS_COUNT; (ssid)++) \
349 if (!((css) = rcu_dereference_check( \
350 (cgrp)->subsys[(ssid)], \
351 lockdep_is_held(&cgroup_tree_mutex) || \
352 lockdep_is_held(&cgroup_mutex)))) { } \
356 * for_each_e_css - iterate all effective css's of a cgroup
357 * @css: the iteration cursor
358 * @ssid: the index of the subsystem, CGROUP_SUBSYS_COUNT after reaching the end
359 * @cgrp: the target cgroup to iterate css's of
361 * Should be called under cgroup_[tree_]mutex.
363 #define for_each_e_css(css, ssid, cgrp) \
364 for ((ssid) = 0; (ssid) < CGROUP_SUBSYS_COUNT; (ssid)++) \
365 if (!((css) = cgroup_e_css(cgrp, cgroup_subsys[(ssid)]))) \
370 * for_each_subsys - iterate all enabled cgroup subsystems
371 * @ss: the iteration cursor
372 * @ssid: the index of @ss, CGROUP_SUBSYS_COUNT after reaching the end
374 #define for_each_subsys(ss, ssid) \
375 for ((ssid) = 0; (ssid) < CGROUP_SUBSYS_COUNT && \
376 (((ss) = cgroup_subsys[ssid]) || true); (ssid)++)
378 /* iterate across the hierarchies */
379 #define for_each_root(root) \
380 list_for_each_entry((root), &cgroup_roots, root_list)
382 /* iterate over child cgrps, lock should be held throughout iteration */
383 #define cgroup_for_each_live_child(child, cgrp) \
384 list_for_each_entry((child), &(cgrp)->children, sibling) \
385 if (({ lockdep_assert_held(&cgroup_tree_mutex); \
386 cgroup_is_dead(child); })) \
391 * cgroup_lock_live_group - take cgroup_mutex and check that cgrp is alive.
392 * @cgrp: the cgroup to be checked for liveness
394 * On success, returns true; the mutex should be later unlocked. On
395 * failure returns false with no lock held.
397 static bool cgroup_lock_live_group(struct cgroup *cgrp)
399 mutex_lock(&cgroup_mutex);
400 if (cgroup_is_dead(cgrp)) {
401 mutex_unlock(&cgroup_mutex);
407 /* the list of cgroups eligible for automatic release. Protected by
408 * release_list_lock */
409 static LIST_HEAD(release_list);
410 static DEFINE_RAW_SPINLOCK(release_list_lock);
411 static void cgroup_release_agent(struct work_struct *work);
412 static DECLARE_WORK(release_agent_work, cgroup_release_agent);
413 static void check_for_release(struct cgroup *cgrp);
416 * A cgroup can be associated with multiple css_sets as different tasks may
417 * belong to different cgroups on different hierarchies. In the other
418 * direction, a css_set is naturally associated with multiple cgroups.
419 * This M:N relationship is represented by the following link structure
420 * which exists for each association and allows traversing the associations
423 struct cgrp_cset_link {
424 /* the cgroup and css_set this link associates */
426 struct css_set *cset;
428 /* list of cgrp_cset_links anchored at cgrp->cset_links */
429 struct list_head cset_link;
431 /* list of cgrp_cset_links anchored at css_set->cgrp_links */
432 struct list_head cgrp_link;
436 * The default css_set - used by init and its children prior to any
437 * hierarchies being mounted. It contains a pointer to the root state
438 * for each subsystem. Also used to anchor the list of css_sets. Not
439 * reference-counted, to improve performance when child cgroups
440 * haven't been created.
442 struct css_set init_css_set = {
443 .refcount = ATOMIC_INIT(1),
444 .cgrp_links = LIST_HEAD_INIT(init_css_set.cgrp_links),
445 .tasks = LIST_HEAD_INIT(init_css_set.tasks),
446 .mg_tasks = LIST_HEAD_INIT(init_css_set.mg_tasks),
447 .mg_preload_node = LIST_HEAD_INIT(init_css_set.mg_preload_node),
448 .mg_node = LIST_HEAD_INIT(init_css_set.mg_node),
451 static int css_set_count = 1; /* 1 for init_css_set */
454 * cgroup_update_populated - updated populated count of a cgroup
455 * @cgrp: the target cgroup
456 * @populated: inc or dec populated count
458 * @cgrp is either getting the first task (css_set) or losing the last.
459 * Update @cgrp->populated_cnt accordingly. The count is propagated
460 * towards root so that a given cgroup's populated_cnt is zero iff the
461 * cgroup and all its descendants are empty.
463 * @cgrp's interface file "cgroup.populated" is zero if
464 * @cgrp->populated_cnt is zero and 1 otherwise. When @cgrp->populated_cnt
465 * changes from or to zero, userland is notified that the content of the
466 * interface file has changed. This can be used to detect when @cgrp and
467 * its descendants become populated or empty.
469 static void cgroup_update_populated(struct cgroup *cgrp, bool populated)
471 lockdep_assert_held(&css_set_rwsem);
477 trigger = !cgrp->populated_cnt++;
479 trigger = !--cgrp->populated_cnt;
484 if (cgrp->populated_kn)
485 kernfs_notify(cgrp->populated_kn);
491 * hash table for cgroup groups. This improves the performance to find
492 * an existing css_set. This hash doesn't (currently) take into
493 * account cgroups in empty hierarchies.
495 #define CSS_SET_HASH_BITS 7
496 static DEFINE_HASHTABLE(css_set_table, CSS_SET_HASH_BITS);
498 static unsigned long css_set_hash(struct cgroup_subsys_state *css[])
500 unsigned long key = 0UL;
501 struct cgroup_subsys *ss;
504 for_each_subsys(ss, i)
505 key += (unsigned long)css[i];
506 key = (key >> 16) ^ key;
511 static void put_css_set_locked(struct css_set *cset, bool taskexit)
513 struct cgrp_cset_link *link, *tmp_link;
514 struct cgroup_subsys *ss;
517 lockdep_assert_held(&css_set_rwsem);
519 if (!atomic_dec_and_test(&cset->refcount))
522 /* This css_set is dead. unlink it and release cgroup refcounts */
523 for_each_subsys(ss, ssid)
524 list_del(&cset->e_cset_node[ssid]);
525 hash_del(&cset->hlist);
528 list_for_each_entry_safe(link, tmp_link, &cset->cgrp_links, cgrp_link) {
529 struct cgroup *cgrp = link->cgrp;
531 list_del(&link->cset_link);
532 list_del(&link->cgrp_link);
534 /* @cgrp can't go away while we're holding css_set_rwsem */
535 if (list_empty(&cgrp->cset_links)) {
536 cgroup_update_populated(cgrp, false);
537 if (notify_on_release(cgrp)) {
539 set_bit(CGRP_RELEASABLE, &cgrp->flags);
540 check_for_release(cgrp);
547 kfree_rcu(cset, rcu_head);
550 static void put_css_set(struct css_set *cset, bool taskexit)
553 * Ensure that the refcount doesn't hit zero while any readers
554 * can see it. Similar to atomic_dec_and_lock(), but for an
557 if (atomic_add_unless(&cset->refcount, -1, 1))
560 down_write(&css_set_rwsem);
561 put_css_set_locked(cset, taskexit);
562 up_write(&css_set_rwsem);
566 * refcounted get/put for css_set objects
568 static inline void get_css_set(struct css_set *cset)
570 atomic_inc(&cset->refcount);
574 * compare_css_sets - helper function for find_existing_css_set().
575 * @cset: candidate css_set being tested
576 * @old_cset: existing css_set for a task
577 * @new_cgrp: cgroup that's being entered by the task
578 * @template: desired set of css pointers in css_set (pre-calculated)
580 * Returns true if "cset" matches "old_cset" except for the hierarchy
581 * which "new_cgrp" belongs to, for which it should match "new_cgrp".
583 static bool compare_css_sets(struct css_set *cset,
584 struct css_set *old_cset,
585 struct cgroup *new_cgrp,
586 struct cgroup_subsys_state *template[])
588 struct list_head *l1, *l2;
591 * On the default hierarchy, there can be csets which are
592 * associated with the same set of cgroups but different csses.
593 * Let's first ensure that csses match.
595 if (memcmp(template, cset->subsys, sizeof(cset->subsys)))
599 * Compare cgroup pointers in order to distinguish between
600 * different cgroups in hierarchies. As different cgroups may
601 * share the same effective css, this comparison is always
604 l1 = &cset->cgrp_links;
605 l2 = &old_cset->cgrp_links;
607 struct cgrp_cset_link *link1, *link2;
608 struct cgroup *cgrp1, *cgrp2;
612 /* See if we reached the end - both lists are equal length. */
613 if (l1 == &cset->cgrp_links) {
614 BUG_ON(l2 != &old_cset->cgrp_links);
617 BUG_ON(l2 == &old_cset->cgrp_links);
619 /* Locate the cgroups associated with these links. */
620 link1 = list_entry(l1, struct cgrp_cset_link, cgrp_link);
621 link2 = list_entry(l2, struct cgrp_cset_link, cgrp_link);
624 /* Hierarchies should be linked in the same order. */
625 BUG_ON(cgrp1->root != cgrp2->root);
628 * If this hierarchy is the hierarchy of the cgroup
629 * that's changing, then we need to check that this
630 * css_set points to the new cgroup; if it's any other
631 * hierarchy, then this css_set should point to the
632 * same cgroup as the old css_set.
634 if (cgrp1->root == new_cgrp->root) {
635 if (cgrp1 != new_cgrp)
646 * find_existing_css_set - init css array and find the matching css_set
647 * @old_cset: the css_set that we're using before the cgroup transition
648 * @cgrp: the cgroup that we're moving into
649 * @template: out param for the new set of csses, should be clear on entry
651 static struct css_set *find_existing_css_set(struct css_set *old_cset,
653 struct cgroup_subsys_state *template[])
655 struct cgroup_root *root = cgrp->root;
656 struct cgroup_subsys *ss;
657 struct css_set *cset;
662 * Build the set of subsystem state objects that we want to see in the
663 * new css_set. while subsystems can change globally, the entries here
664 * won't change, so no need for locking.
666 for_each_subsys(ss, i) {
667 if (root->subsys_mask & (1UL << i)) {
669 * @ss is in this hierarchy, so we want the
670 * effective css from @cgrp.
672 template[i] = cgroup_e_css(cgrp, ss);
675 * @ss is not in this hierarchy, so we don't want
678 template[i] = old_cset->subsys[i];
682 key = css_set_hash(template);
683 hash_for_each_possible(css_set_table, cset, hlist, key) {
684 if (!compare_css_sets(cset, old_cset, cgrp, template))
687 /* This css_set matches what we need */
691 /* No existing cgroup group matched */
695 static void free_cgrp_cset_links(struct list_head *links_to_free)
697 struct cgrp_cset_link *link, *tmp_link;
699 list_for_each_entry_safe(link, tmp_link, links_to_free, cset_link) {
700 list_del(&link->cset_link);
706 * allocate_cgrp_cset_links - allocate cgrp_cset_links
707 * @count: the number of links to allocate
708 * @tmp_links: list_head the allocated links are put on
710 * Allocate @count cgrp_cset_link structures and chain them on @tmp_links
711 * through ->cset_link. Returns 0 on success or -errno.
713 static int allocate_cgrp_cset_links(int count, struct list_head *tmp_links)
715 struct cgrp_cset_link *link;
718 INIT_LIST_HEAD(tmp_links);
720 for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
721 link = kzalloc(sizeof(*link), GFP_KERNEL);
723 free_cgrp_cset_links(tmp_links);
726 list_add(&link->cset_link, tmp_links);
732 * link_css_set - a helper function to link a css_set to a cgroup
733 * @tmp_links: cgrp_cset_link objects allocated by allocate_cgrp_cset_links()
734 * @cset: the css_set to be linked
735 * @cgrp: the destination cgroup
737 static void link_css_set(struct list_head *tmp_links, struct css_set *cset,
740 struct cgrp_cset_link *link;
742 BUG_ON(list_empty(tmp_links));
744 if (cgroup_on_dfl(cgrp))
745 cset->dfl_cgrp = cgrp;
747 link = list_first_entry(tmp_links, struct cgrp_cset_link, cset_link);
751 if (list_empty(&cgrp->cset_links))
752 cgroup_update_populated(cgrp, true);
753 list_move(&link->cset_link, &cgrp->cset_links);
756 * Always add links to the tail of the list so that the list
757 * is sorted by order of hierarchy creation
759 list_add_tail(&link->cgrp_link, &cset->cgrp_links);
763 * find_css_set - return a new css_set with one cgroup updated
764 * @old_cset: the baseline css_set
765 * @cgrp: the cgroup to be updated
767 * Return a new css_set that's equivalent to @old_cset, but with @cgrp
768 * substituted into the appropriate hierarchy.
770 static struct css_set *find_css_set(struct css_set *old_cset,
773 struct cgroup_subsys_state *template[CGROUP_SUBSYS_COUNT] = { };
774 struct css_set *cset;
775 struct list_head tmp_links;
776 struct cgrp_cset_link *link;
777 struct cgroup_subsys *ss;
781 lockdep_assert_held(&cgroup_mutex);
783 /* First see if we already have a cgroup group that matches
785 down_read(&css_set_rwsem);
786 cset = find_existing_css_set(old_cset, cgrp, template);
789 up_read(&css_set_rwsem);
794 cset = kzalloc(sizeof(*cset), GFP_KERNEL);
798 /* Allocate all the cgrp_cset_link objects that we'll need */
799 if (allocate_cgrp_cset_links(cgroup_root_count, &tmp_links) < 0) {
804 atomic_set(&cset->refcount, 1);
805 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&cset->cgrp_links);
806 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&cset->tasks);
807 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&cset->mg_tasks);
808 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&cset->mg_preload_node);
809 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&cset->mg_node);
810 INIT_HLIST_NODE(&cset->hlist);
812 /* Copy the set of subsystem state objects generated in
813 * find_existing_css_set() */
814 memcpy(cset->subsys, template, sizeof(cset->subsys));
816 down_write(&css_set_rwsem);
817 /* Add reference counts and links from the new css_set. */
818 list_for_each_entry(link, &old_cset->cgrp_links, cgrp_link) {
819 struct cgroup *c = link->cgrp;
821 if (c->root == cgrp->root)
823 link_css_set(&tmp_links, cset, c);
826 BUG_ON(!list_empty(&tmp_links));
830 /* Add @cset to the hash table */
831 key = css_set_hash(cset->subsys);
832 hash_add(css_set_table, &cset->hlist, key);
834 for_each_subsys(ss, ssid)
835 list_add_tail(&cset->e_cset_node[ssid],
836 &cset->subsys[ssid]->cgroup->e_csets[ssid]);
838 up_write(&css_set_rwsem);
843 static struct cgroup_root *cgroup_root_from_kf(struct kernfs_root *kf_root)
845 struct cgroup *root_cgrp = kf_root->kn->priv;
847 return root_cgrp->root;
850 static int cgroup_init_root_id(struct cgroup_root *root)
854 lockdep_assert_held(&cgroup_mutex);
856 id = idr_alloc_cyclic(&cgroup_hierarchy_idr, root, 0, 0, GFP_KERNEL);
860 root->hierarchy_id = id;
864 static void cgroup_exit_root_id(struct cgroup_root *root)
866 lockdep_assert_held(&cgroup_mutex);
868 if (root->hierarchy_id) {
869 idr_remove(&cgroup_hierarchy_idr, root->hierarchy_id);
870 root->hierarchy_id = 0;
874 static void cgroup_free_root(struct cgroup_root *root)
877 /* hierarhcy ID shoulid already have been released */
878 WARN_ON_ONCE(root->hierarchy_id);
880 idr_destroy(&root->cgroup_idr);
885 static void cgroup_destroy_root(struct cgroup_root *root)
887 struct cgroup *cgrp = &root->cgrp;
888 struct cgrp_cset_link *link, *tmp_link;
890 mutex_lock(&cgroup_tree_mutex);
891 mutex_lock(&cgroup_mutex);
893 BUG_ON(atomic_read(&root->nr_cgrps));
894 BUG_ON(!list_empty(&cgrp->children));
896 /* Rebind all subsystems back to the default hierarchy */
897 rebind_subsystems(&cgrp_dfl_root, root->subsys_mask);
900 * Release all the links from cset_links to this hierarchy's
903 down_write(&css_set_rwsem);
905 list_for_each_entry_safe(link, tmp_link, &cgrp->cset_links, cset_link) {
906 list_del(&link->cset_link);
907 list_del(&link->cgrp_link);
910 up_write(&css_set_rwsem);
912 if (!list_empty(&root->root_list)) {
913 list_del(&root->root_list);
917 cgroup_exit_root_id(root);
919 mutex_unlock(&cgroup_mutex);
920 mutex_unlock(&cgroup_tree_mutex);
922 kernfs_destroy_root(root->kf_root);
923 cgroup_free_root(root);
926 /* look up cgroup associated with given css_set on the specified hierarchy */
927 static struct cgroup *cset_cgroup_from_root(struct css_set *cset,
928 struct cgroup_root *root)
930 struct cgroup *res = NULL;
932 lockdep_assert_held(&cgroup_mutex);
933 lockdep_assert_held(&css_set_rwsem);
935 if (cset == &init_css_set) {
938 struct cgrp_cset_link *link;
940 list_for_each_entry(link, &cset->cgrp_links, cgrp_link) {
941 struct cgroup *c = link->cgrp;
943 if (c->root == root) {
955 * Return the cgroup for "task" from the given hierarchy. Must be
956 * called with cgroup_mutex and css_set_rwsem held.
958 static struct cgroup *task_cgroup_from_root(struct task_struct *task,
959 struct cgroup_root *root)
962 * No need to lock the task - since we hold cgroup_mutex the
963 * task can't change groups, so the only thing that can happen
964 * is that it exits and its css is set back to init_css_set.
966 return cset_cgroup_from_root(task_css_set(task), root);
970 * A task must hold cgroup_mutex to modify cgroups.
972 * Any task can increment and decrement the count field without lock.
973 * So in general, code holding cgroup_mutex can't rely on the count
974 * field not changing. However, if the count goes to zero, then only
975 * cgroup_attach_task() can increment it again. Because a count of zero
976 * means that no tasks are currently attached, therefore there is no
977 * way a task attached to that cgroup can fork (the other way to
978 * increment the count). So code holding cgroup_mutex can safely
979 * assume that if the count is zero, it will stay zero. Similarly, if
980 * a task holds cgroup_mutex on a cgroup with zero count, it
981 * knows that the cgroup won't be removed, as cgroup_rmdir()
984 * The fork and exit callbacks cgroup_fork() and cgroup_exit(), don't
985 * (usually) take cgroup_mutex. These are the two most performance
986 * critical pieces of code here. The exception occurs on cgroup_exit(),
987 * when a task in a notify_on_release cgroup exits. Then cgroup_mutex
988 * is taken, and if the cgroup count is zero, a usermode call made
989 * to the release agent with the name of the cgroup (path relative to
990 * the root of cgroup file system) as the argument.
