mm/backing-dev.c

   1
   2 #include <linux/wait.h>
   3 #include <linux/backing-dev.h>
   4 #include <linux/kthread.h>
   5 #include <linux/freezer.h>
   6 #include <linux/fs.h>
   7 #include <linux/pagemap.h>
   8 #include <linux/mm.h>
   9 #include <linux/sched.h>
  10 #include <linux/module.h>
  11 #include <linux/writeback.h>
  12 #include <linux/device.h>
  13 #include <trace/events/writeback.h>
  14
  15 static atomic_long_t bdi_seq = ATOMIC_LONG_INIT(0);
  16
  17 struct backing_dev_info noop_backing_dev_info = {
  18         .name           = "noop",
  19         .capabilities   = BDI_CAP_NO_ACCT_AND_WRITEBACK,
  20 };
  21 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(noop_backing_dev_info);
  22
  23 static struct class *bdi_class;
  24
  25 /*
  26  * bdi_lock protects updates to bdi_list. bdi_list has RCU reader side
  27  * locking.
  28  */
  29 DEFINE_SPINLOCK(bdi_lock);
  30 LIST_HEAD(bdi_list);
  31
  32 /* bdi_wq serves all asynchronous writeback tasks */
  33 struct workqueue_struct *bdi_wq;
  34
  35 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_FS
  36 #include <linux/debugfs.h>
  37 #include <linux/seq_file.h>
  38
  39 static struct dentry *bdi_debug_root;
  40
  41 static void bdi_debug_init(void)
  42 {
  43         bdi_debug_root = debugfs_create_dir("bdi", NULL);
  44 }
  45
  46 static int bdi_debug_stats_show(struct seq_file *m, void *v)
  47 {
  48         struct backing_dev_info *bdi = m->private;
  49         struct bdi_writeback *wb = &bdi->wb;
  50         unsigned long background_thresh;
  51         unsigned long dirty_thresh;
  52         unsigned long wb_thresh;
  53         unsigned long nr_dirty, nr_io, nr_more_io, nr_dirty_time;
  54         struct inode *inode;
  55
  56         nr_dirty = nr_io = nr_more_io = nr_dirty_time = 0;
  57         spin_lock(&wb->list_lock);
  58         list_for_each_entry(inode, &wb->b_dirty, i_io_list)
  59                 nr_dirty++;
  60         list_for_each_entry(inode, &wb->b_io, i_io_list)
  61                 nr_io++;
  62         list_for_each_entry(inode, &wb->b_more_io, i_io_list)
  63                 nr_more_io++;
  64         list_for_each_entry(inode, &wb->b_dirty_time, i_io_list)
  65                 if (inode->i_state & I_DIRTY_TIME)
  66                         nr_dirty_time++;
  67         spin_unlock(&wb->list_lock);
  68
  69         global_dirty_limits(&background_thresh, &dirty_thresh);
  70         wb_thresh = wb_calc_thresh(wb, dirty_thresh);
  71
  72 #define K(x) ((x) << (PAGE_SHIFT - 10))
  73         seq_printf(m,
  74                    "BdiWriteback:       %10lu kB\n"
  75                    "BdiReclaimable:     %10lu kB\n"
  76                    "BdiDirtyThresh:     %10lu kB\n"
  77                    "DirtyThresh:        %10lu kB\n"
  78                    "BackgroundThresh:   %10lu kB\n"
  79                    "BdiDirtied:         %10lu kB\n"
  80                    "BdiWritten:         %10lu kB\n"
  81                    "BdiWriteBandwidth:  %10lu kBps\n"
  82                    "b_dirty:            %10lu\n"
  83                    "b_io:               %10lu\n"
  84                    "b_more_io:          %10lu\n"
  85                    "b_dirty_time:       %10lu\n"
  86                    "bdi_list:           %10u\n"
  87                    "state:              %10lx\n",
  88                    (unsigned long) K(wb_stat(wb, WB_WRITEBACK)),
  89                    (unsigned long) K(wb_stat(wb, WB_RECLAIMABLE)),
  90                    K(wb_thresh),
  91                    K(dirty_thresh),
  92                    K(background_thresh),
  93                    (unsigned long) K(wb_stat(wb, WB_DIRTIED)),
