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1 /*
2  * ring buffer based function tracer
3  *
4  * Copyright (C) 2007-2008 Steven Rostedt <srostedt@redhat.com>
5  * Copyright (C) 2008 Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
6  *
7  * Based on code from the latency_tracer, that is:
8  *
9  *  Copyright (C) 2004-2006 Ingo Molnar
10  *  Copyright (C) 2004 Nadia Yvette Chambers
11  */
12 #include <linux/ring_buffer.h>
13 #include <linux/debugfs.h>
14 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
15 #include <linux/ftrace.h>
16 #include <linux/slab.h>
17 #include <linux/fs.h>
18
19 #include "trace.h"
20
21 static void tracing_start_function_trace(struct trace_array *tr);
22 static void tracing_stop_function_trace(struct trace_array *tr);
23 static void
24 function_trace_call(unsigned long ip, unsigned long parent_ip,
25                     struct ftrace_ops *op, struct pt_regs *pt_regs);
26 static void
27 function_stack_trace_call(unsigned long ip, unsigned long parent_ip,
28                           struct ftrace_ops *op, struct pt_regs *pt_regs);
29 static struct tracer_flags func_flags;
30
31 /* Our option */
32 enum {
33         TRACE_FUNC_OPT_STACK    = 0x1,
34 };
35
36 static int allocate_ftrace_ops(struct trace_array *tr)
37 {
38         struct ftrace_ops *ops;
39
40         ops = kzalloc(sizeof(*ops), GFP_KERNEL);
41         if (!ops)
42                 return -ENOMEM;
43
44         /* Currently only the non stack verision is supported */
45         ops->func = function_trace_call;
46         ops->flags = FTRACE_OPS_FL_RECURSION_SAFE | FTRACE_OPS_FL_PID;
47
48         tr->ops = ops;
49         ops->private = tr;
50         return 0;
51 }
52
53
54 int ftrace_create_function_files(struct trace_array *tr,
55                                  struct dentry *parent)
56 {
57         int ret;
58
59         /*
60          * The top level array uses the "global_ops", and the files are
61          * created on boot up.
62          */
63         if (tr->flags & TRACE_ARRAY_FL_GLOBAL)
64                 return 0;
65
66         ret = allocate_ftrace_ops(tr);
67         if (ret)
68                 return ret;
69
70         ftrace_create_filter_files(tr->ops, parent);
71
72         return 0;
73 }
74
75 void ftrace_destroy_function_files(struct trace_array *tr)
76 {
77         ftrace_destroy_filter_files(tr->ops);
78         kfree(tr->ops);
79         tr->ops = NULL;
80 }
81
82 static int function_trace_init(struct trace_array *tr)
83 {
84         ftrace_func_t func;
85
86         /*
87          * Instance trace_arrays get their ops allocated
88          * at instance creation. Unless it failed
89          * the allocation.
90          */
91         if (!tr->ops)
92                 return -ENOMEM;
93
94         /* Currently only the global instance can do stack tracing */
95         if (tr->flags & TRACE_ARRAY_FL_GLOBAL &&
96             func_flags.val & TRACE_FUNC_OPT_STACK)
97                 func = function_stack_trace_call;
98         else
99                 func = function_trace_call;
100
101         ftrace_init_array_ops(tr, func);
102
103         tr->trace_buffer.cpu = get_cpu();
104         put_cpu();
105
106         tracing_start_cmdline_record();
107         tracing_start_function_trace(tr);
108         return 0;
109 }
110
111 static void function_trace_reset(struct trace_array *tr)
112 {
113         tracing_stop_function_trace(tr);
114         tracing_stop_cmdline_record();
115         ftrace_reset_array_ops(tr);
116 }
117
118 static void function_trace_start(struct trace_array *tr)
119 {
120         tracing_reset_online_cpus(&tr->trace_buffer);
121 }
122
123 static void
124 function_trace_call(unsigned long ip, unsigned long parent_ip,
125                     struct ftrace_ops *op, struct pt_regs *pt_regs)
126 {
127         struct trace_array *tr = op->private;
128         struct trace_array_cpu *data;
129         unsigned long flags;
130         int bit;
131         int cpu;
132         int pc;
133
134         if (unlikely(!tr->function_enabled))
135                 return;
136
137         pc = preempt_count();
138         preempt_disable_notrace();
139
140         bit = trace_test_and_set_recursion(TRACE_FTRACE_START, TRACE_FTRACE_MAX);
141         if (bit < 0)
142                 goto out;
143
144         cpu = smp_processor_id();
145         data = per_cpu_ptr(tr->trace_buffer.data, cpu);
146         if (!atomic_read(&data->disabled)) {