992 * A cgroup can only be deleted if both its 'count' of using tasks
993 * is zero, and its list of 'children' cgroups is empty. Since all
994 * tasks in the system use _some_ cgroup, and since there is always at
995 * least one task in the system (init, pid == 1), therefore, root cgroup
996 * always has either children cgroups and/or using tasks. So we don't
997 * need a special hack to ensure that root cgroup cannot be deleted.
999 * P.S. One more locking exception. RCU is used to guard the
1000 * update of a tasks cgroup pointer by cgroup_attach_task()
1003 static int cgroup_populate_dir(struct cgroup *cgrp, unsigned int subsys_mask);
1004 static struct kernfs_syscall_ops cgroup_kf_syscall_ops;
1005 static const struct file_operations proc_cgroupstats_operations;
1007 static char *cgroup_file_name(struct cgroup *cgrp, const struct cftype *cft,
1010 if (cft->ss && !(cft->flags & CFTYPE_NO_PREFIX) &&
1011 !(cgrp->root->flags & CGRP_ROOT_NOPREFIX))
1012 snprintf(buf, CGROUP_FILE_NAME_MAX, "%s.%s",
1013 cft->ss->name, cft->name);
1015 strncpy(buf, cft->name, CGROUP_FILE_NAME_MAX);
1020 * cgroup_file_mode - deduce file mode of a control file
1021 * @cft: the control file in question
1023 * returns cft->mode if ->mode is not 0
1024 * returns S_IRUGO|S_IWUSR if it has both a read and a write handler
1025 * returns S_IRUGO if it has only a read handler
1026 * returns S_IWUSR if it has only a write hander
1028 static umode_t cgroup_file_mode(const struct cftype *cft)
1035 if (cft->read_u64 || cft->read_s64 || cft->seq_show)
1038 if (cft->write_u64 || cft->write_s64 || cft->write_string ||
1045 static void cgroup_free_fn(struct work_struct *work)
1047 struct cgroup *cgrp = container_of(work, struct cgroup, destroy_work);
1049 atomic_dec(&cgrp->root->nr_cgrps);
1050 cgroup_pidlist_destroy_all(cgrp);
1054 * We get a ref to the parent, and put the ref when this
1055 * cgroup is being freed, so it's guaranteed that the
1056 * parent won't be destroyed before its children.
1058 cgroup_put(cgrp->parent);
1059 kernfs_put(cgrp->kn);
1063 * This is root cgroup's refcnt reaching zero, which
1064 * indicates that the root should be released.
1066 cgroup_destroy_root(cgrp->root);
1070 static void cgroup_free_rcu(struct rcu_head *head)
1072 struct cgroup *cgrp = container_of(head, struct cgroup, rcu_head);
1074 INIT_WORK(&cgrp->destroy_work, cgroup_free_fn);
1075 queue_work(cgroup_destroy_wq, &cgrp->destroy_work);
1078 static void cgroup_get(struct cgroup *cgrp)
1080 WARN_ON_ONCE(cgroup_is_dead(cgrp));
1081 WARN_ON_ONCE(atomic_read(&cgrp->refcnt) <= 0);
1082 atomic_inc(&cgrp->refcnt);
1085 static void cgroup_put(struct cgroup *cgrp)
1087 if (!atomic_dec_and_test(&cgrp->refcnt))
1089 if (WARN_ON_ONCE(cgrp->parent && !cgroup_is_dead(cgrp)))
1092 cgroup_idr_remove(&cgrp->root->cgroup_idr, cgrp->id);
1095 call_rcu(&cgrp->rcu_head, cgroup_free_rcu);
1098 static void cgroup_rm_file(struct cgroup *cgrp, const struct cftype *cft)
1100 char name[CGROUP_FILE_NAME_MAX];
1102 lockdep_assert_held(&cgroup_tree_mutex);
1103 kernfs_remove_by_name(cgrp->kn, cgroup_file_name(cgrp, cft, name));
1107 * cgroup_clear_dir - remove subsys files in a cgroup directory
1108 * @cgrp: target cgroup
1109 * @subsys_mask: mask of the subsystem ids whose files should be removed
1111 static void cgroup_clear_dir(struct cgroup *cgrp, unsigned int subsys_mask)
1113 struct cgroup_subsys *ss;
1116 for_each_subsys(ss, i) {
1117 struct cftype *cfts;
1119 if (!(subsys_mask & (1 << i)))
1121 list_for_each_entry(cfts, &ss->cfts, node)
1122 cgroup_addrm_files(cgrp, cfts, false);
1126 static int rebind_subsystems(struct cgroup_root *dst_root, unsigned int ss_mask)
1128 struct cgroup_subsys *ss;
1131 lockdep_assert_held(&cgroup_tree_mutex);
1132 lockdep_assert_held(&cgroup_mutex);
1134 for_each_subsys(ss, ssid) {
1135 if (!(ss_mask & (1 << ssid)))
1138 /* if @ss has non-root csses attached to it, can't move */
1139 if (css_next_child(NULL, cgroup_css(&ss->root->cgrp, ss)))
1142 /* can't move between two non-dummy roots either */
1143 if (ss->root != &cgrp_dfl_root && dst_root != &cgrp_dfl_root)
1147 ret = cgroup_populate_dir(&dst_root->cgrp, ss_mask);
1149 if (dst_root != &cgrp_dfl_root)
1153 * Rebinding back to the default root is not allowed to
1154 * fail. Using both default and non-default roots should
1155 * be rare. Moving subsystems back and forth even more so.
1156 * Just warn about it and continue.
1158 if (cgrp_dfl_root_visible) {
1159 pr_warn("failed to create files (%d) while rebinding 0x%x to default root\n",
1161 pr_warn("you may retry by moving them to a different hierarchy and unbinding\n");
1166 * Nothing can fail from this point on. Remove files for the
1167 * removed subsystems and rebind each subsystem.
1169 mutex_unlock(&cgroup_mutex);
1170 for_each_subsys(ss, ssid)
1171 if (ss_mask & (1 << ssid))
1172 cgroup_clear_dir(&ss->root->cgrp, 1 << ssid);
1173 mutex_lock(&cgroup_mutex);
1175 for_each_subsys(ss, ssid) {
1176 struct cgroup_root *src_root;
1177 struct cgroup_subsys_state *css;
1178 struct css_set *cset;
1180 if (!(ss_mask & (1 << ssid)))
1183 src_root = ss->root;
1184 css = cgroup_css(&src_root->cgrp, ss);
1186 WARN_ON(!css || cgroup_css(&dst_root->cgrp, ss));
1188 RCU_INIT_POINTER(src_root->cgrp.subsys[ssid], NULL);
1189 rcu_assign_pointer(dst_root->cgrp.subsys[ssid], css);
1190 ss->root = dst_root;
1191 css->cgroup = &dst_root->cgrp;
1193 down_write(&css_set_rwsem);
1194 hash_for_each(css_set_table, i, cset, hlist)
1195 list_move_tail(&cset->e_cset_node[ss->id],
1196 &dst_root->cgrp.e_csets[ss->id]);
1197 up_write(&css_set_rwsem);
1199 src_root->subsys_mask &= ~(1 << ssid);
1200 src_root->cgrp.child_subsys_mask &= ~(1 << ssid);
1202 /* default hierarchy doesn't enable controllers by default */
1203 dst_root->subsys_mask |= 1 << ssid;
1204 if (dst_root != &cgrp_dfl_root)
1205 dst_root->cgrp.child_subsys_mask |= 1 << ssid;
1211 kernfs_activate(dst_root->cgrp.kn);
1215 static int cgroup_show_options(struct seq_file *seq,
1216 struct kernfs_root *kf_root)
1218 struct cgroup_root *root = cgroup_root_from_kf(kf_root);
1219 struct cgroup_subsys *ss;
1222 for_each_subsys(ss, ssid)
1223 if (root->subsys_mask & (1 << ssid))
1224 seq_printf(seq, ",%s", ss->name);
1225 if (root->flags & CGRP_ROOT_SANE_BEHAVIOR)
1226 seq_puts(seq, ",sane_behavior");
1227 if (root->flags & CGRP_ROOT_NOPREFIX)
1228 seq_puts(seq, ",noprefix");
1229 if (root->flags & CGRP_ROOT_XATTR)
1230 seq_puts(seq, ",xattr");
1232 spin_lock(&release_agent_path_lock);
1233 if (strlen(root->release_agent_path))
1234 seq_printf(seq, ",release_agent=%s", root->release_agent_path);
1235 spin_unlock(&release_agent_path_lock);
1237 if (test_bit(CGRP_CPUSET_CLONE_CHILDREN, &root->cgrp.flags))
1238 seq_puts(seq, ",clone_children");
1239 if (strlen(root->name))
1240 seq_printf(seq, ",name=%s", root->name);
1244 struct cgroup_sb_opts {
1245 unsigned int subsys_mask;
1247 char *release_agent;
1248 bool cpuset_clone_children;
1250 /* User explicitly requested empty subsystem */
1254 static int parse_cgroupfs_options(char *data, struct cgroup_sb_opts *opts)
1256 char *token, *o = data;
1257 bool all_ss = false, one_ss = false;
1258 unsigned int mask = -1U;
1259 struct cgroup_subsys *ss;
1262 #ifdef CONFIG_CPUSETS
1263 mask = ~(1U << cpuset_cgrp_id);
1266 memset(opts, 0, sizeof(*opts));
1268 while ((token = strsep(&o, ",")) != NULL) {
1271 if (!strcmp(token, "none")) {
1272 /* Explicitly have no subsystems */
1276 if (!strcmp(token, "all")) {
1277 /* Mutually exclusive option 'all' + subsystem name */
1283 if (!strcmp(token, "__DEVEL__sane_behavior")) {
1284 opts->flags |= CGRP_ROOT_SANE_BEHAVIOR;
1287 if (!strcmp(token, "noprefix")) {
1288 opts->flags |= CGRP_ROOT_NOPREFIX;
1291 if (!strcmp(token, "clone_children")) {
1292 opts->cpuset_clone_children = true;
1295 if (!strcmp(token, "xattr")) {
1296 opts->flags |= CGRP_ROOT_XATTR;
1299 if (!strncmp(token, "release_agent=", 14)) {
1300 /* Specifying two release agents is forbidden */
1301 if (opts->release_agent)
1303 opts->release_agent =
1304 kstrndup(token + 14, PATH_MAX - 1, GFP_KERNEL);
1305 if (!opts->release_agent)
1309 if (!strncmp(token, "name=", 5)) {
1310 const char *name = token + 5;
1311 /* Can't specify an empty name */
1314 /* Must match [\w.-]+ */
1315 for (i = 0; i < strlen(name); i++) {
1319 if ((c == '.') || (c == '-') || (c == '_'))
1323 /* Specifying two names is forbidden */
1326 opts->name = kstrndup(name,
1327 MAX_CGROUP_ROOT_NAMELEN - 1,
1335 for_each_subsys(ss, i) {
1336 if (strcmp(token, ss->name))
1341 /* Mutually exclusive option 'all' + subsystem name */
1344 opts->subsys_mask |= (1 << i);
1349 if (i == CGROUP_SUBSYS_COUNT)
1353 /* Consistency checks */
1355 if (opts->flags & CGRP_ROOT_SANE_BEHAVIOR) {
1356 pr_warn("sane_behavior: this is still under development and its behaviors will change, proceed at your own risk\n");
1358 if ((opts->flags & (CGRP_ROOT_NOPREFIX | CGRP_ROOT_XATTR)) ||
1359 opts->cpuset_clone_children || opts->release_agent ||
1361 pr_err("sane_behavior: noprefix, xattr, clone_children, release_agent and name are not allowed\n");
1366 * If the 'all' option was specified select all the
1367 * subsystems, otherwise if 'none', 'name=' and a subsystem
1368 * name options were not specified, let's default to 'all'
1370 if (all_ss || (!one_ss && !opts->none && !opts->name))
1371 for_each_subsys(ss, i)
1373 opts->subsys_mask |= (1 << i);
1376 * We either have to specify by name or by subsystems. (So
1377 * all empty hierarchies must have a name).
1379 if (!opts->subsys_mask && !opts->name)
1384 * Option noprefix was introduced just for backward compatibility
1385 * with the old cpuset, so we allow noprefix only if mounting just
1386 * the cpuset subsystem.
1388 if ((opts->flags & CGRP_ROOT_NOPREFIX) && (opts->subsys_mask & mask))
1392 /* Can't specify "none" and some subsystems */
1393 if (opts->subsys_mask && opts->none)
1399 static int cgroup_remount(struct kernfs_root *kf_root, int *flags, char *data)
1402 struct cgroup_root *root = cgroup_root_from_kf(kf_root);
1403 struct cgroup_sb_opts opts;
1404 unsigned int added_mask, removed_mask;
1406 if (root->flags & CGRP_ROOT_SANE_BEHAVIOR) {
1407 pr_err("sane_behavior: remount is not allowed\n");
1411 mutex_lock(&cgroup_tree_mutex);
1412 mutex_lock(&cgroup_mutex);
1414 /* See what subsystems are wanted */
1415 ret = parse_cgroupfs_options(data, &opts);
1419 if (opts.subsys_mask != root->subsys_mask || opts.release_agent)
1420 pr_warn("option changes via remount are deprecated (pid=%d comm=%s)\n",
1421 task_tgid_nr(current), current->comm);
1423 added_mask = opts.subsys_mask & ~root->subsys_mask;
1424 removed_mask = root->subsys_mask & ~opts.subsys_mask;
1426 /* Don't allow flags or name to change at remount */
1427 if (((opts.flags ^ root->flags) & CGRP_ROOT_OPTION_MASK) ||
1428 (opts.name && strcmp(opts.name, root->name))) {
1429 pr_err("option or name mismatch, new: 0x%x \"%s\", old: 0x%x \"%s\"\n",
1430 opts.flags & CGRP_ROOT_OPTION_MASK, opts.name ?: "",
1431 root->flags & CGRP_ROOT_OPTION_MASK, root->name);
1436 /* remounting is not allowed for populated hierarchies */
1437 if (!list_empty(&root->cgrp.children)) {
1442 ret = rebind_subsystems(root, added_mask);
1446 rebind_subsystems(&cgrp_dfl_root, removed_mask);
1448 if (opts.release_agent) {
1449 spin_lock(&release_agent_path_lock);
1450 strcpy(root->release_agent_path, opts.release_agent);
1451 spin_unlock(&release_agent_path_lock);
1454 kfree(opts.release_agent);
1456 mutex_unlock(&cgroup_mutex);
1457 mutex_unlock(&cgroup_tree_mutex);
1462 * To reduce the fork() overhead for systems that are not actually using
1463 * their cgroups capability, we don't maintain the lists running through
1464 * each css_set to its tasks until we see the list actually used - in other
1465 * words after the first mount.
1467 static bool use_task_css_set_links __read_mostly;
1469 static void cgroup_enable_task_cg_lists(void)
1471 struct task_struct *p, *g;
1473 down_write(&css_set_rwsem);
1475 if (use_task_css_set_links)
1478 use_task_css_set_links = true;
1481 * We need tasklist_lock because RCU is not safe against
1482 * while_each_thread(). Besides, a forking task that has passed
1483 * cgroup_post_fork() without seeing use_task_css_set_links = 1
1484 * is not guaranteed to have its child immediately visible in the
1485 * tasklist if we walk through it with RCU.
1487 read_lock(&tasklist_lock);
1488 do_each_thread(g, p) {
1489 WARN_ON_ONCE(!list_empty(&p->cg_list) ||
1490 task_css_set(p) != &init_css_set);
1493 * We should check if the process is exiting, otherwise
1494 * it will race with cgroup_exit() in that the list
1495 * entry won't be deleted though the process has exited.
1496 * Do it while holding siglock so that we don't end up
1497 * racing against cgroup_exit().
1499 spin_lock_irq(&p->sighand->siglock);
1500 if (!(p->flags & PF_EXITING)) {
1501 struct css_set *cset = task_css_set(p);
1503 list_add(&p->cg_list, &cset->tasks);
1506 spin_unlock_irq(&p->sighand->siglock);
1507 } while_each_thread(g, p);
1508 read_unlock(&tasklist_lock);
1510 up_write(&css_set_rwsem);
1513 static void init_cgroup_housekeeping(struct cgroup *cgrp)
1515 struct cgroup_subsys *ss;
1518 atomic_set(&cgrp->refcnt, 1);
1519 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&cgrp->sibling);
1520 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&cgrp->children);
1521 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&cgrp->cset_links);
1522 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&cgrp->release_list);
1523 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&cgrp->pidlists);
1524 mutex_init(&cgrp->pidlist_mutex);
1525 cgrp->dummy_css.cgroup = cgrp;
1527 for_each_subsys(ss, ssid)
1528 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&cgrp->e_csets[ssid]);
1530 init_waitqueue_head(&cgrp->offline_waitq);
1533 static void init_cgroup_root(struct cgroup_root *root,
1534 struct cgroup_sb_opts *opts)
1536 struct cgroup *cgrp = &root->cgrp;
1538 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&root->root_list);
1539 atomic_set(&root->nr_cgrps, 1);
1541 init_cgroup_housekeeping(cgrp);
1542 idr_init(&root->cgroup_idr);
1544 root->flags = opts->flags;
1545 if (opts->release_agent)
1546 strcpy(root->release_agent_path, opts->release_agent);
1548 strcpy(root->name, opts->name);
1549 if (opts->cpuset_clone_children)
1550 set_bit(CGRP_CPUSET_CLONE_CHILDREN, &root->cgrp.flags);
1553 static int cgroup_setup_root(struct cgroup_root *root, unsigned int ss_mask)
1555 LIST_HEAD(tmp_links);
1556 struct cgroup *root_cgrp = &root->cgrp;
1557 struct css_set *cset;
1560 lockdep_assert_held(&cgroup_tree_mutex);
1561 lockdep_assert_held(&cgroup_mutex);
1563 ret = cgroup_idr_alloc(&root->cgroup_idr, root_cgrp, 1, 2, GFP_NOWAIT);
1566 root_cgrp->id = ret;
1569 * We're accessing css_set_count without locking css_set_rwsem here,
1570 * but that's OK - it can only be increased by someone holding
1571 * cgroup_lock, and that's us. The worst that can happen is that we
1572 * have some link structures left over
1574 ret = allocate_cgrp_cset_links(css_set_count, &tmp_links);
1578 ret = cgroup_init_root_id(root);
1582 root->kf_root = kernfs_create_root(&cgroup_kf_syscall_ops,
1583 KERNFS_ROOT_CREATE_DEACTIVATED,
1585 if (IS_ERR(root->kf_root)) {
1586 ret = PTR_ERR(root->kf_root);
1589 root_cgrp->kn = root->kf_root->kn;
1591 ret = cgroup_addrm_files(root_cgrp, cgroup_base_files, true);
1595 ret = rebind_subsystems(root, ss_mask);
1600 * There must be no failure case after here, since rebinding takes
1601 * care of subsystems' refcounts, which are explicitly dropped in
1602 * the failure exit path.