  94                    (unsigned long) K(wb_stat(wb, WB_WRITTEN)),
  95                    (unsigned long) K(wb->write_bandwidth),
  96                    nr_dirty,
  97                    nr_io,
  98                    nr_more_io,
  99                    nr_dirty_time,
 100                    !list_empty(&bdi->bdi_list), bdi->wb.state);
 101 #undef K
 102
 103         return 0;
 104 }
 105
 106 static int bdi_debug_stats_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 107 {
 108         return single_open(file, bdi_debug_stats_show, inode->i_private);
 109 }
 110
 111 static const struct file_operations bdi_debug_stats_fops = {
 112         .open           = bdi_debug_stats_open,
 113         .read           = seq_read,
 114         .llseek         = seq_lseek,
 115         .release        = single_release,
 116 };
 117
 118 static void bdi_debug_register(struct backing_dev_info *bdi, const char *name)
 119 {
 120         bdi->debug_dir = debugfs_create_dir(name, bdi_debug_root);
 121         bdi->debug_stats = debugfs_create_file("stats", 0444, bdi->debug_dir,
 122                                                bdi, &bdi_debug_stats_fops);
 123 }
 124
 125 static void bdi_debug_unregister(struct backing_dev_info *bdi)
 126 {
 127         debugfs_remove(bdi->debug_stats);
 128         debugfs_remove(bdi->debug_dir);
 129 }
 130 #else
 131 static inline void bdi_debug_init(void)
 132 {
 133 }
 134 static inline void bdi_debug_register(struct backing_dev_info *bdi,
 135                                       const char *name)
 136 {
 137 }
 138 static inline void bdi_debug_unregister(struct backing_dev_info *bdi)
 139 {
 140 }
 141 #endif
 142
 143 static ssize_t read_ahead_kb_store(struct device *dev,
 144                                   struct device_attribute *attr,
 145                                   const char *buf, size_t count)
 146 {
 147         struct backing_dev_info *bdi = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
 148         unsigned long read_ahead_kb;
 149         ssize_t ret;
 150
 151         ret = kstrtoul(buf, 10, &read_ahead_kb);
 152         if (ret < 0)
 153                 return ret;
 154
 155         bdi->ra_pages = read_ahead_kb >> (PAGE_SHIFT - 10);
 156
 157         return count;
 158 }
 159
 160 #define K(pages) ((pages) << (PAGE_SHIFT - 10))
 161
 162 #define BDI_SHOW(name, expr)                                            \
 163 static ssize_t name##_show(struct device *dev,                          \
 164                            struct device_attribute *attr, char *page)   \
 165 {                                                                       \
 166         struct backing_dev_info *bdi = dev_get_drvdata(dev);            \
 167                                                                         \
 168         return snprintf(page, PAGE_SIZE-1, "%lld\n", (long long)expr);  \
 169 }                                                                       \
 170 static DEVICE_ATTR_RW(name);
 171
 172 BDI_SHOW(read_ahead_kb, K(bdi->ra_pages))
 173
 174 static ssize_t min_ratio_store(struct device *dev,
 175                 struct device_attribute *attr, const char *buf, size_t count)
 176 {
 177         struct backing_dev_info *bdi = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
 178         unsigned int ratio;
 179         ssize_t ret;
 180
 181         ret = kstrtouint(buf, 10, &ratio);
 182         if (ret < 0)
 183                 return ret;
 184
 185         ret = bdi_set_min_ratio(bdi, ratio);
 186         if (!ret)
 187                 ret = count;
 188
 189         return ret;
 190 }