147                 local_save_flags(flags);
148                 trace_function(tr, ip, parent_ip, flags, pc);
149         }
150         trace_clear_recursion(bit);
151
152  out:
153         preempt_enable_notrace();
154 }
155
156 static void
157 function_stack_trace_call(unsigned long ip, unsigned long parent_ip,
158                           struct ftrace_ops *op, struct pt_regs *pt_regs)
159 {
160         struct trace_array *tr = op->private;
161         struct trace_array_cpu *data;
162         unsigned long flags;
163         long disabled;
164         int cpu;
165         int pc;
166
167         if (unlikely(!tr->function_enabled))
168                 return;
169
170         /*
171          * Need to use raw, since this must be called before the
172          * recursive protection is performed.
173          */
174         local_irq_save(flags);
175         cpu = raw_smp_processor_id();
176         data = per_cpu_ptr(tr->trace_buffer.data, cpu);
177         disabled = atomic_inc_return(&data->disabled);
178
179         if (likely(disabled == 1)) {
180                 pc = preempt_count();
181                 trace_function(tr, ip, parent_ip, flags, pc);
182                 /*
183                  * skip over 5 funcs:
184                  *    __ftrace_trace_stack,
185                  *    __trace_stack,
186                  *    function_stack_trace_call
187                  *    ftrace_list_func
188                  *    ftrace_call
189                  */
190                 __trace_stack(tr, flags, 5, pc);
191         }
192
193         atomic_dec(&data->disabled);
194         local_irq_restore(flags);
195 }
196
197 static struct tracer_opt func_opts[] = {
198 #ifdef CONFIG_STACKTRACE
199         { TRACER_OPT(func_stack_trace, TRACE_FUNC_OPT_STACK) },
200 #endif
201         { } /* Always set a last empty entry */
202 };
203
204 static struct tracer_flags func_flags = {
205         .val = 0, /* By default: all flags disabled */
206         .opts = func_opts
207 };
208
209 static void tracing_start_function_trace(struct trace_array *tr)
210 {
211         tr->function_enabled = 0;
212         register_ftrace_function(tr->ops);
213         tr->function_enabled = 1;
214 }
215
216 static void tracing_stop_function_trace(struct trace_array *tr)
217 {
218         tr->function_enabled = 0;
219         unregister_ftrace_function(tr->ops);
220 }
221
222 static struct tracer function_trace;
223
224 static int
225 func_set_flag(struct trace_array *tr, u32 old_flags, u32 bit, int set)
226 {
227         switch (bit) {
228         case TRACE_FUNC_OPT_STACK:
229                 /* do nothing if already set */
230                 if (!!set == !!(func_flags.val & TRACE_FUNC_OPT_STACK))
231                         break;
232
233                 /* We can change this flag when not running. */
234                 if (tr->current_trace != &function_trace)
235                         break;
236
237                 unregister_ftrace_function(tr->ops);
238
239                 if (set) {
240                         tr->ops->func = function_stack_trace_call;
241                         register_ftrace_function(tr->ops);
242                 } else {
243                         tr->ops->func = function_trace_call;
244                         register_ftrace_function(tr->ops);
245                 }
246
247                 break;
248         default:
249                 return -EINVAL;
250         }
251
252         return 0;
253 }
254
255 static struct tracer function_trace __tracer_data =
256 {
257         .name           = "function",
258         .init           = function_trace_init,
259         .reset          = function_trace_reset,
260         .start          = function_trace_start,
261         .flags          = &func_flags,
262         .set_flag       = func_set_flag,
263         .allow_instances = true,
264 #ifdef CONFIG_FTRACE_SELFTEST
265         .selftest       = trace_selftest_startup_function,
266 #endif
267 };
268
269 #ifdef CONFIG_DYNAMIC_FTRACE
270 static void update_traceon_count(struct ftrace_probe_ops *ops,
271                                  unsigned long ip,
272                                  struct trace_array *tr, bool on,
273                                  void *data)
274 {
275         struct ftrace_func_mapper *mapper = data;
276         long *count;
277         long old_count;
278
279         /*
280          * Tracing gets disabled (or enabled) once per count.