1604 list_add(&root->root_list, &cgroup_roots);
1605 cgroup_root_count++;
1608 * Link the root cgroup in this hierarchy into all the css_set
1611 down_write(&css_set_rwsem);
1612 hash_for_each(css_set_table, i, cset, hlist)
1613 link_css_set(&tmp_links, cset, root_cgrp);
1614 up_write(&css_set_rwsem);
1616 BUG_ON(!list_empty(&root_cgrp->children));
1617 BUG_ON(atomic_read(&root->nr_cgrps) != 1);
1619 kernfs_activate(root_cgrp->kn);
1624 kernfs_destroy_root(root->kf_root);
1625 root->kf_root = NULL;
1627 cgroup_exit_root_id(root);
1629 free_cgrp_cset_links(&tmp_links);
1633 static struct dentry *cgroup_mount(struct file_system_type *fs_type,
1634 int flags, const char *unused_dev_name,
1637 struct cgroup_root *root;
1638 struct cgroup_sb_opts opts;
1639 struct dentry *dentry;
1644 * The first time anyone tries to mount a cgroup, enable the list
1645 * linking each css_set to its tasks and fix up all existing tasks.
1647 if (!use_task_css_set_links)
1648 cgroup_enable_task_cg_lists();
1650 mutex_lock(&cgroup_tree_mutex);
1651 mutex_lock(&cgroup_mutex);
1653 /* First find the desired set of subsystems */
1654 ret = parse_cgroupfs_options(data, &opts);
1658 /* look for a matching existing root */
1659 if (!opts.subsys_mask && !opts.none && !opts.name) {
1660 cgrp_dfl_root_visible = true;
1661 root = &cgrp_dfl_root;
1662 cgroup_get(&root->cgrp);
1667 for_each_root(root) {
1668 bool name_match = false;
1670 if (root == &cgrp_dfl_root)
1674 * If we asked for a name then it must match. Also, if
1675 * name matches but sybsys_mask doesn't, we should fail.
1676 * Remember whether name matched.
1679 if (strcmp(opts.name, root->name))
1685 * If we asked for subsystems (or explicitly for no
1686 * subsystems) then they must match.
1688 if ((opts.subsys_mask || opts.none) &&
1689 (opts.subsys_mask != root->subsys_mask)) {
1696 if ((root->flags ^ opts.flags) & CGRP_ROOT_OPTION_MASK) {
1697 if ((root->flags | opts.flags) & CGRP_ROOT_SANE_BEHAVIOR) {
1698 pr_err("sane_behavior: new mount options should match the existing superblock\n");
1702 pr_warn("new mount options do not match the existing superblock, will be ignored\n");
1707 * A root's lifetime is governed by its root cgroup. Zero
1708 * ref indicate that the root is being destroyed. Wait for
1709 * destruction to complete so that the subsystems are free.
1710 * We can use wait_queue for the wait but this path is
1711 * super cold. Let's just sleep for a bit and retry.
1713 if (!atomic_inc_not_zero(&root->cgrp.refcnt)) {
1714 mutex_unlock(&cgroup_mutex);
1715 mutex_unlock(&cgroup_tree_mutex);
1717 mutex_lock(&cgroup_tree_mutex);
1718 mutex_lock(&cgroup_mutex);
1727 * No such thing, create a new one. name= matching without subsys
1728 * specification is allowed for already existing hierarchies but we
1729 * can't create new one without subsys specification.
1731 if (!opts.subsys_mask && !opts.none) {
1736 root = kzalloc(sizeof(*root), GFP_KERNEL);
1742 init_cgroup_root(root, &opts);
1744 ret = cgroup_setup_root(root, opts.subsys_mask);
1746 cgroup_free_root(root);
1749 mutex_unlock(&cgroup_mutex);
1750 mutex_unlock(&cgroup_tree_mutex);
1752 kfree(opts.release_agent);
1756 return ERR_PTR(ret);
1758 dentry = kernfs_mount(fs_type, flags, root->kf_root, &new_sb);
1759 if (IS_ERR(dentry) || !new_sb)
1760 cgroup_put(&root->cgrp);
1764 static void cgroup_kill_sb(struct super_block *sb)
1766 struct kernfs_root *kf_root = kernfs_root_from_sb(sb);
1767 struct cgroup_root *root = cgroup_root_from_kf(kf_root);
1769 cgroup_put(&root->cgrp);
1773 static struct file_system_type cgroup_fs_type = {
1775 .mount = cgroup_mount,
1776 .kill_sb = cgroup_kill_sb,
1779 static struct kobject *cgroup_kobj;
1782 * task_cgroup_path - cgroup path of a task in the first cgroup hierarchy
1783 * @task: target task
1784 * @buf: the buffer to write the path into
1785 * @buflen: the length of the buffer
1787 * Determine @task's cgroup on the first (the one with the lowest non-zero
1788 * hierarchy_id) cgroup hierarchy and copy its path into @buf. This
1789 * function grabs cgroup_mutex and shouldn't be used inside locks used by
1790 * cgroup controller callbacks.
1792 * Return value is the same as kernfs_path().
1794 char *task_cgroup_path(struct task_struct *task, char *buf, size_t buflen)
1796 struct cgroup_root *root;
1797 struct cgroup *cgrp;
1798 int hierarchy_id = 1;
1801 mutex_lock(&cgroup_mutex);
1802 down_read(&css_set_rwsem);
1804 root = idr_get_next(&cgroup_hierarchy_idr, &hierarchy_id);
1807 cgrp = task_cgroup_from_root(task, root);
1808 path = cgroup_path(cgrp, buf, buflen);
1810 /* if no hierarchy exists, everyone is in "/" */
1811 if (strlcpy(buf, "/", buflen) < buflen)
1815 up_read(&css_set_rwsem);
1816 mutex_unlock(&cgroup_mutex);
1819 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(task_cgroup_path);
1821 /* used to track tasks and other necessary states during migration */
1822 struct cgroup_taskset {
1823 /* the src and dst cset list running through cset->mg_node */
1824 struct list_head src_csets;
1825 struct list_head dst_csets;
1828 * Fields for cgroup_taskset_*() iteration.
1830 * Before migration is committed, the target migration tasks are on
1831 * ->mg_tasks of the csets on ->src_csets. After, on ->mg_tasks of
1832 * the csets on ->dst_csets. ->csets point to either ->src_csets
1833 * or ->dst_csets depending on whether migration is committed.
1835 * ->cur_csets and ->cur_task point to the current task position
1838 struct list_head *csets;
1839 struct css_set *cur_cset;
1840 struct task_struct *cur_task;
1844 * cgroup_taskset_first - reset taskset and return the first task
1845 * @tset: taskset of interest
1847 * @tset iteration is initialized and the first task is returned.
1849 struct task_struct *cgroup_taskset_first(struct cgroup_taskset *tset)
1851 tset->cur_cset = list_first_entry(tset->csets, struct css_set, mg_node);
1852 tset->cur_task = NULL;
1854 return cgroup_taskset_next(tset);
1858 * cgroup_taskset_next - iterate to the next task in taskset
1859 * @tset: taskset of interest
1861 * Return the next task in @tset. Iteration must have been initialized
1862 * with cgroup_taskset_first().
1864 struct task_struct *cgroup_taskset_next(struct cgroup_taskset *tset)
1866 struct css_set *cset = tset->cur_cset;
1867 struct task_struct *task = tset->cur_task;
1869 while (&cset->mg_node != tset->csets) {
1871 task = list_first_entry(&cset->mg_tasks,
1872 struct task_struct, cg_list);
1874 task = list_next_entry(task, cg_list);
1876 if (&task->cg_list != &cset->mg_tasks) {
1877 tset->cur_cset = cset;
1878 tset->cur_task = task;
1882 cset = list_next_entry(cset, mg_node);
1890 * cgroup_task_migrate - move a task from one cgroup to another.
1891 * @old_cgrp: the cgroup @tsk is being migrated from
1892 * @tsk: the task being migrated
1893 * @new_cset: the new css_set @tsk is being attached to
1895 * Must be called with cgroup_mutex, threadgroup and css_set_rwsem locked.
1897 static void cgroup_task_migrate(struct cgroup *old_cgrp,
1898 struct task_struct *tsk,
1899 struct css_set *new_cset)
1901 struct css_set *old_cset;
1903 lockdep_assert_held(&cgroup_mutex);
1904 lockdep_assert_held(&css_set_rwsem);
1907 * We are synchronized through threadgroup_lock() against PF_EXITING
1908 * setting such that we can't race against cgroup_exit() changing the
1909 * css_set to init_css_set and dropping the old one.
1911 WARN_ON_ONCE(tsk->flags & PF_EXITING);
1912 old_cset = task_css_set(tsk);
1914 get_css_set(new_cset);
1915 rcu_assign_pointer(tsk->cgroups, new_cset);
1918 * Use move_tail so that cgroup_taskset_first() still returns the
1919 * leader after migration. This works because cgroup_migrate()
1920 * ensures that the dst_cset of the leader is the first on the
1921 * tset's dst_csets list.
1923 list_move_tail(&tsk->cg_list, &new_cset->mg_tasks);
1926 * We just gained a reference on old_cset by taking it from the
1927 * task. As trading it for new_cset is protected by cgroup_mutex,
1928 * we're safe to drop it here; it will be freed under RCU.
1930 set_bit(CGRP_RELEASABLE, &old_cgrp->flags);
1931 put_css_set_locked(old_cset, false);
1935 * cgroup_migrate_finish - cleanup after attach
1936 * @preloaded_csets: list of preloaded css_sets
1938 * Undo cgroup_migrate_add_src() and cgroup_migrate_prepare_dst(). See
1939 * those functions for details.
1941 static void cgroup_migrate_finish(struct list_head *preloaded_csets)
1943 struct css_set *cset, *tmp_cset;
1945 lockdep_assert_held(&cgroup_mutex);
1947 down_write(&css_set_rwsem);
1948 list_for_each_entry_safe(cset, tmp_cset, preloaded_csets, mg_preload_node) {
1949 cset->mg_src_cgrp = NULL;
1950 cset->mg_dst_cset = NULL;
1951 list_del_init(&cset->mg_preload_node);
1952 put_css_set_locked(cset, false);
1954 up_write(&css_set_rwsem);
1958 * cgroup_migrate_add_src - add a migration source css_set
1959 * @src_cset: the source css_set to add
1960 * @dst_cgrp: the destination cgroup
1961 * @preloaded_csets: list of preloaded css_sets
1963 * Tasks belonging to @src_cset are about to be migrated to @dst_cgrp. Pin
1964 * @src_cset and add it to @preloaded_csets, which should later be cleaned
1965 * up by cgroup_migrate_finish().
1967 * This function may be called without holding threadgroup_lock even if the
1968 * target is a process. Threads may be created and destroyed but as long
1969 * as cgroup_mutex is not dropped, no new css_set can be put into play and
1970 * the preloaded css_sets are guaranteed to cover all migrations.
1972 static void cgroup_migrate_add_src(struct css_set *src_cset,
1973 struct cgroup *dst_cgrp,
1974 struct list_head *preloaded_csets)
1976 struct cgroup *src_cgrp;
1978 lockdep_assert_held(&cgroup_mutex);
1979 lockdep_assert_held(&css_set_rwsem);
1981 src_cgrp = cset_cgroup_from_root(src_cset, dst_cgrp->root);
1983 if (!list_empty(&src_cset->mg_preload_node))
1986 WARN_ON(src_cset->mg_src_cgrp);
1987 WARN_ON(!list_empty(&src_cset->mg_tasks));
1988 WARN_ON(!list_empty(&src_cset->mg_node));
1990 src_cset->mg_src_cgrp = src_cgrp;
1991 get_css_set(src_cset);
1992 list_add(&src_cset->mg_preload_node, preloaded_csets);
1996 * cgroup_migrate_prepare_dst - prepare destination css_sets for migration
1997 * @dst_cgrp: the destination cgroup (may be %NULL)
1998 * @preloaded_csets: list of preloaded source css_sets
2000 * Tasks are about to be moved to @dst_cgrp and all the source css_sets
2001 * have been preloaded to @preloaded_csets. This function looks up and
2002 * pins all destination css_sets, links each to its source, and append them
2003 * to @preloaded_csets. If @dst_cgrp is %NULL, the destination of each
2004 * source css_set is assumed to be its cgroup on the default hierarchy.
2006 * This function must be called after cgroup_migrate_add_src() has been
2007 * called on each migration source css_set. After migration is performed
2008 * using cgroup_migrate(), cgroup_migrate_finish() must be called on
2011 static int cgroup_migrate_prepare_dst(struct cgroup *dst_cgrp,
2012 struct list_head *preloaded_csets)
2015 struct css_set *src_cset, *tmp_cset;
2017 lockdep_assert_held(&cgroup_mutex);
2020 * Except for the root, child_subsys_mask must be zero for a cgroup
2021 * with tasks so that child cgroups don't compete against tasks.
2023 if (dst_cgrp && cgroup_on_dfl(dst_cgrp) && dst_cgrp->parent &&
2024 dst_cgrp->child_subsys_mask)
2027 /* look up the dst cset for each src cset and link it to src */
2028 list_for_each_entry_safe(src_cset, tmp_cset, preloaded_csets, mg_preload_node) {
2029 struct css_set *dst_cset;
2031 dst_cset = find_css_set(src_cset,
2032 dst_cgrp ?: src_cset->dfl_cgrp);
2036 WARN_ON_ONCE(src_cset->mg_dst_cset || dst_cset->mg_dst_cset);
2039 * If src cset equals dst, it's noop. Drop the src.
2040 * cgroup_migrate() will skip the cset too. Note that we
2041 * can't handle src == dst as some nodes are used by both.
2043 if (src_cset == dst_cset) {
2044 src_cset->mg_src_cgrp = NULL;
2045 list_del_init(&src_cset->mg_preload_node);
2046 put_css_set(src_cset, false);
2047 put_css_set(dst_cset, false);
2051 src_cset->mg_dst_cset = dst_cset;
2053 if (list_empty(&dst_cset->mg_preload_node))
2054 list_add(&dst_cset->mg_preload_node, &csets);
2056 put_css_set(dst_cset, false);
2059 list_splice_tail(&csets, preloaded_csets);
2062 cgroup_migrate_finish(&csets);
2067 * cgroup_migrate - migrate a process or task to a cgroup
2068 * @cgrp: the destination cgroup
2069 * @leader: the leader of the process or the task to migrate
2070 * @threadgroup: whether @leader points to the whole process or a single task
2072 * Migrate a process or task denoted by @leader to @cgrp. If migrating a
2073 * process, the caller must be holding threadgroup_lock of @leader. The
2074 * caller is also responsible for invoking cgroup_migrate_add_src() and
2075 * cgroup_migrate_prepare_dst() on the targets before invoking this
2076 * function and following up with cgroup_migrate_finish().
2078 * As long as a controller's ->can_attach() doesn't fail, this function is
2079 * guaranteed to succeed. This means that, excluding ->can_attach()
2080 * failure, when migrating multiple targets, the success or failure can be
2081 * decided for all targets by invoking group_migrate_prepare_dst() before
2082 * actually starting migrating.
2084 static int cgroup_migrate(struct cgroup *cgrp, struct task_struct *leader,
2087 struct cgroup_taskset tset = {
2088 .src_csets = LIST_HEAD_INIT(tset.src_csets),
2089 .dst_csets = LIST_HEAD_INIT(tset.dst_csets),
2090 .csets = &tset.src_csets,
2092 struct cgroup_subsys_state *css, *failed_css = NULL;
2093 struct css_set *cset, *tmp_cset;
2094 struct task_struct *task, *tmp_task;
2098 * Prevent freeing of tasks while we take a snapshot. Tasks that are
2099 * already PF_EXITING could be freed from underneath us unless we
2100 * take an rcu_read_lock.
2102 down_write(&css_set_rwsem);
2106 /* @task either already exited or can't exit until the end */
2107 if (task->flags & PF_EXITING)
2110 /* leave @task alone if post_fork() hasn't linked it yet */
2111 if (list_empty(&task->cg_list))
2114 cset = task_css_set(task);
2115 if (!cset->mg_src_cgrp)
2119 * cgroup_taskset_first() must always return the leader.
2120 * Take care to avoid disturbing the ordering.
2122 list_move_tail(&task->cg_list, &cset->mg_tasks);
2123 if (list_empty(&cset->mg_node))
2124 list_add_tail(&cset->mg_node, &tset.src_csets);
2125 if (list_empty(&cset->mg_dst_cset->mg_node))
2126 list_move_tail(&cset->mg_dst_cset->mg_node,
2131 } while_each_thread(leader, task);
2133 up_write(&css_set_rwsem);
2135 /* methods shouldn't be called if no task is actually migrating */
2136 if (list_empty(&tset.src_csets))
2139 /* check that we can legitimately attach to the cgroup */
2140 for_each_e_css(css, i, cgrp) {
2141 if (css->ss->can_attach) {
2142 ret = css->ss->can_attach(css, &tset);
2145 goto out_cancel_attach;
2151 * Now that we're guaranteed success, proceed to move all tasks to
2152 * the new cgroup. There are no failure cases after here, so this
2153 * is the commit point.
2155 down_write(&css_set_rwsem);
2156 list_for_each_entry(cset, &tset.src_csets, mg_node) {
2157 list_for_each_entry_safe(task, tmp_task, &cset->mg_tasks, cg_list)
2158 cgroup_task_migrate(cset->mg_src_cgrp, task,
2161 up_write(&css_set_rwsem);
2164 * Migration is committed, all target tasks are now on dst_csets.
2165 * Nothing is sensitive to fork() after this point. Notify
2166 * controllers that migration is complete.
2168 tset.csets = &tset.dst_csets;
2170 for_each_e_css(css, i, cgrp)
2171 if (css->ss->attach)
2172 css->ss->attach(css, &tset);
2175 goto out_release_tset;
2178 for_each_e_css(css, i, cgrp) {
2179 if (css == failed_css)
2181 if (css->ss->cancel_attach)
2182 css->ss->cancel_attach(css, &tset);
2185 down_write(&css_set_rwsem);
2186 list_splice_init(&tset.dst_csets, &tset.src_csets);
2187 list_for_each_entry_safe(cset, tmp_cset, &tset.src_csets, mg_node) {
2188 list_splice_tail_init(&cset->mg_tasks, &cset->tasks);
2189 list_del_init(&cset->mg_node);
2191 up_write(&css_set_rwsem);
2196 * cgroup_attach_task - attach a task or a whole threadgroup to a cgroup
2197 * @dst_cgrp: the cgroup to attach to
2198 * @leader: the task or the leader of the threadgroup to be attached
2199 * @threadgroup: attach the whole threadgroup?