 191 BDI_SHOW(min_ratio, bdi->min_ratio)
 192
 193 static ssize_t max_ratio_store(struct device *dev,
 194                 struct device_attribute *attr, const char *buf, size_t count)
 195 {
 196         struct backing_dev_info *bdi = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
 197         unsigned int ratio;
 198         ssize_t ret;
 199
 200         ret = kstrtouint(buf, 10, &ratio);
 201         if (ret < 0)
 202                 return ret;
 203
 204         ret = bdi_set_max_ratio(bdi, ratio);
 205         if (!ret)
 206                 ret = count;
 207
 208         return ret;
 209 }
 210 BDI_SHOW(max_ratio, bdi->max_ratio)
 211
 212 static ssize_t stable_pages_required_show(struct device *dev,
 213                                           struct device_attribute *attr,
 214                                           char *page)
 215 {
 216         struct backing_dev_info *bdi = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
 217
 218         return snprintf(page, PAGE_SIZE-1, "%d\n",
 219                         bdi_cap_stable_pages_required(bdi) ? 1 : 0);
 220 }
 221 static DEVICE_ATTR_RO(stable_pages_required);
 222
 223 static struct attribute *bdi_dev_attrs[] = {
 224         &dev_attr_read_ahead_kb.attr,
 225         &dev_attr_min_ratio.attr,
 226         &dev_attr_max_ratio.attr,
 227         &dev_attr_stable_pages_required.attr,
 228         NULL,
 229 };
 230 ATTRIBUTE_GROUPS(bdi_dev);
 231
 232 static __init int bdi_class_init(void)
 233 {
 234         bdi_class = class_create(THIS_MODULE, "bdi");
 235         if (IS_ERR(bdi_class))
 236                 return PTR_ERR(bdi_class);
 237
 238         bdi_class->dev_groups = bdi_dev_groups;
 239         bdi_debug_init();
 240         return 0;
 241 }
 242 postcore_initcall(bdi_class_init);
 243
 244 static int __init default_bdi_init(void)
 245 {
 246         int err;
 247
 248         bdi_wq = alloc_workqueue("writeback", WQ_MEM_RECLAIM | WQ_FREEZABLE |
 249                                               WQ_UNBOUND | WQ_SYSFS, 0);
 250         if (!bdi_wq)
 251                 return -ENOMEM;
 252
 253         err = bdi_init(&noop_backing_dev_info);
 254
 255         return err;
 256 }
 257 subsys_initcall(default_bdi_init);
 258
 259 /*
 260  * This function is used when the first inode for this wb is marked dirty. It
 261  * wakes-up the corresponding bdi thread which should then take care of the
 262  * periodic background write-out of dirty inodes. Since the write-out would
 263  * starts only 'dirty_writeback_interval' centisecs from now anyway, we just
 264  * set up a timer which wakes the bdi thread up later.
 265  *
 266  * Note, we wouldn't bother setting up the timer, but this function is on the
 267  * fast-path (used by '__mark_inode_dirty()'), so we save few context switches
 268  * by delaying the wake-up.
 269  *
 270  * We have to be careful not to postpone flush work if it is scheduled for
 271  * earlier. Thus we use queue_delayed_work().
 272  */
 273 void wb_wakeup_delayed(struct bdi_writeback *wb)
 274 {
 275         unsigned long timeout;
 276
 277         timeout = msecs_to_jiffies(dirty_writeback_interval * 10);
 278         spin_lock_bh(&wb->work_lock);
 279         if (test_bit(WB_registered, &wb->state))
 280                 queue_delayed_work(bdi_wq, &wb->dwork, timeout);
 281         spin_unlock_bh(&wb->work_lock);
 282 }
 283
 284 /*
 285  * Initial write bandwidth: 100 MB/s
 286  */
 287 #define INIT_BW         (100 << (20 - PAGE_SHIFT))
 288
 289 static int wb_init(struct bdi_writeback *wb, struct backing_dev_info *bdi,
 290                    int blkcg_id, gfp_t gfp)
 291 {
 292         int i, err;