281          * This function can be called at the same time on multiple CPUs.
282          * It is fine if both disable (or enable) tracing, as disabling
283          * (or enabling) the second time doesn't do anything as the
284          * state of the tracer is already disabled (or enabled).
285          * What needs to be synchronized in this case is that the count
286          * only gets decremented once, even if the tracer is disabled
287          * (or enabled) twice, as the second one is really a nop.
288          *
289          * The memory barriers guarantee that we only decrement the
290          * counter once. First the count is read to a local variable
291          * and a read barrier is used to make sure that it is loaded
292          * before checking if the tracer is in the state we want.
293          * If the tracer is not in the state we want, then the count
294          * is guaranteed to be the old count.
295          *
296          * Next the tracer is set to the state we want (disabled or enabled)
297          * then a write memory barrier is used to make sure that
298          * the new state is visible before changing the counter by
299          * one minus the old counter. This guarantees that another CPU
300          * executing this code will see the new state before seeing
301          * the new counter value, and would not do anything if the new
302          * counter is seen.
303          *
304          * Note, there is no synchronization between this and a user
305          * setting the tracing_on file. But we currently don't care
306          * about that.
307          */
308         count = (long *)ftrace_func_mapper_find_ip(mapper, ip);
309         old_count = *count;
310
311         if (old_count <= 0)
312                 return;
313
314         /* Make sure we see count before checking tracing state */
315         smp_rmb();
316
317         if (on == !!tracer_tracing_is_on(tr))
318                 return;
319
320         if (on)
321                 tracer_tracing_on(tr);
322         else
323                 tracer_tracing_off(tr);
324
325         /* Make sure tracing state is visible before updating count */
326         smp_wmb();
327
328         *count = old_count - 1;
329 }
330
331 static void
332 ftrace_traceon_count(unsigned long ip, unsigned long parent_ip,
333                      struct trace_array *tr, struct ftrace_probe_ops *ops,
334                      void *data)
335 {
336         update_traceon_count(ops, ip, tr, 1, data);
337 }
338
339 static void
340 ftrace_traceoff_count(unsigned long ip, unsigned long parent_ip,
341                       struct trace_array *tr, struct ftrace_probe_ops *ops,
342                       void *data)
343 {
344         update_traceon_count(ops, ip, tr, 0, data);
345 }
346
347 static void
348 ftrace_traceon(unsigned long ip, unsigned long parent_ip,
349                struct trace_array *tr, struct ftrace_probe_ops *ops,
350                void *data)
351 {
352         if (tracer_tracing_is_on(tr))
353                 return;
354
355         tracer_tracing_on(tr);
356 }
357
358 static void
359 ftrace_traceoff(unsigned long ip, unsigned long parent_ip,
360                 struct trace_array *tr, struct ftrace_probe_ops *ops,
361                 void *data)
362 {
363         if (!tracer_tracing_is_on(tr))
364                 return;
365
366         tracer_tracing_off(tr);
367 }
368
369 /*
370  * Skip 4:
371  *   ftrace_stacktrace()
372  *   function_trace_probe_call()
373  *   ftrace_ops_list_func()
374  *   ftrace_call()
375  */
376 #define STACK_SKIP 4
377
378 static __always_inline void trace_stack(struct trace_array *tr)
379 {
380         unsigned long flags;
381         int pc;
382
383         local_save_flags(flags);
384         pc = preempt_count();
385
386         __trace_stack(tr, flags, STACK_SKIP, pc);
387 }
388
389 static void
390 ftrace_stacktrace(unsigned long ip, unsigned long parent_ip,
391                   struct trace_array *tr, struct ftrace_probe_ops *ops,
392                   void *data)
393 {
394         trace_stack(tr);
395 }
396
397 static void
398 ftrace_stacktrace_count(unsigned long ip, unsigned long parent_ip,
399                         struct trace_array *tr, struct ftrace_probe_ops *ops,
400                         void *data)
401 {
402         struct ftrace_func_mapper *mapper = data;
403         long *count;
404         long old_count;
405         long new_count;
406
407         if (!tracing_is_on())
408                 return;
409
410         /* unlimited? */
411         if (!mapper) {
412                 trace_stack(tr);
413                 return;
414         }
415
416         count = (long *)ftrace_func_mapper_find_ip(mapper, ip);
417
418         /*
419          * Stack traces should only execute the number of times the
420          * user specified in the counter.