2201 * Call holding cgroup_mutex and threadgroup_lock of @leader.
2203 static int cgroup_attach_task(struct cgroup *dst_cgrp,
2204 struct task_struct *leader, bool threadgroup)
2206 LIST_HEAD(preloaded_csets);
2207 struct task_struct *task;
2210 /* look up all src csets */
2211 down_read(&css_set_rwsem);
2215 cgroup_migrate_add_src(task_css_set(task), dst_cgrp,
2219 } while_each_thread(leader, task);
2221 up_read(&css_set_rwsem);
2223 /* prepare dst csets and commit */
2224 ret = cgroup_migrate_prepare_dst(dst_cgrp, &preloaded_csets);
2226 ret = cgroup_migrate(dst_cgrp, leader, threadgroup);
2228 cgroup_migrate_finish(&preloaded_csets);
2233 * Find the task_struct of the task to attach by vpid and pass it along to the
2234 * function to attach either it or all tasks in its threadgroup. Will lock
2235 * cgroup_mutex and threadgroup.
2237 static int attach_task_by_pid(struct cgroup *cgrp, u64 pid, bool threadgroup)
2239 struct task_struct *tsk;
2240 const struct cred *cred = current_cred(), *tcred;
2243 if (!cgroup_lock_live_group(cgrp))
2249 tsk = find_task_by_vpid(pid);
2253 goto out_unlock_cgroup;
2256 * even if we're attaching all tasks in the thread group, we
2257 * only need to check permissions on one of them.
2259 tcred = __task_cred(tsk);
2260 if (!uid_eq(cred->euid, GLOBAL_ROOT_UID) &&
2261 !uid_eq(cred->euid, tcred->uid) &&
2262 !uid_eq(cred->euid, tcred->suid)) {
2265 goto out_unlock_cgroup;
2271 tsk = tsk->group_leader;
2274 * Workqueue threads may acquire PF_NO_SETAFFINITY and become
2275 * trapped in a cpuset, or RT worker may be born in a cgroup
2276 * with no rt_runtime allocated. Just say no.
2278 if (tsk == kthreadd_task || (tsk->flags & PF_NO_SETAFFINITY)) {
2281 goto out_unlock_cgroup;
2284 get_task_struct(tsk);
2287 threadgroup_lock(tsk);
2289 if (!thread_group_leader(tsk)) {
2291 * a race with de_thread from another thread's exec()
2292 * may strip us of our leadership, if this happens,
2293 * there is no choice but to throw this task away and
2294 * try again; this is
2295 * "double-double-toil-and-trouble-check locking".
2297 threadgroup_unlock(tsk);
2298 put_task_struct(tsk);
2299 goto retry_find_task;
2303 ret = cgroup_attach_task(cgrp, tsk, threadgroup);
2305 threadgroup_unlock(tsk);
2307 put_task_struct(tsk);
2309 mutex_unlock(&cgroup_mutex);
2314 * cgroup_attach_task_all - attach task 'tsk' to all cgroups of task 'from'
2315 * @from: attach to all cgroups of a given task
2316 * @tsk: the task to be attached
2318 int cgroup_attach_task_all(struct task_struct *from, struct task_struct *tsk)
2320 struct cgroup_root *root;
2323 mutex_lock(&cgroup_mutex);
2324 for_each_root(root) {
2325 struct cgroup *from_cgrp;
2327 if (root == &cgrp_dfl_root)
2330 down_read(&css_set_rwsem);
2331 from_cgrp = task_cgroup_from_root(from, root);
2332 up_read(&css_set_rwsem);
2334 retval = cgroup_attach_task(from_cgrp, tsk, false);
2338 mutex_unlock(&cgroup_mutex);
2342 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(cgroup_attach_task_all);
2344 static int cgroup_tasks_write(struct cgroup_subsys_state *css,
2345 struct cftype *cft, u64 pid)
2347 return attach_task_by_pid(css->cgroup, pid, false);
2350 static int cgroup_procs_write(struct cgroup_subsys_state *css,
2351 struct cftype *cft, u64 tgid)
2353 return attach_task_by_pid(css->cgroup, tgid, true);
2356 static int cgroup_release_agent_write(struct cgroup_subsys_state *css,
2357 struct cftype *cft, char *buffer)
2359 struct cgroup_root *root = css->cgroup->root;
2361 BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(root->release_agent_path) < PATH_MAX);
2362 if (!cgroup_lock_live_group(css->cgroup))
2364 spin_lock(&release_agent_path_lock);
2365 strlcpy(root->release_agent_path, buffer,
2366 sizeof(root->release_agent_path));
2367 spin_unlock(&release_agent_path_lock);
2368 mutex_unlock(&cgroup_mutex);
2372 static int cgroup_release_agent_show(struct seq_file *seq, void *v)
2374 struct cgroup *cgrp = seq_css(seq)->cgroup;
2376 spin_lock(&release_agent_path_lock);
2377 seq_puts(seq, cgrp->root->release_agent_path);
2378 spin_unlock(&release_agent_path_lock);
2379 seq_putc(seq, '\n');
2383 static int cgroup_sane_behavior_show(struct seq_file *seq, void *v)
2385 struct cgroup *cgrp = seq_css(seq)->cgroup;
2387 seq_printf(seq, "%d\n", cgroup_sane_behavior(cgrp));
2391 static void cgroup_print_ss_mask(struct seq_file *seq, unsigned int ss_mask)
2393 struct cgroup_subsys *ss;
2394 bool printed = false;
2397 for_each_subsys(ss, ssid) {
2398 if (ss_mask & (1 << ssid)) {
2401 seq_printf(seq, "%s", ss->name);
2406 seq_putc(seq, '\n');
2409 /* show controllers which are currently attached to the default hierarchy */
2410 static int cgroup_root_controllers_show(struct seq_file *seq, void *v)
2412 struct cgroup *cgrp = seq_css(seq)->cgroup;
2414 cgroup_print_ss_mask(seq, cgrp->root->subsys_mask);
2418 /* show controllers which are enabled from the parent */
2419 static int cgroup_controllers_show(struct seq_file *seq, void *v)
2421 struct cgroup *cgrp = seq_css(seq)->cgroup;
2423 cgroup_print_ss_mask(seq, cgrp->parent->child_subsys_mask);
2427 /* show controllers which are enabled for a given cgroup's children */
2428 static int cgroup_subtree_control_show(struct seq_file *seq, void *v)
2430 struct cgroup *cgrp = seq_css(seq)->cgroup;
2432 cgroup_print_ss_mask(seq, cgrp->child_subsys_mask);
2437 * cgroup_update_dfl_csses - update css assoc of a subtree in default hierarchy
2438 * @cgrp: root of the subtree to update csses for
2440 * @cgrp's child_subsys_mask has changed and its subtree's (self excluded)
2441 * css associations need to be updated accordingly. This function looks up
2442 * all css_sets which are attached to the subtree, creates the matching
2443 * updated css_sets and migrates the tasks to the new ones.
2445 static int cgroup_update_dfl_csses(struct cgroup *cgrp)
2447 LIST_HEAD(preloaded_csets);
2448 struct cgroup_subsys_state *css;
2449 struct css_set *src_cset;
2452 lockdep_assert_held(&cgroup_tree_mutex);
2453 lockdep_assert_held(&cgroup_mutex);
2455 /* look up all csses currently attached to @cgrp's subtree */
2456 down_read(&css_set_rwsem);
2457 css_for_each_descendant_pre(css, cgroup_css(cgrp, NULL)) {
2458 struct cgrp_cset_link *link;
2460 /* self is not affected by child_subsys_mask change */
2461 if (css->cgroup == cgrp)
2464 list_for_each_entry(link, &css->cgroup->cset_links, cset_link)
2465 cgroup_migrate_add_src(link->cset, cgrp,
2468 up_read(&css_set_rwsem);
2470 /* NULL dst indicates self on default hierarchy */
2471 ret = cgroup_migrate_prepare_dst(NULL, &preloaded_csets);
2475 list_for_each_entry(src_cset, &preloaded_csets, mg_preload_node) {
2476 struct task_struct *last_task = NULL, *task;
2478 /* src_csets precede dst_csets, break on the first dst_cset */
2479 if (!src_cset->mg_src_cgrp)
2483 * All tasks in src_cset need to be migrated to the
2484 * matching dst_cset. Empty it process by process. We
2485 * walk tasks but migrate processes. The leader might even
2486 * belong to a different cset but such src_cset would also
2487 * be among the target src_csets because the default
2488 * hierarchy enforces per-process membership.
2491 down_read(&css_set_rwsem);
2492 task = list_first_entry_or_null(&src_cset->tasks,
2493 struct task_struct, cg_list);
2495 task = task->group_leader;
2496 WARN_ON_ONCE(!task_css_set(task)->mg_src_cgrp);
2497 get_task_struct(task);
2499 up_read(&css_set_rwsem);
2504 /* guard against possible infinite loop */
2505 if (WARN(last_task == task,
2506 "cgroup: update_dfl_csses failed to make progress, aborting in inconsistent state\n"))
2510 threadgroup_lock(task);
2511 /* raced against de_thread() from another thread? */
2512 if (!thread_group_leader(task)) {
2513 threadgroup_unlock(task);
2514 put_task_struct(task);
2518 ret = cgroup_migrate(src_cset->dfl_cgrp, task, true);
2520 threadgroup_unlock(task);
2521 put_task_struct(task);
2523 if (WARN(ret, "cgroup: failed to update controllers for the default hierarchy (%d), further operations may crash or hang\n", ret))
2529 cgroup_migrate_finish(&preloaded_csets);
2533 /* change the enabled child controllers for a cgroup in the default hierarchy */
2534 static int cgroup_subtree_control_write(struct cgroup_subsys_state *dummy_css,
2535 struct cftype *cft, char *buffer)
2537 unsigned int enable = 0, disable = 0;
2538 struct cgroup *cgrp = dummy_css->cgroup, *child;
2539 struct cgroup_subsys *ss;
2544 * Parse input - space separated list of subsystem names prefixed
2545 * with either + or -.
2548 while ((tok = strsep(&p, " "))) {
2551 for_each_subsys(ss, ssid) {
2552 if (ss->disabled || strcmp(tok + 1, ss->name))
2556 enable |= 1 << ssid;
2557 disable &= ~(1 << ssid);
2558 } else if (*tok == '-') {
2559 disable |= 1 << ssid;
2560 enable &= ~(1 << ssid);
2566 if (ssid == CGROUP_SUBSYS_COUNT)
2571 * We're gonna grab cgroup_tree_mutex which nests outside kernfs
2572 * active_ref. cgroup_lock_live_group() already provides enough
2573 * protection. Ensure @cgrp stays accessible and break the
2574 * active_ref protection.
2577 kernfs_break_active_protection(cgrp->control_kn);
2579 mutex_lock(&cgroup_tree_mutex);
2581 for_each_subsys(ss, ssid) {
2582 if (enable & (1 << ssid)) {
2583 if (cgrp->child_subsys_mask & (1 << ssid)) {
2584 enable &= ~(1 << ssid);
2589 * Because css offlining is asynchronous, userland
2590 * might try to re-enable the same controller while
2591 * the previous instance is still around. In such
2592 * cases, wait till it's gone using offline_waitq.
2594 cgroup_for_each_live_child(child, cgrp) {
2597 if (!cgroup_css(child, ss))
2601 prepare_to_wait(&child->offline_waitq, &wait,
2602 TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE);
2603 mutex_unlock(&cgroup_tree_mutex);
2605 finish_wait(&child->offline_waitq, &wait);
2608 ret = restart_syscall();
2612 /* unavailable or not enabled on the parent? */
2613 if (!(cgrp_dfl_root.subsys_mask & (1 << ssid)) ||
2615 !(cgrp->parent->child_subsys_mask & (1 << ssid)))) {
2617 goto out_unlock_tree;
2619 } else if (disable & (1 << ssid)) {
2620 if (!(cgrp->child_subsys_mask & (1 << ssid))) {
2621 disable &= ~(1 << ssid);
2625 /* a child has it enabled? */
2626 cgroup_for_each_live_child(child, cgrp) {
2627 if (child->child_subsys_mask & (1 << ssid)) {
2629 goto out_unlock_tree;
2635 if (!enable && !disable) {
2637 goto out_unlock_tree;
2640 if (!cgroup_lock_live_group(cgrp)) {
2642 goto out_unlock_tree;
2646 * Except for the root, child_subsys_mask must be zero for a cgroup
2647 * with tasks so that child cgroups don't compete against tasks.
2649 if (enable && cgrp->parent && !list_empty(&cgrp->cset_links)) {
2655 * Create csses for enables and update child_subsys_mask. This
2656 * changes cgroup_e_css() results which in turn makes the
2657 * subsequent cgroup_update_dfl_csses() associate all tasks in the
2658 * subtree to the updated csses.
2660 for_each_subsys(ss, ssid) {
2661 if (!(enable & (1 << ssid)))
2664 cgroup_for_each_live_child(child, cgrp) {
2665 ret = create_css(child, ss);
2671 cgrp->child_subsys_mask |= enable;
2672 cgrp->child_subsys_mask &= ~disable;
2674 ret = cgroup_update_dfl_csses(cgrp);
2678 /* all tasks are now migrated away from the old csses, kill them */
2679 for_each_subsys(ss, ssid) {
2680 if (!(disable & (1 << ssid)))
2683 cgroup_for_each_live_child(child, cgrp)
2684 kill_css(cgroup_css(child, ss));
2687 kernfs_activate(cgrp->kn);
2690 mutex_unlock(&cgroup_mutex);
2692 mutex_unlock(&cgroup_tree_mutex);
2694 kernfs_unbreak_active_protection(cgrp->control_kn);
2699 cgrp->child_subsys_mask &= ~enable;
2700 cgrp->child_subsys_mask |= disable;
2702 for_each_subsys(ss, ssid) {
2703 if (!(enable & (1 << ssid)))
2706 cgroup_for_each_live_child(child, cgrp) {
2707 struct cgroup_subsys_state *css = cgroup_css(child, ss);
2715 static int cgroup_populated_show(struct seq_file *seq, void *v)
2717 seq_printf(seq, "%d\n", (bool)seq_css(seq)->cgroup->populated_cnt);
2721 static ssize_t cgroup_file_write(struct kernfs_open_file *of, char *buf,
2722 size_t nbytes, loff_t off)
2724 struct cgroup *cgrp = of->kn->parent->priv;
2725 struct cftype *cft = of->kn->priv;
2726 struct cgroup_subsys_state *css;
2730 * kernfs guarantees that a file isn't deleted with operations in
2731 * flight, which means that the matching css is and stays alive and
2732 * doesn't need to be pinned. The RCU locking is not necessary
2733 * either. It's just for the convenience of using cgroup_css().
2736 css = cgroup_css(cgrp, cft->ss);
2739 if (cft->write_string) {
2740 ret = cft->write_string(css, cft, strstrip(buf));
2741 } else if (cft->write_u64) {
2742 unsigned long long v;
2743 ret = kstrtoull(buf, 0, &v);
2745 ret = cft->write_u64(css, cft, v);
2746 } else if (cft->write_s64) {
2748 ret = kstrtoll(buf, 0, &v);
2750 ret = cft->write_s64(css, cft, v);
2751 } else if (cft->trigger) {
2752 ret = cft->trigger(css, (unsigned int)cft->private);
2757 return ret ?: nbytes;
2760 static void *cgroup_seqfile_start(struct seq_file *seq, loff_t *ppos)
2762 return seq_cft(seq)->seq_start(seq, ppos);
2765 static void *cgroup_seqfile_next(struct seq_file *seq, void *v, loff_t *ppos)
2767 return seq_cft(seq)->seq_next(seq, v, ppos);
2770 static void cgroup_seqfile_stop(struct seq_file *seq, void *v)
2772 seq_cft(seq)->seq_stop(seq, v);
2775 static int cgroup_seqfile_show(struct seq_file *m, void *arg)
2777 struct cftype *cft = seq_cft(m);
2778 struct cgroup_subsys_state *css = seq_css(m);
2781 return cft->seq_show(m, arg);
2784 seq_printf(m, "%llu\n", cft->read_u64(css, cft));
2785 else if (cft->read_s64)
2786 seq_printf(m, "%lld\n", cft->read_s64(css, cft));
2792 static struct kernfs_ops cgroup_kf_single_ops = {
2793 .atomic_write_len = PAGE_SIZE,
2794 .write = cgroup_file_write,
2795 .seq_show = cgroup_seqfile_show,
2798 static struct kernfs_ops cgroup_kf_ops = {
2799 .atomic_write_len = PAGE_SIZE,
2800 .write = cgroup_file_write,
2801 .seq_start = cgroup_seqfile_start,
2802 .seq_next = cgroup_seqfile_next,
2803 .seq_stop = cgroup_seqfile_stop,
2804 .seq_show = cgroup_seqfile_show,
2808 * cgroup_rename - Only allow simple rename of directories in place.
2810 static int cgroup_rename(struct kernfs_node *kn, struct kernfs_node *new_parent,
2811 const char *new_name_str)
2813 struct cgroup *cgrp = kn->priv;
2816 if (kernfs_type(kn) != KERNFS_DIR)
2818 if (kn->parent != new_parent)
2822 * This isn't a proper migration and its usefulness is very
2823 * limited. Disallow if sane_behavior.
2825 if (cgroup_sane_behavior(cgrp))
2829 * We're gonna grab cgroup_tree_mutex which nests outside kernfs
2830 * active_ref. kernfs_rename() doesn't require active_ref
2831 * protection. Break them before grabbing cgroup_tree_mutex.
2833 kernfs_break_active_protection(new_parent);
2834 kernfs_break_active_protection(kn);
2836 mutex_lock(&cgroup_tree_mutex);
2837 mutex_lock(&cgroup_mutex);
2839 ret = kernfs_rename(kn, new_parent, new_name_str);
2841 mutex_unlock(&cgroup_mutex);
2842 mutex_unlock(&cgroup_tree_mutex);
2844 kernfs_unbreak_active_protection(kn);
2845 kernfs_unbreak_active_protection(new_parent);
2849 /* set uid and gid of cgroup dirs and files to that of the creator */
2850 static int cgroup_kn_set_ugid(struct kernfs_node *kn)
2852 struct iattr iattr = { .ia_valid = ATTR_UID | ATTR_GID,
2853 .ia_uid = current_fsuid(),
2854 .ia_gid = current_fsgid(), };
2856 if (uid_eq(iattr.ia_uid, GLOBAL_ROOT_UID) &&
2857 gid_eq(iattr.ia_gid, GLOBAL_ROOT_GID))
2860 return kernfs_setattr(kn, &iattr);
2863 static int cgroup_add_file(struct cgroup *cgrp, struct cftype *cft)
2865 char name[CGROUP_FILE_NAME_MAX];
2866 struct kernfs_node *kn;
2867 struct lock_class_key *key = NULL;
2870 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_LOCK_ALLOC
2871 key = &cft->lockdep_key;
2873 kn = __kernfs_create_file(cgrp->kn, cgroup_file_name(cgrp, cft, name),
2874 cgroup_file_mode(cft), 0, cft->kf_ops, cft,
2879 ret = cgroup_kn_set_ugid(kn);
2885 if (cft->seq_show == cgroup_subtree_control_show)
2886 cgrp->control_kn = kn;
2887 else if (cft->seq_show == cgroup_populated_show)
2888 cgrp->populated_kn = kn;
2893 * cgroup_addrm_files - add or remove files to a cgroup directory
2894 * @cgrp: the target cgroup
2895 * @cfts: array of cftypes to be added
2896 * @is_add: whether to add or remove
2898 * Depending on @is_add, add or remove files defined by @cfts on @cgrp.