 293
 294         memset(wb, 0, sizeof(*wb));
 295
 296         wb->bdi = bdi;
 297         wb->last_old_flush = jiffies;
 298         INIT_LIST_HEAD(&wb->b_dirty);
 299         INIT_LIST_HEAD(&wb->b_io);
 300         INIT_LIST_HEAD(&wb->b_more_io);
 301         INIT_LIST_HEAD(&wb->b_dirty_time);
 302         spin_lock_init(&wb->list_lock);
 303
 304         wb->bw_time_stamp = jiffies;
 305         wb->balanced_dirty_ratelimit = INIT_BW;
 306         wb->dirty_ratelimit = INIT_BW;
 307         wb->write_bandwidth = INIT_BW;
 308         wb->avg_write_bandwidth = INIT_BW;
 309
 310         spin_lock_init(&wb->work_lock);
 311         INIT_LIST_HEAD(&wb->work_list);
 312         INIT_DELAYED_WORK(&wb->dwork, wb_workfn);
 313
 314         wb->congested = wb_congested_get_create(bdi, blkcg_id, gfp);
 315         if (!wb->congested)
 316                 return -ENOMEM;
 317
 318         err = fprop_local_init_percpu(&wb->completions, gfp);
 319         if (err)
 320                 goto out_put_cong;
 321
 322         for (i = 0; i < NR_WB_STAT_ITEMS; i++) {
 323                 err = percpu_counter_init(&wb->stat[i], 0, gfp);
 324                 if (err)
 325                         goto out_destroy_stat;
 326         }
 327
 328         return 0;
 329
 330 out_destroy_stat:
 331         while (--i)
 332                 percpu_counter_destroy(&wb->stat[i]);
 333         fprop_local_destroy_percpu(&wb->completions);
 334 out_put_cong:
 335         wb_congested_put(wb->congested);
 336         return err;
 337 }
 338
 339 /*
 340  * Remove bdi from the global list and shutdown any threads we have running
 341  */
 342 static void wb_shutdown(struct bdi_writeback *wb)
 343 {
 344         /* Make sure nobody queues further work */
 345         spin_lock_bh(&wb->work_lock);
 346         if (!test_and_clear_bit(WB_registered, &wb->state)) {
 347                 spin_unlock_bh(&wb->work_lock);
 348                 return;
 349         }
 350         spin_unlock_bh(&wb->work_lock);
 351
 352         /*
 353          * Drain work list and shutdown the delayed_work.  !WB_registered
 354          * tells wb_workfn() that @wb is dying and its work_list needs to
 355          * be drained no matter what.
 356          */
 357         mod_delayed_work(bdi_wq, &wb->dwork, 0);
 358         flush_delayed_work(&wb->dwork);
 359         WARN_ON(!list_empty(&wb->work_list));
 360 }
 361
 362 static void wb_exit(struct bdi_writeback *wb)
 363 {
 364         int i;
 365
 366         WARN_ON(delayed_work_pending(&wb->dwork));
 367
 368         for (i = 0; i < NR_WB_STAT_ITEMS; i++)
 369                 percpu_counter_destroy(&wb->stat[i]);
 370
 371         fprop_local_destroy_percpu(&wb->completions);
 372         wb_congested_put(wb->congested);
 373 }
 374
 375 #ifdef CONFIG_CGROUP_WRITEBACK
 376
 377 #include <linux/memcontrol.h>
 378
 379 /*
 380  * cgwb_lock protects bdi->cgwb_tree, bdi->cgwb_congested_tree,
 381  * blkcg->cgwb_list, and memcg->cgwb_list.  bdi->cgwb_tree is also RCU
 382  * protected.  cgwb_release_wait is used to wait for the completion of cgwb
 383  * releases from bdi destruction path.
 384  */
 385 static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(cgwb_lock);
 386 static DECLARE_WAIT_QUEUE_HEAD(cgwb_release_wait);
 387
 388 /**
 389  * wb_congested_get_create - get or create a wb_congested
 390  * @bdi: associated bdi
 391  * @blkcg_id: ID of the associated blkcg
 392  * @gfp: allocation mask
 393  *
 394  * Look up the wb_congested for @blkcg_id on @bdi.  If missing, create one.
 395  * The returned wb_congested has its reference count incremented.  Returns
 396  * NULL on failure.