421          */
422         do {
423                 old_count = *count;
424
425                 if (!old_count)
426                         return;
427
428                 new_count = old_count - 1;
429                 new_count = cmpxchg(count, old_count, new_count);
430                 if (new_count == old_count)
431                         trace_stack(tr);
432
433                 if (!tracing_is_on())
434                         return;
435
436         } while (new_count != old_count);
437 }
438
439 static int update_count(struct ftrace_probe_ops *ops, unsigned long ip,
440                         void *data)
441 {
442         struct ftrace_func_mapper *mapper = data;
443         long *count = NULL;
444
445         if (mapper)
446                 count = (long *)ftrace_func_mapper_find_ip(mapper, ip);
447
448         if (count) {
449                 if (*count <= 0)
450                         return 0;
451                 (*count)--;
452         }
453
454         return 1;
455 }
456
457 static void
458 ftrace_dump_probe(unsigned long ip, unsigned long parent_ip,
459                   struct trace_array *tr, struct ftrace_probe_ops *ops,
460                   void *data)
461 {
462         if (update_count(ops, ip, data))
463                 ftrace_dump(DUMP_ALL);
464 }
465
466 /* Only dump the current CPU buffer. */
467 static void
468 ftrace_cpudump_probe(unsigned long ip, unsigned long parent_ip,
469                      struct trace_array *tr, struct ftrace_probe_ops *ops,
470                      void *data)
471 {
472         if (update_count(ops, ip, data))
473                 ftrace_dump(DUMP_ORIG);
474 }
475
476 static int
477 ftrace_probe_print(const char *name, struct seq_file *m,
478                    unsigned long ip, struct ftrace_probe_ops *ops,
479                    void *data)
480 {
481         struct ftrace_func_mapper *mapper = data;
482         long *count = NULL;
483
484         seq_printf(m, "%ps:%s", (void *)ip, name);
485
486         if (mapper)
487                 count = (long *)ftrace_func_mapper_find_ip(mapper, ip);
488
489         if (count)
490                 seq_printf(m, ":count=%ld\n", *count);
491         else
492                 seq_puts(m, ":unlimited\n");
493
494         return 0;
495 }
496
497 static int
498 ftrace_traceon_print(struct seq_file *m, unsigned long ip,
499                      struct ftrace_probe_ops *ops,
500                      void *data)
501 {
502         return ftrace_probe_print("traceon", m, ip, ops, data);
503 }
504
505 static int
506 ftrace_traceoff_print(struct seq_file *m, unsigned long ip,
507                          struct ftrace_probe_ops *ops, void *data)
508 {
509         return ftrace_probe_print("traceoff", m, ip, ops, data);
510 }
511
512 static int
513 ftrace_stacktrace_print(struct seq_file *m, unsigned long ip,
514                         struct ftrace_probe_ops *ops, void *data)
515 {
516         return ftrace_probe_print("stacktrace", m, ip, ops, data);
517 }
518
519 static int
520 ftrace_dump_print(struct seq_file *m, unsigned long ip,
521                         struct ftrace_probe_ops *ops, void *data)
522 {
523         return ftrace_probe_print("dump", m, ip, ops, data);
524 }
525
526 static int
527 ftrace_cpudump_print(struct seq_file *m, unsigned long ip,
528                         struct ftrace_probe_ops *ops, void *data)
529 {
530         return ftrace_probe_print("cpudump", m, ip, ops, data);
531 }
532
533
534 static int
535 ftrace_count_init(struct ftrace_probe_ops *ops, struct trace_array *tr,
536                   unsigned long ip, void *init_data, void **data)
537 {