2899 * For removals, this function never fails. If addition fails, this
2900 * function doesn't remove files already added. The caller is responsible
2903 static int cgroup_addrm_files(struct cgroup *cgrp, struct cftype cfts[],
2909 lockdep_assert_held(&cgroup_tree_mutex);
2911 for (cft = cfts; cft->name[0] != '\0'; cft++) {
2912 /* does cft->flags tell us to skip this file on @cgrp? */
2913 if ((cft->flags & CFTYPE_ONLY_ON_DFL) && !cgroup_on_dfl(cgrp))
2915 if ((cft->flags & CFTYPE_INSANE) && cgroup_sane_behavior(cgrp))
2917 if ((cft->flags & CFTYPE_NOT_ON_ROOT) && !cgrp->parent)
2919 if ((cft->flags & CFTYPE_ONLY_ON_ROOT) && cgrp->parent)
2923 ret = cgroup_add_file(cgrp, cft);
2925 pr_warn("%s: failed to add %s, err=%d\n",
2926 __func__, cft->name, ret);
2930 cgroup_rm_file(cgrp, cft);
2936 static int cgroup_apply_cftypes(struct cftype *cfts, bool is_add)
2939 struct cgroup_subsys *ss = cfts[0].ss;
2940 struct cgroup *root = &ss->root->cgrp;
2941 struct cgroup_subsys_state *css;
2944 lockdep_assert_held(&cgroup_tree_mutex);
2946 /* add/rm files for all cgroups created before */
2947 css_for_each_descendant_pre(css, cgroup_css(root, ss)) {
2948 struct cgroup *cgrp = css->cgroup;
2950 if (cgroup_is_dead(cgrp))
2953 ret = cgroup_addrm_files(cgrp, cfts, is_add);
2959 kernfs_activate(root->kn);
2963 static void cgroup_exit_cftypes(struct cftype *cfts)
2967 for (cft = cfts; cft->name[0] != '\0'; cft++) {
2968 /* free copy for custom atomic_write_len, see init_cftypes() */
2969 if (cft->max_write_len && cft->max_write_len != PAGE_SIZE)
2976 static int cgroup_init_cftypes(struct cgroup_subsys *ss, struct cftype *cfts)
2980 for (cft = cfts; cft->name[0] != '\0'; cft++) {
2981 struct kernfs_ops *kf_ops;
2983 WARN_ON(cft->ss || cft->kf_ops);
2986 kf_ops = &cgroup_kf_ops;
2988 kf_ops = &cgroup_kf_single_ops;
2991 * Ugh... if @cft wants a custom max_write_len, we need to
2992 * make a copy of kf_ops to set its atomic_write_len.
2994 if (cft->max_write_len && cft->max_write_len != PAGE_SIZE) {
2995 kf_ops = kmemdup(kf_ops, sizeof(*kf_ops), GFP_KERNEL);
2997 cgroup_exit_cftypes(cfts);
3000 kf_ops->atomic_write_len = cft->max_write_len;
3003 cft->kf_ops = kf_ops;
3010 static int cgroup_rm_cftypes_locked(struct cftype *cfts)
3012 lockdep_assert_held(&cgroup_tree_mutex);
3014 if (!cfts || !cfts[0].ss)
3017 list_del(&cfts->node);
3018 cgroup_apply_cftypes(cfts, false);
3019 cgroup_exit_cftypes(cfts);
3024 * cgroup_rm_cftypes - remove an array of cftypes from a subsystem
3025 * @cfts: zero-length name terminated array of cftypes
3027 * Unregister @cfts. Files described by @cfts are removed from all
3028 * existing cgroups and all future cgroups won't have them either. This
3029 * function can be called anytime whether @cfts' subsys is attached or not.
3031 * Returns 0 on successful unregistration, -ENOENT if @cfts is not
3034 int cgroup_rm_cftypes(struct cftype *cfts)
3038 mutex_lock(&cgroup_tree_mutex);
3039 ret = cgroup_rm_cftypes_locked(cfts);
3040 mutex_unlock(&cgroup_tree_mutex);
3045 * cgroup_add_cftypes - add an array of cftypes to a subsystem
3046 * @ss: target cgroup subsystem
3047 * @cfts: zero-length name terminated array of cftypes
3049 * Register @cfts to @ss. Files described by @cfts are created for all
3050 * existing cgroups to which @ss is attached and all future cgroups will
3051 * have them too. This function can be called anytime whether @ss is
3054 * Returns 0 on successful registration, -errno on failure. Note that this
3055 * function currently returns 0 as long as @cfts registration is successful
3056 * even if some file creation attempts on existing cgroups fail.
3058 int cgroup_add_cftypes(struct cgroup_subsys *ss, struct cftype *cfts)
3062 if (!cfts || cfts[0].name[0] == '\0')
3065 ret = cgroup_init_cftypes(ss, cfts);
3069 mutex_lock(&cgroup_tree_mutex);
3071 list_add_tail(&cfts->node, &ss->cfts);
3072 ret = cgroup_apply_cftypes(cfts, true);
3074 cgroup_rm_cftypes_locked(cfts);
3076 mutex_unlock(&cgroup_tree_mutex);
3081 * cgroup_task_count - count the number of tasks in a cgroup.
3082 * @cgrp: the cgroup in question
3084 * Return the number of tasks in the cgroup.
3086 static int cgroup_task_count(const struct cgroup *cgrp)
3089 struct cgrp_cset_link *link;
3091 down_read(&css_set_rwsem);
3092 list_for_each_entry(link, &cgrp->cset_links, cset_link)
3093 count += atomic_read(&link->cset->refcount);
3094 up_read(&css_set_rwsem);
3099 * css_next_child - find the next child of a given css
3100 * @pos_css: the current position (%NULL to initiate traversal)
3101 * @parent_css: css whose children to walk
3103 * This function returns the next child of @parent_css and should be called
3104 * under either cgroup_mutex or RCU read lock. The only requirement is
3105 * that @parent_css and @pos_css are accessible. The next sibling is
3106 * guaranteed to be returned regardless of their states.
3108 struct cgroup_subsys_state *
3109 css_next_child(struct cgroup_subsys_state *pos_css,
3110 struct cgroup_subsys_state *parent_css)
3112 struct cgroup *pos = pos_css ? pos_css->cgroup : NULL;
3113 struct cgroup *cgrp = parent_css->cgroup;
3114 struct cgroup *next;
3116 cgroup_assert_mutexes_or_rcu_locked();
3119 * @pos could already have been removed. Once a cgroup is removed,
3120 * its ->sibling.next is no longer updated when its next sibling
3121 * changes. As CGRP_DEAD assertion is serialized and happens
3122 * before the cgroup is taken off the ->sibling list, if we see it
3123 * unasserted, it's guaranteed that the next sibling hasn't
3124 * finished its grace period even if it's already removed, and thus
3125 * safe to dereference from this RCU critical section. If
3126 * ->sibling.next is inaccessible, cgroup_is_dead() is guaranteed
3127 * to be visible as %true here.
3129 * If @pos is dead, its next pointer can't be dereferenced;
3130 * however, as each cgroup is given a monotonically increasing
3131 * unique serial number and always appended to the sibling list,
3132 * the next one can be found by walking the parent's children until
3133 * we see a cgroup with higher serial number than @pos's. While
3134 * this path can be slower, it's taken only when either the current
3135 * cgroup is removed or iteration and removal race.
3138 next = list_entry_rcu(cgrp->children.next, struct cgroup, sibling);
3139 } else if (likely(!cgroup_is_dead(pos))) {
3140 next = list_entry_rcu(pos->sibling.next, struct cgroup, sibling);
3142 list_for_each_entry_rcu(next, &cgrp->children, sibling)
3143 if (next->serial_nr > pos->serial_nr)
3148 * @next, if not pointing to the head, can be dereferenced and is
3149 * the next sibling; however, it might have @ss disabled. If so,
3150 * fast-forward to the next enabled one.
3152 while (&next->sibling != &cgrp->children) {
3153 struct cgroup_subsys_state *next_css = cgroup_css(next, parent_css->ss);
3157 next = list_entry_rcu(next->sibling.next, struct cgroup, sibling);
3163 * css_next_descendant_pre - find the next descendant for pre-order walk
3164 * @pos: the current position (%NULL to initiate traversal)
3165 * @root: css whose descendants to walk
3167 * To be used by css_for_each_descendant_pre(). Find the next descendant
3168 * to visit for pre-order traversal of @root's descendants. @root is
3169 * included in the iteration and the first node to be visited.
3171 * While this function requires cgroup_mutex or RCU read locking, it
3172 * doesn't require the whole traversal to be contained in a single critical
3173 * section. This function will return the correct next descendant as long
3174 * as both @pos and @root are accessible and @pos is a descendant of @root.
3176 struct cgroup_subsys_state *
3177 css_next_descendant_pre(struct cgroup_subsys_state *pos,
3178 struct cgroup_subsys_state *root)
3180 struct cgroup_subsys_state *next;
3182 cgroup_assert_mutexes_or_rcu_locked();
3184 /* if first iteration, visit @root */
3188 /* visit the first child if exists */
3189 next = css_next_child(NULL, pos);
3193 /* no child, visit my or the closest ancestor's next sibling */
3194 while (pos != root) {
3195 next = css_next_child(pos, css_parent(pos));
3198 pos = css_parent(pos);
3205 * css_rightmost_descendant - return the rightmost descendant of a css
3206 * @pos: css of interest
3208 * Return the rightmost descendant of @pos. If there's no descendant, @pos
3209 * is returned. This can be used during pre-order traversal to skip
3212 * While this function requires cgroup_mutex or RCU read locking, it
3213 * doesn't require the whole traversal to be contained in a single critical
3214 * section. This function will return the correct rightmost descendant as
3215 * long as @pos is accessible.
3217 struct cgroup_subsys_state *
3218 css_rightmost_descendant(struct cgroup_subsys_state *pos)
3220 struct cgroup_subsys_state *last, *tmp;
3222 cgroup_assert_mutexes_or_rcu_locked();
3226 /* ->prev isn't RCU safe, walk ->next till the end */
3228 css_for_each_child(tmp, last)
3235 static struct cgroup_subsys_state *
3236 css_leftmost_descendant(struct cgroup_subsys_state *pos)
3238 struct cgroup_subsys_state *last;
3242 pos = css_next_child(NULL, pos);
3249 * css_next_descendant_post - find the next descendant for post-order walk
3250 * @pos: the current position (%NULL to initiate traversal)
3251 * @root: css whose descendants to walk
3253 * To be used by css_for_each_descendant_post(). Find the next descendant
3254 * to visit for post-order traversal of @root's descendants. @root is
3255 * included in the iteration and the last node to be visited.
3257 * While this function requires cgroup_mutex or RCU read locking, it
3258 * doesn't require the whole traversal to be contained in a single critical
3259 * section. This function will return the correct next descendant as long
3260 * as both @pos and @cgroup are accessible and @pos is a descendant of
3263 struct cgroup_subsys_state *
3264 css_next_descendant_post(struct cgroup_subsys_state *pos,
3265 struct cgroup_subsys_state *root)
3267 struct cgroup_subsys_state *next;
3269 cgroup_assert_mutexes_or_rcu_locked();
3271 /* if first iteration, visit leftmost descendant which may be @root */
3273 return css_leftmost_descendant(root);
3275 /* if we visited @root, we're done */
3279 /* if there's an unvisited sibling, visit its leftmost descendant */
3280 next = css_next_child(pos, css_parent(pos));
3282 return css_leftmost_descendant(next);
3284 /* no sibling left, visit parent */
3285 return css_parent(pos);
3289 * css_advance_task_iter - advance a task itererator to the next css_set
3290 * @it: the iterator to advance
3292 * Advance @it to the next css_set to walk.
3294 static void css_advance_task_iter(struct css_task_iter *it)
3296 struct list_head *l = it->cset_pos;
3297 struct cgrp_cset_link *link;
3298 struct css_set *cset;
3300 /* Advance to the next non-empty css_set */
3303 if (l == it->cset_head) {
3304 it->cset_pos = NULL;
3309 cset = container_of(l, struct css_set,
3310 e_cset_node[it->ss->id]);
3312 link = list_entry(l, struct cgrp_cset_link, cset_link);
3315 } while (list_empty(&cset->tasks) && list_empty(&cset->mg_tasks));
3319 if (!list_empty(&cset->tasks))
3320 it->task_pos = cset->tasks.next;
3322 it->task_pos = cset->mg_tasks.next;
3324 it->tasks_head = &cset->tasks;
3325 it->mg_tasks_head = &cset->mg_tasks;
3329 * css_task_iter_start - initiate task iteration
3330 * @css: the css to walk tasks of
3331 * @it: the task iterator to use
3333 * Initiate iteration through the tasks of @css. The caller can call
3334 * css_task_iter_next() to walk through the tasks until the function
3335 * returns NULL. On completion of iteration, css_task_iter_end() must be
3338 * Note that this function acquires a lock which is released when the
3339 * iteration finishes. The caller can't sleep while iteration is in
3342 void css_task_iter_start(struct cgroup_subsys_state *css,
3343 struct css_task_iter *it)
3344 __acquires(css_set_rwsem)
3346 /* no one should try to iterate before mounting cgroups */
3347 WARN_ON_ONCE(!use_task_css_set_links);
3349 down_read(&css_set_rwsem);
3354 it->cset_pos = &css->cgroup->e_csets[css->ss->id];
3356 it->cset_pos = &css->cgroup->cset_links;
3358 it->cset_head = it->cset_pos;
3360 css_advance_task_iter(it);
3364 * css_task_iter_next - return the next task for the iterator
3365 * @it: the task iterator being iterated
3367 * The "next" function for task iteration. @it should have been
3368 * initialized via css_task_iter_start(). Returns NULL when the iteration
3371 struct task_struct *css_task_iter_next(struct css_task_iter *it)
3373 struct task_struct *res;
3374 struct list_head *l = it->task_pos;
3376 /* If the iterator cg is NULL, we have no tasks */
3379 res = list_entry(l, struct task_struct, cg_list);
3382 * Advance iterator to find next entry. cset->tasks is consumed
3383 * first and then ->mg_tasks. After ->mg_tasks, we move onto the
3388 if (l == it->tasks_head)
3389 l = it->mg_tasks_head->next;
3391 if (l == it->mg_tasks_head)
3392 css_advance_task_iter(it);
3400 * css_task_iter_end - finish task iteration
3401 * @it: the task iterator to finish
3403 * Finish task iteration started by css_task_iter_start().
3405 void css_task_iter_end(struct css_task_iter *it)
3406 __releases(css_set_rwsem)
3408 up_read(&css_set_rwsem);
3412 * cgroup_trasnsfer_tasks - move tasks from one cgroup to another
3413 * @to: cgroup to which the tasks will be moved
3414 * @from: cgroup in which the tasks currently reside
3416 * Locking rules between cgroup_post_fork() and the migration path
3417 * guarantee that, if a task is forking while being migrated, the new child
3418 * is guaranteed to be either visible in the source cgroup after the
3419 * parent's migration is complete or put into the target cgroup. No task
3420 * can slip out of migration through forking.
3422 int cgroup_transfer_tasks(struct cgroup *to, struct cgroup *from)
3424 LIST_HEAD(preloaded_csets);
3425 struct cgrp_cset_link *link;
3426 struct css_task_iter it;
3427 struct task_struct *task;
3430 mutex_lock(&cgroup_mutex);
3432 /* all tasks in @from are being moved, all csets are source */
3433 down_read(&css_set_rwsem);
3434 list_for_each_entry(link, &from->cset_links, cset_link)
3435 cgroup_migrate_add_src(link->cset, to, &preloaded_csets);
3436 up_read(&css_set_rwsem);
3438 ret = cgroup_migrate_prepare_dst(to, &preloaded_csets);
3443 * Migrate tasks one-by-one until @form is empty. This fails iff
3444 * ->can_attach() fails.
3447 css_task_iter_start(&from->dummy_css, &it);
3448 task = css_task_iter_next(&it);
3450 get_task_struct(task);
3451 css_task_iter_end(&it);
3454 ret = cgroup_migrate(to, task, false);
3455 put_task_struct(task);
3457 } while (task && !ret);
3459 cgroup_migrate_finish(&preloaded_csets);
3460 mutex_unlock(&cgroup_mutex);
3465 * Stuff for reading the 'tasks'/'procs' files.
3467 * Reading this file can return large amounts of data if a cgroup has
3468 * *lots* of attached tasks. So it may need several calls to read(),
3469 * but we cannot guarantee that the information we produce is correct
3470 * unless we produce it entirely atomically.
3474 /* which pidlist file are we talking about? */
3475 enum cgroup_filetype {
3481 * A pidlist is a list of pids that virtually represents the contents of one
3482 * of the cgroup files ("procs" or "tasks"). We keep a list of such pidlists,
3483 * a pair (one each for procs, tasks) for each pid namespace that's relevant
3486 struct cgroup_pidlist {
3488 * used to find which pidlist is wanted. doesn't change as long as
3489 * this particular list stays in the list.
3491 struct { enum cgroup_filetype type; struct pid_namespace *ns; } key;
3494 /* how many elements the above list has */
3496 /* each of these stored in a list by its cgroup */
3497 struct list_head links;
3498 /* pointer to the cgroup we belong to, for list removal purposes */
3499 struct cgroup *owner;
3500 /* for delayed destruction */
3501 struct delayed_work destroy_dwork;
3505 * The following two functions "fix" the issue where there are more pids
3506 * than kmalloc will give memory for; in such cases, we use vmalloc/vfree.