 397  */
 398 struct bdi_writeback_congested *
 399 wb_congested_get_create(struct backing_dev_info *bdi, int blkcg_id, gfp_t gfp)
 400 {
 401         struct bdi_writeback_congested *new_congested = NULL, *congested;
 402         struct rb_node **node, *parent;
 403         unsigned long flags;
 404 retry:
 405         spin_lock_irqsave(&cgwb_lock, flags);
 406
 407         node = &bdi->cgwb_congested_tree.rb_node;
 408         parent = NULL;
 409
 410         while (*node != NULL) {
 411                 parent = *node;
 412                 congested = container_of(parent, struct bdi_writeback_congested,
 413                                          rb_node);
 414                 if (congested->blkcg_id < blkcg_id)
 415                         node = &parent->rb_left;
 416                 else if (congested->blkcg_id > blkcg_id)
 417                         node = &parent->rb_right;
 418                 else
 419                         goto found;
 420         }
 421
 422         if (new_congested) {
 423                 /* !found and storage for new one already allocated, insert */
 424                 congested = new_congested;
 425                 new_congested = NULL;
 426                 rb_link_node(&congested->rb_node, parent, node);
 427                 rb_insert_color(&congested->rb_node, &bdi->cgwb_congested_tree);
 428                 goto found;
 429         }
 430
 431         spin_unlock_irqrestore(&cgwb_lock, flags);
 432
 433         /* allocate storage for new one and retry */
 434         new_congested = kzalloc(sizeof(*new_congested), gfp);
 435         if (!new_congested)
 436                 return NULL;
 437
 438         atomic_set(&new_congested->refcnt, 0);
 439         new_congested->bdi = bdi;
 440         new_congested->blkcg_id = blkcg_id;
 441         goto retry;
 442
 443 found:
 444         atomic_inc(&congested->refcnt);
 445         spin_unlock_irqrestore(&cgwb_lock, flags);
 446         kfree(new_congested);
 447         return congested;
 448 }
 449
 450 /**
 451  * wb_congested_put - put a wb_congested
 452  * @congested: wb_congested to put
 453  *
 454  * Put @congested and destroy it if the refcnt reaches zero.
 455  */
 456 void wb_congested_put(struct bdi_writeback_congested *congested)
 457 {
 458         unsigned long flags;
 459
 460         local_irq_save(flags);
 461         if (!atomic_dec_and_lock(&congested->refcnt, &cgwb_lock)) {
 462                 local_irq_restore(flags);
 463                 return;
 464         }
 465
 466         /* bdi might already have been destroyed leaving @congested unlinked */
 467         if (congested->bdi) {
 468                 rb_erase(&congested->rb_node,
 469                          &congested->bdi->cgwb_congested_tree);
 470                 congested->bdi = NULL;
 471         }
 472
 473         spin_unlock_irqrestore(&cgwb_lock, flags);
 474         kfree(congested);
 475 }
 476
 477 static void cgwb_release_workfn(struct work_struct *work)
 478 {
 479         struct bdi_writeback *wb = container_of(work, struct bdi_writeback,
 480                                                 release_work);
 481         struct backing_dev_info *bdi = wb->bdi;
 482
 483         spin_lock_irq(&cgwb_lock);
 484         list_del_rcu(&wb->bdi_node);
 485         spin_unlock_irq(&cgwb_lock);
 486
 487         wb_shutdown(wb);
 488
 489         css_put(wb->memcg_css);
 490         css_put(wb->blkcg_css);
 491
 492         fprop_local_destroy_percpu(&wb->memcg_completions);
 493         percpu_ref_exit(&wb->refcnt);
 494         wb_exit(wb);
 495         kfree_rcu(wb, rcu);
 496
 497         if (atomic_dec_and_test(&bdi->usage_cnt))
 498                 wake_up_all(&cgwb_release_wait);
 499 }
 500
 501 static void cgwb_release(struct percpu_ref *refcnt)
 502 {
 503         struct bdi_writeback *wb = container_of(refcnt, struct bdi_writeback,
 504                                                 refcnt);
 505         schedule_work(&wb->release_work);
 506 }
 507
 508 static void cgwb_kill(struct bdi_writeback *wb)
 509 {
 510         lockdep_assert_held(&cgwb_lock);
 511
 512         WARN_ON(!radix_tree_delete(&wb->bdi->cgwb_tree, wb->memcg_css->id));
 513         list_del(&wb->memcg_node);