538         struct ftrace_func_mapper *mapper = *data;
539
540         if (!mapper) {
541                 mapper = allocate_ftrace_func_mapper();
542                 if (!mapper)
543                         return -ENOMEM;
544                 *data = mapper;
545         }
546
547         return ftrace_func_mapper_add_ip(mapper, ip, init_data);
548 }
549
550 static void
551 ftrace_count_free(struct ftrace_probe_ops *ops, struct trace_array *tr,
552                   unsigned long ip, void *data)
553 {
554         struct ftrace_func_mapper *mapper = data;
555
556         if (!ip) {
557                 free_ftrace_func_mapper(mapper, NULL);
558                 return;
559         }
560
561         ftrace_func_mapper_remove_ip(mapper, ip);
562 }
563
564 static struct ftrace_probe_ops traceon_count_probe_ops = {
565         .func                   = ftrace_traceon_count,
566         .print                  = ftrace_traceon_print,
567         .init                   = ftrace_count_init,
568         .free                   = ftrace_count_free,
569 };
570
571 static struct ftrace_probe_ops traceoff_count_probe_ops = {
572         .func                   = ftrace_traceoff_count,
573         .print                  = ftrace_traceoff_print,
574         .init                   = ftrace_count_init,
575         .free                   = ftrace_count_free,
576 };
577
578 static struct ftrace_probe_ops stacktrace_count_probe_ops = {
579         .func                   = ftrace_stacktrace_count,
580         .print                  = ftrace_stacktrace_print,
581         .init                   = ftrace_count_init,
582         .free                   = ftrace_count_free,
583 };
584
585 static struct ftrace_probe_ops dump_probe_ops = {
586         .func                   = ftrace_dump_probe,
587         .print                  = ftrace_dump_print,
588         .init                   = ftrace_count_init,
589         .free                   = ftrace_count_free,
590 };
591
592 static struct ftrace_probe_ops cpudump_probe_ops = {
593         .func                   = ftrace_cpudump_probe,
594         .print                  = ftrace_cpudump_print,
595 };
596
597 static struct ftrace_probe_ops traceon_probe_ops = {
598         .func                   = ftrace_traceon,
599         .print                  = ftrace_traceon_print,
600 };
601
602 static struct ftrace_probe_ops traceoff_probe_ops = {
603         .func                   = ftrace_traceoff,
604         .print                  = ftrace_traceoff_print,
605 };
606
607 static struct ftrace_probe_ops stacktrace_probe_ops = {
608         .func                   = ftrace_stacktrace,
609         .print                  = ftrace_stacktrace_print,
610 };
611
612 static int
613 ftrace_trace_probe_callback(struct trace_array *tr,
614                             struct ftrace_probe_ops *ops,
615                             struct ftrace_hash *hash, char *glob,
616                             char *cmd, char *param, int enable)
617 {
618         void *count = (void *)-1;
619         char *number;
620         int ret;
621
622         /* hash funcs only work with set_ftrace_filter */
623         if (!enable)
624                 return -EINVAL;
625
626         if (glob[0] == '!')
627                 return unregister_ftrace_function_probe_func(glob+1, tr, ops);
628
629         if (!param)
630                 goto out_reg;
631
632         number = strsep(&param, ":");
633
634         if (!strlen(number))
635                 goto out_reg;
636
637         /*
638          * We use the callback data field (which is a pointer)
639          * as our counter.