3507 * TODO: replace with a kernel-wide solution to this problem
3509 #define PIDLIST_TOO_LARGE(c) ((c) * sizeof(pid_t) > (PAGE_SIZE * 2))
3510 static void *pidlist_allocate(int count)
3512 if (PIDLIST_TOO_LARGE(count))
3513 return vmalloc(count * sizeof(pid_t));
3515 return kmalloc(count * sizeof(pid_t), GFP_KERNEL);
3518 static void pidlist_free(void *p)
3520 if (is_vmalloc_addr(p))
3527 * Used to destroy all pidlists lingering waiting for destroy timer. None
3528 * should be left afterwards.
3530 static void cgroup_pidlist_destroy_all(struct cgroup *cgrp)
3532 struct cgroup_pidlist *l, *tmp_l;
3534 mutex_lock(&cgrp->pidlist_mutex);
3535 list_for_each_entry_safe(l, tmp_l, &cgrp->pidlists, links)
3536 mod_delayed_work(cgroup_pidlist_destroy_wq, &l->destroy_dwork, 0);
3537 mutex_unlock(&cgrp->pidlist_mutex);
3539 flush_workqueue(cgroup_pidlist_destroy_wq);
3540 BUG_ON(!list_empty(&cgrp->pidlists));
3543 static void cgroup_pidlist_destroy_work_fn(struct work_struct *work)
3545 struct delayed_work *dwork = to_delayed_work(work);
3546 struct cgroup_pidlist *l = container_of(dwork, struct cgroup_pidlist,
3548 struct cgroup_pidlist *tofree = NULL;
3550 mutex_lock(&l->owner->pidlist_mutex);
3553 * Destroy iff we didn't get queued again. The state won't change
3554 * as destroy_dwork can only be queued while locked.
3556 if (!delayed_work_pending(dwork)) {
3557 list_del(&l->links);
3558 pidlist_free(l->list);
3559 put_pid_ns(l->key.ns);
3563 mutex_unlock(&l->owner->pidlist_mutex);
3568 * pidlist_uniq - given a kmalloc()ed list, strip out all duplicate entries
3569 * Returns the number of unique elements.
3571 static int pidlist_uniq(pid_t *list, int length)
3576 * we presume the 0th element is unique, so i starts at 1. trivial
3577 * edge cases first; no work needs to be done for either
3579 if (length == 0 || length == 1)
3581 /* src and dest walk down the list; dest counts unique elements */
3582 for (src = 1; src < length; src++) {
3583 /* find next unique element */
3584 while (list[src] == list[src-1]) {
3589 /* dest always points to where the next unique element goes */
3590 list[dest] = list[src];
3598 * The two pid files - task and cgroup.procs - guaranteed that the result
3599 * is sorted, which forced this whole pidlist fiasco. As pid order is
3600 * different per namespace, each namespace needs differently sorted list,
3601 * making it impossible to use, for example, single rbtree of member tasks
3602 * sorted by task pointer. As pidlists can be fairly large, allocating one
3603 * per open file is dangerous, so cgroup had to implement shared pool of
3604 * pidlists keyed by cgroup and namespace.
3606 * All this extra complexity was caused by the original implementation
3607 * committing to an entirely unnecessary property. In the long term, we
3608 * want to do away with it. Explicitly scramble sort order if
3609 * sane_behavior so that no such expectation exists in the new interface.
3611 * Scrambling is done by swapping every two consecutive bits, which is
3612 * non-identity one-to-one mapping which disturbs sort order sufficiently.
3614 static pid_t pid_fry(pid_t pid)
3616 unsigned a = pid & 0x55555555;
3617 unsigned b = pid & 0xAAAAAAAA;
3619 return (a << 1) | (b >> 1);
3622 static pid_t cgroup_pid_fry(struct cgroup *cgrp, pid_t pid)
3624 if (cgroup_sane_behavior(cgrp))
3625 return pid_fry(pid);
3630 static int cmppid(const void *a, const void *b)
3632 return *(pid_t *)a - *(pid_t *)b;
3635 static int fried_cmppid(const void *a, const void *b)
3637 return pid_fry(*(pid_t *)a) - pid_fry(*(pid_t *)b);
3640 static struct cgroup_pidlist *cgroup_pidlist_find(struct cgroup *cgrp,
3641 enum cgroup_filetype type)
3643 struct cgroup_pidlist *l;
3644 /* don't need task_nsproxy() if we're looking at ourself */
3645 struct pid_namespace *ns = task_active_pid_ns(current);
3647 lockdep_assert_held(&cgrp->pidlist_mutex);
3649 list_for_each_entry(l, &cgrp->pidlists, links)
3650 if (l->key.type == type && l->key.ns == ns)
3656 * find the appropriate pidlist for our purpose (given procs vs tasks)
3657 * returns with the lock on that pidlist already held, and takes care
3658 * of the use count, or returns NULL with no locks held if we're out of
3661 static struct cgroup_pidlist *cgroup_pidlist_find_create(struct cgroup *cgrp,
3662 enum cgroup_filetype type)
3664 struct cgroup_pidlist *l;
3666 lockdep_assert_held(&cgrp->pidlist_mutex);
3668 l = cgroup_pidlist_find(cgrp, type);
3672 /* entry not found; create a new one */
3673 l = kzalloc(sizeof(struct cgroup_pidlist), GFP_KERNEL);
3677 INIT_DELAYED_WORK(&l->destroy_dwork, cgroup_pidlist_destroy_work_fn);
3679 /* don't need task_nsproxy() if we're looking at ourself */
3680 l->key.ns = get_pid_ns(task_active_pid_ns(current));
3682 list_add(&l->links, &cgrp->pidlists);
3687 * Load a cgroup's pidarray with either procs' tgids or tasks' pids
3689 static int pidlist_array_load(struct cgroup *cgrp, enum cgroup_filetype type,
3690 struct cgroup_pidlist **lp)
3694 int pid, n = 0; /* used for populating the array */
3695 struct css_task_iter it;
3696 struct task_struct *tsk;
3697 struct cgroup_pidlist *l;
3699 lockdep_assert_held(&cgrp->pidlist_mutex);
3702 * If cgroup gets more users after we read count, we won't have
3703 * enough space - tough. This race is indistinguishable to the
3704 * caller from the case that the additional cgroup users didn't
3705 * show up until sometime later on.
3707 length = cgroup_task_count(cgrp);
3708 array = pidlist_allocate(length);
3711 /* now, populate the array */
3712 css_task_iter_start(&cgrp->dummy_css, &it);
3713 while ((tsk = css_task_iter_next(&it))) {
3714 if (unlikely(n == length))
3716 /* get tgid or pid for procs or tasks file respectively */
3717 if (type == CGROUP_FILE_PROCS)
3718 pid = task_tgid_vnr(tsk);
3720 pid = task_pid_vnr(tsk);
3721 if (pid > 0) /* make sure to only use valid results */
3724 css_task_iter_end(&it);
3726 /* now sort & (if procs) strip out duplicates */
3727 if (cgroup_sane_behavior(cgrp))
3728 sort(array, length, sizeof(pid_t), fried_cmppid, NULL);
3730 sort(array, length, sizeof(pid_t), cmppid, NULL);
3731 if (type == CGROUP_FILE_PROCS)
3732 length = pidlist_uniq(array, length);
3734 l = cgroup_pidlist_find_create(cgrp, type);
3736 mutex_unlock(&cgrp->pidlist_mutex);
3737 pidlist_free(array);
3741 /* store array, freeing old if necessary */
3742 pidlist_free(l->list);
3750 * cgroupstats_build - build and fill cgroupstats
3751 * @stats: cgroupstats to fill information into
3752 * @dentry: A dentry entry belonging to the cgroup for which stats have
3755 * Build and fill cgroupstats so that taskstats can export it to user
3758 int cgroupstats_build(struct cgroupstats *stats, struct dentry *dentry)
3760 struct kernfs_node *kn = kernfs_node_from_dentry(dentry);
3761 struct cgroup *cgrp;
3762 struct css_task_iter it;
3763 struct task_struct *tsk;
3765 /* it should be kernfs_node belonging to cgroupfs and is a directory */
3766 if (dentry->d_sb->s_type != &cgroup_fs_type || !kn ||
3767 kernfs_type(kn) != KERNFS_DIR)
3770 mutex_lock(&cgroup_mutex);
3773 * We aren't being called from kernfs and there's no guarantee on
3774 * @kn->priv's validity. For this and css_tryget_online_from_dir(),
3775 * @kn->priv is RCU safe. Let's do the RCU dancing.
3778 cgrp = rcu_dereference(kn->priv);
3779 if (!cgrp || cgroup_is_dead(cgrp)) {
3781 mutex_unlock(&cgroup_mutex);
3786 css_task_iter_start(&cgrp->dummy_css, &it);
3787 while ((tsk = css_task_iter_next(&it))) {
3788 switch (tsk->state) {
3790 stats->nr_running++;
3792 case TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE:
3793 stats->nr_sleeping++;
3795 case TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE:
3796 stats->nr_uninterruptible++;
3799 stats->nr_stopped++;
3802 if (delayacct_is_task_waiting_on_io(tsk))
3803 stats->nr_io_wait++;
3807 css_task_iter_end(&it);
3809 mutex_unlock(&cgroup_mutex);
3815 * seq_file methods for the tasks/procs files. The seq_file position is the
3816 * next pid to display; the seq_file iterator is a pointer to the pid
3817 * in the cgroup->l->list array.
3820 static void *cgroup_pidlist_start(struct seq_file *s, loff_t *pos)
3823 * Initially we receive a position value that corresponds to
3824 * one more than the last pid shown (or 0 on the first call or
3825 * after a seek to the start). Use a binary-search to find the
3826 * next pid to display, if any
3828 struct kernfs_open_file *of = s->private;
3829 struct cgroup *cgrp = seq_css(s)->cgroup;
3830 struct cgroup_pidlist *l;
3831 enum cgroup_filetype type = seq_cft(s)->private;
3832 int index = 0, pid = *pos;
3835 mutex_lock(&cgrp->pidlist_mutex);
3838 * !NULL @of->priv indicates that this isn't the first start()
3839 * after open. If the matching pidlist is around, we can use that.
3840 * Look for it. Note that @of->priv can't be used directly. It
3841 * could already have been destroyed.
3844 of->priv = cgroup_pidlist_find(cgrp, type);
3847 * Either this is the first start() after open or the matching
3848 * pidlist has been destroyed inbetween. Create a new one.
3851 ret = pidlist_array_load(cgrp, type,
3852 (struct cgroup_pidlist **)&of->priv);
3854 return ERR_PTR(ret);
3859 int end = l->length;
3861 while (index < end) {
3862 int mid = (index + end) / 2;
3863 if (cgroup_pid_fry(cgrp, l->list[mid]) == pid) {
3866 } else if (cgroup_pid_fry(cgrp, l->list[mid]) <= pid)
3872 /* If we're off the end of the array, we're done */
3873 if (index >= l->length)
3875 /* Update the abstract position to be the actual pid that we found */
3876 iter = l->list + index;
3877 *pos = cgroup_pid_fry(cgrp, *iter);
3881 static void cgroup_pidlist_stop(struct seq_file *s, void *v)
3883 struct kernfs_open_file *of = s->private;
3884 struct cgroup_pidlist *l = of->priv;
3887 mod_delayed_work(cgroup_pidlist_destroy_wq, &l->destroy_dwork,
3888 CGROUP_PIDLIST_DESTROY_DELAY);
3889 mutex_unlock(&seq_css(s)->cgroup->pidlist_mutex);
3892 static void *cgroup_pidlist_next(struct seq_file *s, void *v, loff_t *pos)
3894 struct kernfs_open_file *of = s->private;
3895 struct cgroup_pidlist *l = of->priv;
3897 pid_t *end = l->list + l->length;
3899 * Advance to the next pid in the array. If this goes off the
3906 *pos = cgroup_pid_fry(seq_css(s)->cgroup, *p);
3911 static int cgroup_pidlist_show(struct seq_file *s, void *v)
3913 return seq_printf(s, "%d\n", *(int *)v);
3916 static u64 cgroup_read_notify_on_release(struct cgroup_subsys_state *css,
3919 return notify_on_release(css->cgroup);
3922 static int cgroup_write_notify_on_release(struct cgroup_subsys_state *css,
3923 struct cftype *cft, u64 val)
3925 clear_bit(CGRP_RELEASABLE, &css->cgroup->flags);
3927 set_bit(CGRP_NOTIFY_ON_RELEASE, &css->cgroup->flags);
3929 clear_bit(CGRP_NOTIFY_ON_RELEASE, &css->cgroup->flags);
3933 static u64 cgroup_clone_children_read(struct cgroup_subsys_state *css,
3936 return test_bit(CGRP_CPUSET_CLONE_CHILDREN, &css->cgroup->flags);
3939 static int cgroup_clone_children_write(struct cgroup_subsys_state *css,
3940 struct cftype *cft, u64 val)
3943 set_bit(CGRP_CPUSET_CLONE_CHILDREN, &css->cgroup->flags);
3945 clear_bit(CGRP_CPUSET_CLONE_CHILDREN, &css->cgroup->flags);
3949 static struct cftype cgroup_base_files[] = {
3951 .name = "cgroup.procs",
3952 .seq_start = cgroup_pidlist_start,
3953 .seq_next = cgroup_pidlist_next,
3954 .seq_stop = cgroup_pidlist_stop,
3955 .seq_show = cgroup_pidlist_show,
3956 .private = CGROUP_FILE_PROCS,
3957 .write_u64 = cgroup_procs_write,
3958 .mode = S_IRUGO | S_IWUSR,
3961 .name = "cgroup.clone_children",
3962 .flags = CFTYPE_INSANE,
3963 .read_u64 = cgroup_clone_children_read,
3964 .write_u64 = cgroup_clone_children_write,
3967 .name = "cgroup.sane_behavior",
3968 .flags = CFTYPE_ONLY_ON_ROOT,
3969 .seq_show = cgroup_sane_behavior_show,
3972 .name = "cgroup.controllers",
3973 .flags = CFTYPE_ONLY_ON_DFL | CFTYPE_ONLY_ON_ROOT,
3974 .seq_show = cgroup_root_controllers_show,
3977 .name = "cgroup.controllers",
3978 .flags = CFTYPE_ONLY_ON_DFL | CFTYPE_NOT_ON_ROOT,
3979 .seq_show = cgroup_controllers_show,
3982 .name = "cgroup.subtree_control",
3983 .flags = CFTYPE_ONLY_ON_DFL,
3984 .seq_show = cgroup_subtree_control_show,
3985 .write_string = cgroup_subtree_control_write,
3988 .name = "cgroup.populated",
3989 .flags = CFTYPE_ONLY_ON_DFL | CFTYPE_NOT_ON_ROOT,
3990 .seq_show = cgroup_populated_show,
3994 * Historical crazy stuff. These don't have "cgroup." prefix and
3995 * don't exist if sane_behavior. If you're depending on these, be
3996 * prepared to be burned.
4000 .flags = CFTYPE_INSANE, /* use "procs" instead */
4001 .seq_start = cgroup_pidlist_start,
4002 .seq_next = cgroup_pidlist_next,
4003 .seq_stop = cgroup_pidlist_stop,
4004 .seq_show = cgroup_pidlist_show,
4005 .private = CGROUP_FILE_TASKS,
4006 .write_u64 = cgroup_tasks_write,
4007 .mode = S_IRUGO | S_IWUSR,
4010 .name = "notify_on_release",
4011 .flags = CFTYPE_INSANE,
4012 .read_u64 = cgroup_read_notify_on_release,
4013 .write_u64 = cgroup_write_notify_on_release,
4016 .name = "release_agent",
4017 .flags = CFTYPE_INSANE | CFTYPE_ONLY_ON_ROOT,
4018 .seq_show = cgroup_release_agent_show,
4019 .write_string = cgroup_release_agent_write,
4020 .max_write_len = PATH_MAX - 1,
4026 * cgroup_populate_dir - create subsys files in a cgroup directory
4027 * @cgrp: target cgroup
4028 * @subsys_mask: mask of the subsystem ids whose files should be added
4030 * On failure, no file is added.
4032 static int cgroup_populate_dir(struct cgroup *cgrp, unsigned int subsys_mask)
4034 struct cgroup_subsys *ss;
4037 /* process cftsets of each subsystem */
4038 for_each_subsys(ss, i) {
4039 struct cftype *cfts;
4041 if (!(subsys_mask & (1 << i)))
4044 list_for_each_entry(cfts, &ss->cfts, node) {
4045 ret = cgroup_addrm_files(cgrp, cfts, true);
4052 cgroup_clear_dir(cgrp, subsys_mask);
4057 * css destruction is four-stage process.
4059 * 1. Destruction starts. Killing of the percpu_ref is initiated.
4060 * Implemented in kill_css().
4062 * 2. When the percpu_ref is confirmed to be visible as killed on all CPUs
4063 * and thus css_tryget_online() is guaranteed to fail, the css can be
4064 * offlined by invoking offline_css(). After offlining, the base ref is
4065 * put. Implemented in css_killed_work_fn().
4067 * 3. When the percpu_ref reaches zero, the only possible remaining
4068 * accessors are inside RCU read sections. css_release() schedules the
4071 * 4. After the grace period, the css can be freed. Implemented in
4072 * css_free_work_fn().
4074 * It is actually hairier because both step 2 and 4 require process context
4075 * and thus involve punting to css->destroy_work adding two additional
4076 * steps to the already complex sequence.
4078 static void css_free_work_fn(struct work_struct *work)
4080 struct cgroup_subsys_state *css =
4081 container_of(work, struct cgroup_subsys_state, destroy_work);
4082 struct cgroup *cgrp = css->cgroup;
4085 css_put(css->parent);
4087 css->ss->css_free(css);
4091 static void css_free_rcu_fn(struct rcu_head *rcu_head)
4093 struct cgroup_subsys_state *css =
4094 container_of(rcu_head, struct cgroup_subsys_state, rcu_head);
4096 INIT_WORK(&css->destroy_work, css_free_work_fn);
4097 queue_work(cgroup_destroy_wq, &css->destroy_work);
4100 static void css_release(struct percpu_ref *ref)
4102 struct cgroup_subsys_state *css =
4103 container_of(ref, struct cgroup_subsys_state, refcnt);
4104 struct cgroup_subsys *ss = css->ss;
4106 cgroup_idr_remove(&ss->css_idr, css->id);
4108 call_rcu(&css->rcu_head, css_free_rcu_fn);
4111 static void init_and_link_css(struct cgroup_subsys_state *css,
4112 struct cgroup_subsys *ss, struct cgroup *cgrp)
4121 css->parent = cgroup_css(cgrp->parent, ss);
4122 css_get(css->parent);
4124 css->flags |= CSS_ROOT;
4127 BUG_ON(cgroup_css(cgrp, ss));
4130 /* invoke ->css_online() on a new CSS and mark it online if successful */
4131 static int online_css(struct cgroup_subsys_state *css)
4133 struct cgroup_subsys *ss = css->ss;
4136 lockdep_assert_held(&cgroup_tree_mutex);
4137 lockdep_assert_held(&cgroup_mutex);
4140 ret = ss->css_online(css);
4142 css->flags |= CSS_ONLINE;
4143 css->cgroup->nr_css++;
4144 rcu_assign_pointer(css->cgroup->subsys[ss->id], css);
4149 /* if the CSS is online, invoke ->css_offline() on it and mark it offline */
4150 static void offline_css(struct cgroup_subsys_state *css)
4152 struct cgroup_subsys *ss = css->ss;
4154 lockdep_assert_held(&cgroup_tree_mutex);
4155 lockdep_assert_held(&cgroup_mutex);
4157 if (!(css->flags & CSS_ONLINE))
4160 if (ss->css_offline)
4161 ss->css_offline(css);
4163 css->flags &= ~CSS_ONLINE;
4164 css->cgroup->nr_css--;
4165 RCU_INIT_POINTER(css->cgroup->subsys[ss->id], NULL);
4167 wake_up_all(&css->cgroup->offline_waitq);
4171 * create_css - create a cgroup_subsys_state
4172 * @cgrp: the cgroup new css will be associated with
4173 * @ss: the subsys of new css
4175 * Create a new css associated with @cgrp - @ss pair. On success, the new
4176 * css is online and installed in @cgrp with all interface files created.
4177 * Returns 0 on success, -errno on failure.
4179 static int create_css(struct cgroup *cgrp, struct cgroup_subsys *ss)
4181 struct cgroup *parent = cgrp->parent;
4182 struct cgroup_subsys_state *css;
4185 lockdep_assert_held(&cgroup_mutex);
4187 css = ss->css_alloc(cgroup_css(parent, ss));
4189 return PTR_ERR(css);
4191 init_and_link_css(css, ss, cgrp);
4193 err = percpu_ref_init(&css->refcnt, css_release);
4197 err = cgroup_idr_alloc(&ss->css_idr, NULL, 2, 0, GFP_NOWAIT);
4199 goto err_free_percpu_ref;
4202 err = cgroup_populate_dir(cgrp, 1 << ss->id);
4206 /* @css is ready to be brought online now, make it visible */
4207 cgroup_idr_replace(&ss->css_idr, css, css->id);
4209 err = online_css(css);
4213 if (ss->broken_hierarchy && !ss->warned_broken_hierarchy &&
4215 pr_warn("%s (%d) created nested cgroup for controller \"%s\" which has incomplete hierarchy support. Nested cgroups may change behavior in the future.\n",
4216 current->comm, current->pid, ss->name);
4217 if (!strcmp(ss->name, "memory"))
4218 pr_warn("\"memory\" requires setting use_hierarchy to 1 on the root\n");
4219 ss->warned_broken_hierarchy = true;
4225 cgroup_clear_dir(css->cgroup, 1 << css->ss->id);
4227 cgroup_idr_remove(&ss->css_idr, css->id);
4228 err_free_percpu_ref:
4229 percpu_ref_cancel_init(&css->refcnt);
4231 call_rcu(&css->rcu_head, css_free_rcu_fn);
4236 * cgroup_create - create a cgroup
4237 * @parent: cgroup that will be parent of the new cgroup
4238 * @name: name of the new cgroup
4239 * @mode: mode to set on new cgroup
4241 static long cgroup_create(struct cgroup *parent, const char *name,
4244 struct cgroup *cgrp;
4245 struct cgroup_root *root = parent->root;
4247 struct cgroup_subsys *ss;
4248 struct kernfs_node *kn;
4250 /* allocate the cgroup and its ID, 0 is reserved for the root */
4251 cgrp = kzalloc(sizeof(*cgrp), GFP_KERNEL);
4255 mutex_lock(&cgroup_tree_mutex);
4258 * Only live parents can have children. Note that the liveliness
4259 * check isn't strictly necessary because cgroup_mkdir() and
4260 * cgroup_rmdir() are fully synchronized by i_mutex; however, do it
4261 * anyway so that locking is contained inside cgroup proper and we
4262 * don't get nasty surprises if we ever grow another caller.
4264 if (!cgroup_lock_live_group(parent)) {
4266 goto err_unlock_tree;
4270 * Temporarily set the pointer to NULL, so idr_find() won't return
4271 * a half-baked cgroup.
4273 cgrp->id = cgroup_idr_alloc(&root->cgroup_idr, NULL, 2, 0, GFP_NOWAIT);
4279 init_cgroup_housekeeping(cgrp);
4281 cgrp->parent = parent;
4282 cgrp->dummy_css.parent = &parent->dummy_css;
4283 cgrp->root = parent->root;
4285 if (notify_on_release(parent))
4286 set_bit(CGRP_NOTIFY_ON_RELEASE, &cgrp->flags);
4288 if (test_bit(CGRP_CPUSET_CLONE_CHILDREN, &parent->flags))
4289 set_bit(CGRP_CPUSET_CLONE_CHILDREN, &cgrp->flags);
4291 /* create the directory */
4292 kn = kernfs_create_dir(parent->kn, name, mode, cgrp);
4300 * This extra ref will be put in cgroup_free_fn() and guarantees
4301 * that @cgrp->kn is always accessible.
4305 cgrp->serial_nr = cgroup_serial_nr_next++;
4307 /* allocation complete, commit to creation */
4308 list_add_tail_rcu(&cgrp->sibling, &cgrp->parent->children);
4309 atomic_inc(&root->nr_cgrps);
4313 * @cgrp is now fully operational. If something fails after this
4314 * point, it'll be released via the normal destruction path.
4316 cgroup_idr_replace(&root->cgroup_idr, cgrp, cgrp->id);
4318 err = cgroup_kn_set_ugid(kn);
4322 err = cgroup_addrm_files(cgrp, cgroup_base_files, true);
4326 /* let's create and online css's */
4327 for_each_subsys(ss, ssid) {
4328 if (parent->child_subsys_mask & (1 << ssid)) {
4329 err = create_css(cgrp, ss);
4336 * On the default hierarchy, a child doesn't automatically inherit
4337 * child_subsys_mask from the parent. Each is configured manually.
4339 if (!cgroup_on_dfl(cgrp))
4340 cgrp->child_subsys_mask = parent->child_subsys_mask;
4342 kernfs_activate(kn);
4344 mutex_unlock(&cgroup_mutex);
4345 mutex_unlock(&cgroup_tree_mutex);
4350 cgroup_idr_remove(&root->cgroup_idr, cgrp->id);
4352 mutex_unlock(&cgroup_mutex);
4354 mutex_unlock(&cgroup_tree_mutex);
4359 cgroup_destroy_locked(cgrp);
4360 mutex_unlock(&cgroup_mutex);
4361 mutex_unlock(&cgroup_tree_mutex);
4365 static int cgroup_mkdir(struct kernfs_node *parent_kn, const char *name,
4368 struct cgroup *parent = parent_kn->priv;
4372 * cgroup_create() grabs cgroup_tree_mutex which nests outside
4373 * kernfs active_ref and cgroup_create() already synchronizes
4374 * properly against removal through cgroup_lock_live_group().
4375 * Break it before calling cgroup_create().
4378 kernfs_break_active_protection(parent_kn);
4380 ret = cgroup_create(parent, name, mode);
4382 kernfs_unbreak_active_protection(parent_kn);
4388 * This is called when the refcnt of a css is confirmed to be killed.
4389 * css_tryget_online() is now guaranteed to fail.
4391 static void css_killed_work_fn(struct work_struct *work)
4393 struct cgroup_subsys_state *css =
4394 container_of(work, struct cgroup_subsys_state, destroy_work);
4395 struct cgroup *cgrp = css->cgroup;
4397 mutex_lock(&cgroup_tree_mutex);
4398 mutex_lock(&cgroup_mutex);
4401 * css_tryget_online() is guaranteed to fail now. Tell subsystems
4402 * to initate destruction.
4407 * If @cgrp is marked dead, it's waiting for refs of all css's to
4408 * be disabled before proceeding to the second phase of cgroup
4409 * destruction. If we are the last one, kick it off.
4411 if (!cgrp->nr_css && cgroup_is_dead(cgrp))
4412 cgroup_destroy_css_killed(cgrp);
4414 mutex_unlock(&cgroup_mutex);
4415 mutex_unlock(&cgroup_tree_mutex);
4418 * Put the css refs from kill_css(). Each css holds an extra
4419 * reference to the cgroup's dentry and cgroup removal proceeds
4420 * regardless of css refs. On the last put of each css, whenever
4421 * that may be, the extra dentry ref is put so that dentry
4422 * destruction happens only after all css's are released.
4427 /* css kill confirmation processing requires process context, bounce */
4428 static void css_killed_ref_fn(struct percpu_ref *ref)
4430 struct cgroup_subsys_state *css =
4431 container_of(ref, struct cgroup_subsys_state, refcnt);
4433 INIT_WORK(&css->destroy_work, css_killed_work_fn);
4434 queue_work(cgroup_destroy_wq, &css->destroy_work);
4438 * kill_css - destroy a css
4439 * @css: css to destroy
4441 * This function initiates destruction of @css by removing cgroup interface
4442 * files and putting its base reference. ->css_offline() will be invoked
4443 * asynchronously once css_tryget_online() is guaranteed to fail and when
4444 * the reference count reaches zero, @css will be released.
4446 static void kill_css(struct cgroup_subsys_state *css)
4448 lockdep_assert_held(&cgroup_tree_mutex);
4451 * This must happen before css is disassociated with its cgroup.
4452 * See seq_css() for details.
4454 cgroup_clear_dir(css->cgroup, 1 << css->ss->id);
4457 * Killing would put the base ref, but we need to keep it alive
4458 * until after ->css_offline().
4463 * cgroup core guarantees that, by the time ->css_offline() is
4464 * invoked, no new css reference will be given out via
4465 * css_tryget_online(). We can't simply call percpu_ref_kill() and
4466 * proceed to offlining css's because percpu_ref_kill() doesn't
4467 * guarantee that the ref is seen as killed on all CPUs on return.
4469 * Use percpu_ref_kill_and_confirm() to get notifications as each
4470 * css is confirmed to be seen as killed on all CPUs.
4472 percpu_ref_kill_and_confirm(&css->refcnt, css_killed_ref_fn);
4476 * cgroup_destroy_locked - the first stage of cgroup destruction
4477 * @cgrp: cgroup to be destroyed
4479 * css's make use of percpu refcnts whose killing latency shouldn't be
4480 * exposed to userland and are RCU protected. Also, cgroup core needs to
4481 * guarantee that css_tryget_online() won't succeed by the time
4482 * ->css_offline() is invoked. To satisfy all the requirements,
4483 * destruction is implemented in the following two steps.
4485 * s1. Verify @cgrp can be destroyed and mark it dying. Remove all
4486 * userland visible parts and start killing the percpu refcnts of
4487 * css's. Set up so that the next stage will be kicked off once all
4488 * the percpu refcnts are confirmed to be killed.
4490 * s2. Invoke ->css_offline(), mark the cgroup dead and proceed with the
4491 * rest of destruction. Once all cgroup references are gone, the
4492 * cgroup is RCU-freed.
4494 * This function implements s1. After this step, @cgrp is gone as far as
4495 * the userland is concerned and a new cgroup with the same name may be
4496 * created. As cgroup doesn't care about the names internally, this
4497 * doesn't cause any problem.
4499 static int cgroup_destroy_locked(struct cgroup *cgrp)
4500 __releases(&cgroup_mutex) __acquires(&cgroup_mutex)
4502 struct cgroup *child;
4503 struct cgroup_subsys_state *css;
4507 lockdep_assert_held(&cgroup_tree_mutex);
4508 lockdep_assert_held(&cgroup_mutex);
4511 * css_set_rwsem synchronizes access to ->cset_links and prevents
4512 * @cgrp from being removed while put_css_set() is in progress.
4514 down_read(&css_set_rwsem);
4515 empty = list_empty(&cgrp->cset_links);
4516 up_read(&css_set_rwsem);
4521 * Make sure there's no live children. We can't test ->children
4522 * emptiness as dead children linger on it while being destroyed;
4523 * otherwise, "rmdir parent/child parent" may fail with -EBUSY.
4527 list_for_each_entry_rcu(child, &cgrp->children, sibling) {
4528 empty = cgroup_is_dead(child);
4537 * Mark @cgrp dead. This prevents further task migration and child
4538 * creation by disabling cgroup_lock_live_group(). Note that
4539 * CGRP_DEAD assertion is depended upon by css_next_child() to
4540 * resume iteration after dropping RCU read lock. See
4541 * css_next_child() for details.
4543 set_bit(CGRP_DEAD, &cgrp->flags);
4546 * Initiate massacre of all css's. cgroup_destroy_css_killed()
4547 * will be invoked to perform the rest of destruction once the
4548 * percpu refs of all css's are confirmed to be killed. This
4549 * involves removing the subsystem's files, drop cgroup_mutex.
4551 mutex_unlock(&cgroup_mutex);
4552 for_each_css(css, ssid, cgrp)
4554 mutex_lock(&cgroup_mutex);
4556 /* CGRP_DEAD is set, remove from ->release_list for the last time */
4557 raw_spin_lock(&release_list_lock);
4558 if (!list_empty(&cgrp->release_list))
4559 list_del_init(&cgrp->release_list);
4560 raw_spin_unlock(&release_list_lock);
4563 * If @cgrp has css's attached, the second stage of cgroup
4564 * destruction is kicked off from css_killed_work_fn() after the
4565 * refs of all attached css's are killed. If @cgrp doesn't have
4566 * any css, we kick it off here.
4569 cgroup_destroy_css_killed(cgrp);
4571 /* remove @cgrp directory along with the base files */
4572 mutex_unlock(&cgroup_mutex);
4575 * There are two control paths which try to determine cgroup from
4576 * dentry without going through kernfs - cgroupstats_build() and
4577 * css_tryget_online_from_dir(). Those are supported by RCU
4578 * protecting clearing of cgrp->kn->priv backpointer, which should
4579 * happen after all files under it have been removed.
4581 kernfs_remove(cgrp->kn); /* @cgrp has an extra ref on its kn */
4582 RCU_INIT_POINTER(*(void __rcu __force **)&cgrp->kn->priv, NULL);
4584 mutex_lock(&cgroup_mutex);
4590 * cgroup_destroy_css_killed - the second step of cgroup destruction
4591 * @cgrp: the cgroup whose csses have just finished offlining
4593 * This function is invoked from a work item for a cgroup which is being
4594 * destroyed after all css's are offlined and performs the rest of
4595 * destruction. This is the second step of destruction described in the
4596 * comment above cgroup_destroy_locked().
4598 static void cgroup_destroy_css_killed(struct cgroup *cgrp)
4600 struct cgroup *parent = cgrp->parent;
4602 lockdep_assert_held(&cgroup_tree_mutex);
4603 lockdep_assert_held(&cgroup_mutex);
4605 /* delete this cgroup from parent->children */
4606 list_del_rcu(&cgrp->sibling);
4610 set_bit(CGRP_RELEASABLE, &parent->flags);
4611 check_for_release(parent);
4614 static int cgroup_rmdir(struct kernfs_node *kn)
4616 struct cgroup *cgrp = kn->priv;
4620 * This is self-destruction but @kn can't be removed while this
4621 * callback is in progress. Let's break active protection. Once
4622 * the protection is broken, @cgrp can be destroyed at any point.
4623 * Pin it so that it stays accessible.
4626 kernfs_break_active_protection(kn);
4628 mutex_lock(&cgroup_tree_mutex);
4629 mutex_lock(&cgroup_mutex);
4632 * @cgrp might already have been destroyed while we're trying to
4635 if (!cgroup_is_dead(cgrp))
4636 ret = cgroup_destroy_locked(cgrp);
4638 mutex_unlock(&cgroup_mutex);
4639 mutex_unlock(&cgroup_tree_mutex);
4641 kernfs_unbreak_active_protection(kn);
4646 static struct kernfs_syscall_ops cgroup_kf_syscall_ops = {
4647 .remount_fs = cgroup_remount,
4648 .show_options = cgroup_show_options,
4649 .mkdir = cgroup_mkdir,
4650 .rmdir = cgroup_rmdir,
4651 .rename = cgroup_rename,
4654 static void __init cgroup_init_subsys(struct cgroup_subsys *ss, bool early)
4656 struct cgroup_subsys_state *css;
4658 printk(KERN_INFO "Initializing cgroup subsys %s\n", ss->name);
4660 mutex_lock(&cgroup_tree_mutex);
4661 mutex_lock(&cgroup_mutex);
4663 idr_init(&ss->css_idr);
4664 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&ss->cfts);
4666 /* Create the root cgroup state for this subsystem */
4667 ss->root = &cgrp_dfl_root;
4668 css = ss->css_alloc(cgroup_css(&cgrp_dfl_root.cgrp, ss));
4669 /* We don't handle early failures gracefully */
4670 BUG_ON(IS_ERR(css));
4671 init_and_link_css(css, ss, &cgrp_dfl_root.cgrp);
4673 /* idr_alloc() can't be called safely during early init */
4676 css->id = cgroup_idr_alloc(&ss->css_idr, css, 1, 2, GFP_KERNEL);
4677 BUG_ON(css->id < 0);
4680 /* Update the init_css_set to contain a subsys
4681 * pointer to this state - since the subsystem is
4682 * newly registered, all tasks and hence the
4683 * init_css_set is in the subsystem's root cgroup. */
4684 init_css_set.subsys[ss->id] = css;
4686 need_forkexit_callback |= ss->fork || ss->exit;
4688 /* At system boot, before all subsystems have been
4689 * registered, no tasks have been forked, so we don't
4690 * need to invoke fork callbacks here. */
4691 BUG_ON(!list_empty(&init_task.tasks));
4693 BUG_ON(online_css(css));
4695 cgrp_dfl_root.subsys_mask |= 1 << ss->id;
4697 mutex_unlock(&cgroup_mutex);
4698 mutex_unlock(&cgroup_tree_mutex);
4702 * cgroup_init_early - cgroup initialization at system boot
4704 * Initialize cgroups at system boot, and initialize any
4705 * subsystems that request early init.
4707 int __init cgroup_init_early(void)
4709 static struct cgroup_sb_opts __initdata opts =
4710 { .flags = CGRP_ROOT_SANE_BEHAVIOR };
4711 struct cgroup_subsys *ss;
4714 init_cgroup_root(&cgrp_dfl_root, &opts);
4715 RCU_INIT_POINTER(init_task.cgroups, &init_css_set);
4717 for_each_subsys(ss, i) {
4718 WARN(!ss->css_alloc || !ss->css_free || ss->name || ss->id,
4719 "invalid cgroup_subsys %d:%s css_alloc=%p css_free=%p name:id=%d:%s\n",
4720 i, cgroup_subsys_name[i], ss->css_alloc, ss->css_free,
4722 WARN(strlen(cgroup_subsys_name[i]) > MAX_CGROUP_TYPE_NAMELEN,
4723 "cgroup_subsys_name %s too long\n", cgroup_subsys_name[i]);
4726 ss->name = cgroup_subsys_name[i];
4729 cgroup_init_subsys(ss, true);
4735 * cgroup_init - cgroup initialization
4737 * Register cgroup filesystem and /proc file, and initialize
4738 * any subsystems that didn't request early init.