640          */
641         ret = kstrtoul(number, 0, (unsigned long *)&count);
642         if (ret)
643                 return ret;
644
645  out_reg:
646         ret = register_ftrace_function_probe(glob, tr, ops, count);
647
648         return ret < 0 ? ret : 0;
649 }
650
651 static int
652 ftrace_trace_onoff_callback(struct trace_array *tr, struct ftrace_hash *hash,
653                             char *glob, char *cmd, char *param, int enable)
654 {
655         struct ftrace_probe_ops *ops;
656
657         /* we register both traceon and traceoff to this callback */
658         if (strcmp(cmd, "traceon") == 0)
659                 ops = param ? &traceon_count_probe_ops : &traceon_probe_ops;
660         else
661                 ops = param ? &traceoff_count_probe_ops : &traceoff_probe_ops;
662
663         return ftrace_trace_probe_callback(tr, ops, hash, glob, cmd,
664                                            param, enable);
665 }
666
667 static int
668 ftrace_stacktrace_callback(struct trace_array *tr, struct ftrace_hash *hash,
669                            char *glob, char *cmd, char *param, int enable)
670 {
671         struct ftrace_probe_ops *ops;
672
673         ops = param ? &stacktrace_count_probe_ops : &stacktrace_probe_ops;
674
675         return ftrace_trace_probe_callback(tr, ops, hash, glob, cmd,
676                                            param, enable);
677 }
678
679 static int
680 ftrace_dump_callback(struct trace_array *tr, struct ftrace_hash *hash,
681                            char *glob, char *cmd, char *param, int enable)
682 {
683         struct ftrace_probe_ops *ops;
684
685         ops = &dump_probe_ops;
686
687         /* Only dump once. */
688         return ftrace_trace_probe_callback(tr, ops, hash, glob, cmd,
689                                            "1", enable);
690 }
691
692 static int
693 ftrace_cpudump_callback(struct trace_array *tr, struct ftrace_hash *hash,
694                            char *glob, char *cmd, char *param, int enable)
695 {
696         struct ftrace_probe_ops *ops;
697
698         ops = &cpudump_probe_ops;
699
700         /* Only dump once. */
701         return ftrace_trace_probe_callback(tr, ops, hash, glob, cmd,
702                                            "1", enable);
703 }
704
705 static struct ftrace_func_command ftrace_traceon_cmd = {
706         .name                   = "traceon",
707         .func                   = ftrace_trace_onoff_callback,
708 };
709
710 static struct ftrace_func_command ftrace_traceoff_cmd = {
711         .name                   = "traceoff",
712         .func                   = ftrace_trace_onoff_callback,
713 };
714
715 static struct ftrace_func_command ftrace_stacktrace_cmd = {
716         .name                   = "stacktrace",
717         .func                   = ftrace_stacktrace_callback,
718 };
719
720 static struct ftrace_func_command ftrace_dump_cmd = {
721         .name                   = "dump",
722         .func                   = ftrace_dump_callback,
723 };
724
725 static struct ftrace_func_command ftrace_cpudump_cmd = {
726         .name                   = "cpudump",
727         .func                   = ftrace_cpudump_callback,
728 };
729
730 static int __init init_func_cmd_traceon(void)
731 {
732         int ret;
733
734         ret = register_ftrace_command(&ftrace_traceoff_cmd);
735         if (ret)
736                 return ret;
737
738         ret = register_ftrace_command(&ftrace_traceon_cmd);
739         if (ret)
740                 goto out_free_traceoff;
741
742         ret = register_ftrace_command(&ftrace_stacktrace_cmd);
743         if (ret)
744                 goto out_free_traceon;
745
746         ret = register_ftrace_command(&ftrace_dump_cmd);
747         if (ret)
748                 goto out_free_stacktrace;
749
750         ret = register_ftrace_command(&ftrace_cpudump_cmd);
751         if (ret)
752                 goto out_free_dump;
753
754         return 0;
755
756  out_free_dump:
757         unregister_ftrace_command(&ftrace_dump_cmd);
758  out_free_stacktrace:
759         unregister_ftrace_command(&ftrace_stacktrace_cmd);
760  out_free_traceon:
761         unregister_ftrace_command(&ftrace_traceon_cmd);
762  out_free_traceoff:
763         unregister_ftrace_command(&ftrace_traceoff_cmd);
764
765         return ret;
766 }
767 #else
768 static inline int init_func_cmd_traceon(void)
769 {
770         return 0;
771 }
772 #endif /* CONFIG_DYNAMIC_FTRACE */
773
774 __init int init_function_trace(void)
775 {
776         init_func_cmd_traceon();
777         return register_tracer(&function_trace);
778 }