4740 int __init cgroup_init(void)
4742 struct cgroup_subsys *ss;
4746 BUG_ON(cgroup_init_cftypes(NULL, cgroup_base_files));
4748 mutex_lock(&cgroup_tree_mutex);
4749 mutex_lock(&cgroup_mutex);
4751 /* Add init_css_set to the hash table */
4752 key = css_set_hash(init_css_set.subsys);
4753 hash_add(css_set_table, &init_css_set.hlist, key);
4755 BUG_ON(cgroup_setup_root(&cgrp_dfl_root, 0));
4757 mutex_unlock(&cgroup_mutex);
4758 mutex_unlock(&cgroup_tree_mutex);
4760 for_each_subsys(ss, ssid) {
4761 if (ss->early_init) {
4762 struct cgroup_subsys_state *css =
4763 init_css_set.subsys[ss->id];
4765 css->id = cgroup_idr_alloc(&ss->css_idr, css, 1, 2,
4767 BUG_ON(css->id < 0);
4769 cgroup_init_subsys(ss, false);
4772 list_add_tail(&init_css_set.e_cset_node[ssid],
4773 &cgrp_dfl_root.cgrp.e_csets[ssid]);
4776 * cftype registration needs kmalloc and can't be done
4777 * during early_init. Register base cftypes separately.
4779 if (ss->base_cftypes)
4780 WARN_ON(cgroup_add_cftypes(ss, ss->base_cftypes));
4783 cgroup_kobj = kobject_create_and_add("cgroup", fs_kobj);
4787 err = register_filesystem(&cgroup_fs_type);
4789 kobject_put(cgroup_kobj);
4793 proc_create("cgroups", 0, NULL, &proc_cgroupstats_operations);
4797 static int __init cgroup_wq_init(void)
4800 * There isn't much point in executing destruction path in
4801 * parallel. Good chunk is serialized with cgroup_mutex anyway.
4802 * Use 1 for @max_active.
4804 * We would prefer to do this in cgroup_init() above, but that
4805 * is called before init_workqueues(): so leave this until after.
4807 cgroup_destroy_wq = alloc_workqueue("cgroup_destroy", 0, 1);
4808 BUG_ON(!cgroup_destroy_wq);
4811 * Used to destroy pidlists and separate to serve as flush domain.
4812 * Cap @max_active to 1 too.
4814 cgroup_pidlist_destroy_wq = alloc_workqueue("cgroup_pidlist_destroy",
4816 BUG_ON(!cgroup_pidlist_destroy_wq);
4820 core_initcall(cgroup_wq_init);
4823 * proc_cgroup_show()
4824 * - Print task's cgroup paths into seq_file, one line for each hierarchy
4825 * - Used for /proc/<pid>/cgroup.
4828 /* TODO: Use a proper seq_file iterator */
4829 int proc_cgroup_show(struct seq_file *m, void *v)
4832 struct task_struct *tsk;
4835 struct cgroup_root *root;
4838 buf = kmalloc(PATH_MAX, GFP_KERNEL);
4844 tsk = get_pid_task(pid, PIDTYPE_PID);
4850 mutex_lock(&cgroup_mutex);
4851 down_read(&css_set_rwsem);
4853 for_each_root(root) {
4854 struct cgroup_subsys *ss;
4855 struct cgroup *cgrp;
4856 int ssid, count = 0;
4858 if (root == &cgrp_dfl_root && !cgrp_dfl_root_visible)
4861 seq_printf(m, "%d:", root->hierarchy_id);
4862 for_each_subsys(ss, ssid)
4863 if (root->subsys_mask & (1 << ssid))
4864 seq_printf(m, "%s%s", count++ ? "," : "", ss->name);
4865 if (strlen(root->name))
4866 seq_printf(m, "%sname=%s", count ? "," : "",
4869 cgrp = task_cgroup_from_root(tsk, root);
4870 path = cgroup_path(cgrp, buf, PATH_MAX);
4872 retval = -ENAMETOOLONG;
4880 up_read(&css_set_rwsem);
4881 mutex_unlock(&cgroup_mutex);
4882 put_task_struct(tsk);
4889 /* Display information about each subsystem and each hierarchy */
4890 static int proc_cgroupstats_show(struct seq_file *m, void *v)
4892 struct cgroup_subsys *ss;
4895 seq_puts(m, "#subsys_name\thierarchy\tnum_cgroups\tenabled\n");
4897 * ideally we don't want subsystems moving around while we do this.
4898 * cgroup_mutex is also necessary to guarantee an atomic snapshot of
4899 * subsys/hierarchy state.
4901 mutex_lock(&cgroup_mutex);
4903 for_each_subsys(ss, i)
4904 seq_printf(m, "%s\t%d\t%d\t%d\n",
4905 ss->name, ss->root->hierarchy_id,
4906 atomic_read(&ss->root->nr_cgrps), !ss->disabled);
4908 mutex_unlock(&cgroup_mutex);
4912 static int cgroupstats_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
4914 return single_open(file, proc_cgroupstats_show, NULL);
4917 static const struct file_operations proc_cgroupstats_operations = {
4918 .open = cgroupstats_open,
4920 .llseek = seq_lseek,
4921 .release = single_release,
4925 * cgroup_fork - initialize cgroup related fields during copy_process()
4926 * @child: pointer to task_struct of forking parent process.
4928 * A task is associated with the init_css_set until cgroup_post_fork()
4929 * attaches it to the parent's css_set. Empty cg_list indicates that
4930 * @child isn't holding reference to its css_set.
4932 void cgroup_fork(struct task_struct *child)
4934 RCU_INIT_POINTER(child->cgroups, &init_css_set);
4935 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&child->cg_list);
4939 * cgroup_post_fork - called on a new task after adding it to the task list
4940 * @child: the task in question
4942 * Adds the task to the list running through its css_set if necessary and
4943 * call the subsystem fork() callbacks. Has to be after the task is
4944 * visible on the task list in case we race with the first call to
4945 * cgroup_task_iter_start() - to guarantee that the new task ends up on its
4948 void cgroup_post_fork(struct task_struct *child)
4950 struct cgroup_subsys *ss;
4954 * This may race against cgroup_enable_task_cg_links(). As that
4955 * function sets use_task_css_set_links before grabbing
4956 * tasklist_lock and we just went through tasklist_lock to add
4957 * @child, it's guaranteed that either we see the set
4958 * use_task_css_set_links or cgroup_enable_task_cg_lists() sees
4959 * @child during its iteration.
4961 * If we won the race, @child is associated with %current's
4962 * css_set. Grabbing css_set_rwsem guarantees both that the
4963 * association is stable, and, on completion of the parent's
4964 * migration, @child is visible in the source of migration or
4965 * already in the destination cgroup. This guarantee is necessary
4966 * when implementing operations which need to migrate all tasks of
4967 * a cgroup to another.
4969 * Note that if we lose to cgroup_enable_task_cg_links(), @child
4970 * will remain in init_css_set. This is safe because all tasks are
4971 * in the init_css_set before cg_links is enabled and there's no
4972 * operation which transfers all tasks out of init_css_set.
4974 if (use_task_css_set_links) {
4975 struct css_set *cset;
4977 down_write(&css_set_rwsem);
4978 cset = task_css_set(current);
4979 if (list_empty(&child->cg_list)) {
4980 rcu_assign_pointer(child->cgroups, cset);
4981 list_add(&child->cg_list, &cset->tasks);
4984 up_write(&css_set_rwsem);
4988 * Call ss->fork(). This must happen after @child is linked on
4989 * css_set; otherwise, @child might change state between ->fork()
4990 * and addition to css_set.
4992 if (need_forkexit_callback) {
4993 for_each_subsys(ss, i)
5000 * cgroup_exit - detach cgroup from exiting task
5001 * @tsk: pointer to task_struct of exiting process
5003 * Description: Detach cgroup from @tsk and release it.
5005 * Note that cgroups marked notify_on_release force every task in
5006 * them to take the global cgroup_mutex mutex when exiting.
5007 * This could impact scaling on very large systems. Be reluctant to
5008 * use notify_on_release cgroups where very high task exit scaling
5009 * is required on large systems.
5011 * We set the exiting tasks cgroup to the root cgroup (top_cgroup). We
5012 * call cgroup_exit() while the task is still competent to handle
5013 * notify_on_release(), then leave the task attached to the root cgroup in
5014 * each hierarchy for the remainder of its exit. No need to bother with
5015 * init_css_set refcnting. init_css_set never goes away and we can't race
5016 * with migration path - PF_EXITING is visible to migration path.
5018 void cgroup_exit(struct task_struct *tsk)
5020 struct cgroup_subsys *ss;
5021 struct css_set *cset;
5022 bool put_cset = false;
5026 * Unlink from @tsk from its css_set. As migration path can't race
5027 * with us, we can check cg_list without grabbing css_set_rwsem.
5029 if (!list_empty(&tsk->cg_list)) {
5030 down_write(&css_set_rwsem);
5031 list_del_init(&tsk->cg_list);
5032 up_write(&css_set_rwsem);
5036 /* Reassign the task to the init_css_set. */
5037 cset = task_css_set(tsk);
5038 RCU_INIT_POINTER(tsk->cgroups, &init_css_set);
5040 if (need_forkexit_callback) {
5041 /* see cgroup_post_fork() for details */
5042 for_each_subsys(ss, i) {
5044 struct cgroup_subsys_state *old_css = cset->subsys[i];
5045 struct cgroup_subsys_state *css = task_css(tsk, i);
5047 ss->exit(css, old_css, tsk);
5053 put_css_set(cset, true);
5056 static void check_for_release(struct cgroup *cgrp)
5058 if (cgroup_is_releasable(cgrp) &&
5059 list_empty(&cgrp->cset_links) && list_empty(&cgrp->children)) {
5061 * Control Group is currently removeable. If it's not
5062 * already queued for a userspace notification, queue
5065 int need_schedule_work = 0;
5067 raw_spin_lock(&release_list_lock);
5068 if (!cgroup_is_dead(cgrp) &&
5069 list_empty(&cgrp->release_list)) {
5070 list_add(&cgrp->release_list, &release_list);
5071 need_schedule_work = 1;
5073 raw_spin_unlock(&release_list_lock);
5074 if (need_schedule_work)
5075 schedule_work(&release_agent_work);
5080 * Notify userspace when a cgroup is released, by running the
5081 * configured release agent with the name of the cgroup (path
5082 * relative to the root of cgroup file system) as the argument.
5084 * Most likely, this user command will try to rmdir this cgroup.
5086 * This races with the possibility that some other task will be
5087 * attached to this cgroup before it is removed, or that some other
5088 * user task will 'mkdir' a child cgroup of this cgroup. That's ok.
5089 * The presumed 'rmdir' will fail quietly if this cgroup is no longer
5090 * unused, and this cgroup will be reprieved from its death sentence,
5091 * to continue to serve a useful existence. Next time it's released,
5092 * we will get notified again, if it still has 'notify_on_release' set.
5094 * The final arg to call_usermodehelper() is UMH_WAIT_EXEC, which
5095 * means only wait until the task is successfully execve()'d. The
5096 * separate release agent task is forked by call_usermodehelper(),
5097 * then control in this thread returns here, without waiting for the
5098 * release agent task. We don't bother to wait because the caller of
5099 * this routine has no use for the exit status of the release agent
5100 * task, so no sense holding our caller up for that.
5102 static void cgroup_release_agent(struct work_struct *work)
5104 BUG_ON(work != &release_agent_work);
5105 mutex_lock(&cgroup_mutex);
5106 raw_spin_lock(&release_list_lock);
5107 while (!list_empty(&release_list)) {
5108 char *argv[3], *envp[3];
5110 char *pathbuf = NULL, *agentbuf = NULL, *path;
5111 struct cgroup *cgrp = list_entry(release_list.next,
5114 list_del_init(&cgrp->release_list);
5115 raw_spin_unlock(&release_list_lock);
5116 pathbuf = kmalloc(PATH_MAX, GFP_KERNEL);
5119 path = cgroup_path(cgrp, pathbuf, PATH_MAX);
5122 agentbuf = kstrdup(cgrp->root->release_agent_path, GFP_KERNEL);
5127 argv[i++] = agentbuf;
5132 /* minimal command environment */
5133 envp[i++] = "HOME=/";
5134 envp[i++] = "PATH=/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin";
5137 /* Drop the lock while we invoke the usermode helper,
5138 * since the exec could involve hitting disk and hence
5139 * be a slow process */
5140 mutex_unlock(&cgroup_mutex);
5141 call_usermodehelper(argv[0], argv, envp, UMH_WAIT_EXEC);
5142 mutex_lock(&cgroup_mutex);
5146 raw_spin_lock(&release_list_lock);
5148 raw_spin_unlock(&release_list_lock);
5149 mutex_unlock(&cgroup_mutex);
5152 static int __init cgroup_disable(char *str)
5154 struct cgroup_subsys *ss;
5158 while ((token = strsep(&str, ",")) != NULL) {
5162 for_each_subsys(ss, i) {
5163 if (!strcmp(token, ss->name)) {
5165 printk(KERN_INFO "Disabling %s control group"
5166 " subsystem\n", ss->name);
5173 __setup("cgroup_disable=", cgroup_disable);
5176 * css_tryget_online_from_dir - get corresponding css from a cgroup dentry
5177 * @dentry: directory dentry of interest
5178 * @ss: subsystem of interest
5180 * If @dentry is a directory for a cgroup which has @ss enabled on it, try
5181 * to get the corresponding css and return it. If such css doesn't exist
5182 * or can't be pinned, an ERR_PTR value is returned.
5184 struct cgroup_subsys_state *css_tryget_online_from_dir(struct dentry *dentry,
5185 struct cgroup_subsys *ss)
5187 struct kernfs_node *kn = kernfs_node_from_dentry(dentry);
5188 struct cgroup_subsys_state *css = NULL;
5189 struct cgroup *cgrp;
5191 /* is @dentry a cgroup dir? */
5192 if (dentry->d_sb->s_type != &cgroup_fs_type || !kn ||
5193 kernfs_type(kn) != KERNFS_DIR)
5194 return ERR_PTR(-EBADF);
5199 * This path doesn't originate from kernfs and @kn could already
5200 * have been or be removed at any point. @kn->priv is RCU
5201 * protected for this access. See destroy_locked() for details.
5203 cgrp = rcu_dereference(kn->priv);
5205 css = cgroup_css(cgrp, ss);
5207 if (!css || !css_tryget_online(css))
5208 css = ERR_PTR(-ENOENT);
5215 * css_from_id - lookup css by id
5216 * @id: the cgroup id
5217 * @ss: cgroup subsys to be looked into
5219 * Returns the css if there's valid one with @id, otherwise returns NULL.
5220 * Should be called under rcu_read_lock().
5222 struct cgroup_subsys_state *css_from_id(int id, struct cgroup_subsys *ss)
5224 WARN_ON_ONCE(!rcu_read_lock_held());
5225 return idr_find(&ss->css_idr, id);
5228 #ifdef CONFIG_CGROUP_DEBUG
5229 static struct cgroup_subsys_state *
5230 debug_css_alloc(struct cgroup_subsys_state *parent_css)
5232 struct cgroup_subsys_state *css = kzalloc(sizeof(*css), GFP_KERNEL);
5235 return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
5240 static void debug_css_free(struct cgroup_subsys_state *css)
5245 static u64 debug_taskcount_read(struct cgroup_subsys_state *css,
5248 return cgroup_task_count(css->cgroup);
5251 static u64 current_css_set_read(struct cgroup_subsys_state *css,
5254 return (u64)(unsigned long)current->cgroups;
5257 static u64 current_css_set_refcount_read(struct cgroup_subsys_state *css,
5263 count = atomic_read(&task_css_set(current)->refcount);
5268 static int current_css_set_cg_links_read(struct seq_file *seq, void *v)
5270 struct cgrp_cset_link *link;
5271 struct css_set *cset;
5274 name_buf = kmalloc(NAME_MAX + 1, GFP_KERNEL);
5278 down_read(&css_set_rwsem);
5280 cset = rcu_dereference(current->cgroups);
5281 list_for_each_entry(link, &cset->cgrp_links, cgrp_link) {
5282 struct cgroup *c = link->cgrp;
5284 cgroup_name(c, name_buf, NAME_MAX + 1);
5285 seq_printf(seq, "Root %d group %s\n",
5286 c->root->hierarchy_id, name_buf);
5289 up_read(&css_set_rwsem);
5294 #define MAX_TASKS_SHOWN_PER_CSS 25
5295 static int cgroup_css_links_read(struct seq_file *seq, void *v)
5297 struct cgroup_subsys_state *css = seq_css(seq);
5298 struct cgrp_cset_link *link;
5300 down_read(&css_set_rwsem);
5301 list_for_each_entry(link, &css->cgroup->cset_links, cset_link) {
5302 struct css_set *cset = link->cset;
5303 struct task_struct *task;
5306 seq_printf(seq, "css_set %p\n", cset);
5308 list_for_each_entry(task, &cset->tasks, cg_list) {
5309 if (count++ > MAX_TASKS_SHOWN_PER_CSS)
5311 seq_printf(seq, " task %d\n", task_pid_vnr(task));
5314 list_for_each_entry(task, &cset->mg_tasks, cg_list) {
5315 if (count++ > MAX_TASKS_SHOWN_PER_CSS)
5317 seq_printf(seq, " task %d\n", task_pid_vnr(task));
5321 seq_puts(seq, " ...\n");
5323 up_read(&css_set_rwsem);
5327 static u64 releasable_read(struct cgroup_subsys_state *css, struct cftype *cft)
5329 return test_bit(CGRP_RELEASABLE, &css->cgroup->flags);
5332 static struct cftype debug_files[] = {
5334 .name = "taskcount",
5335 .read_u64 = debug_taskcount_read,
5339 .name = "current_css_set",
5340 .read_u64 = current_css_set_read,
5344 .name = "current_css_set_refcount",
5345 .read_u64 = current_css_set_refcount_read,
5349 .name = "current_css_set_cg_links",
5350 .seq_show = current_css_set_cg_links_read,
5354 .name = "cgroup_css_links",
5355 .seq_show = cgroup_css_links_read,
5359 .name = "releasable",
5360 .read_u64 = releasable_read,
5366 struct cgroup_subsys debug_cgrp_subsys = {
5367 .css_alloc = debug_css_alloc,
5368 .css_free = debug_css_free,
5369 .base_cftypes = debug_files,
5371 #endif /* CONFIG_CGROUP_DEBUG */