 514         list_del(&wb->blkcg_node);
 515         percpu_ref_kill(&wb->refcnt);
 516 }
 517
 518 static int cgwb_create(struct backing_dev_info *bdi,
 519                        struct cgroup_subsys_state *memcg_css, gfp_t gfp)
 520 {
 521         struct mem_cgroup *memcg;
 522         struct cgroup_subsys_state *blkcg_css;
 523         struct blkcg *blkcg;
 524         struct list_head *memcg_cgwb_list, *blkcg_cgwb_list;
 525         struct bdi_writeback *wb;
 526         unsigned long flags;
 527         int ret = 0;
 528
 529         memcg = mem_cgroup_from_css(memcg_css);
 530         blkcg_css = cgroup_get_e_css(memcg_css->cgroup, &io_cgrp_subsys);
 531         blkcg = css_to_blkcg(blkcg_css);
 532         memcg_cgwb_list = mem_cgroup_cgwb_list(memcg);
 533         blkcg_cgwb_list = &blkcg->cgwb_list;
 534
 535         /* look up again under lock and discard on blkcg mismatch */
 536         spin_lock_irqsave(&cgwb_lock, flags);
 537         wb = radix_tree_lookup(&bdi->cgwb_tree, memcg_css->id);
 538         if (wb && wb->blkcg_css != blkcg_css) {
 539                 cgwb_kill(wb);
 540                 wb = NULL;
 541         }
 542         spin_unlock_irqrestore(&cgwb_lock, flags);
 543         if (wb)
 544                 goto out_put;
 545
 546         /* need to create a new one */
 547         wb = kmalloc(sizeof(*wb), gfp);
 548         if (!wb)
 549                 return -ENOMEM;
 550
 551         ret = wb_init(wb, bdi, blkcg_css->id, gfp);
 552         if (ret)
 553                 goto err_free;
 554
 555         ret = percpu_ref_init(&wb->refcnt, cgwb_release, 0, gfp);
 556         if (ret)
 557                 goto err_wb_exit;
 558
 559         ret = fprop_local_init_percpu(&wb->memcg_completions, gfp);
 560         if (ret)
 561                 goto err_ref_exit;
 562
 563         wb->memcg_css = memcg_css;
 564         wb->blkcg_css = blkcg_css;
 565         INIT_WORK(&wb->release_work, cgwb_release_workfn);
 566         set_bit(WB_registered, &wb->state);
 567
 568         /*
 569          * The root wb determines the registered state of the whole bdi and
 570          * memcg_cgwb_list and blkcg_cgwb_list's next pointers indicate
 571          * whether they're still online.  Don't link @wb if any is dead.
 572          * See wb_memcg_offline() and wb_blkcg_offline().
 573          */
 574         ret = -ENODEV;
 575         spin_lock_irqsave(&cgwb_lock, flags);
 576         if (test_bit(WB_registered, &bdi->wb.state) &&
 577             blkcg_cgwb_list->next && memcg_cgwb_list->next) {
 578                 /* we might have raced another instance of this function */
 579                 ret = radix_tree_insert(&bdi->cgwb_tree, memcg_css->id, wb);
 580                 if (!ret) {
 581                         atomic_inc(&bdi->usage_cnt);
 582                         list_add_tail_rcu(&wb->bdi_node, &bdi->wb_list);
 583                         list_add(&wb->memcg_node, memcg_cgwb_list);
 584                         list_add(&wb->blkcg_node, blkcg_cgwb_list);
 585                         css_get(memcg_css);
 586                         css_get(blkcg_css);
 587                 }
 588         }
 589         spin_unlock_irqrestore(&cgwb_lock, flags);
 590         if (ret) {
 591                 if (ret == -EEXIST)
 592                         ret = 0;
 593                 goto err_fprop_exit;
 594         }
 595         goto out_put;
 596
 597 err_fprop_exit:
 598         fprop_local_destroy_percpu(&wb->memcg_completions);
 599 err_ref_exit:
 600         percpu_ref_exit(&wb->refcnt);
 601 err_wb_exit:
 602         wb_exit(wb);
 603 err_free:
 604         kfree(wb);
 605 out_put:
 606         css_put(blkcg_css);
 607         return ret;
 608 }
 609
 610 /**
 611  * wb_get_create - get wb for a given memcg, create if necessary
 612  * @bdi: target bdi
 613  * @memcg_css: cgroup_subsys_state of the target memcg (must have positive ref)
 614  * @gfp: allocation mask to use
 615  *
 616  * Try to get the wb for @memcg_css on @bdi.  If it doesn't exist, try to
 617  * create one.  The returned wb has its refcount incremented.
 618  *
 619  * This function uses css_get() on @memcg_css and thus expects its refcnt
 620  * to be positive on invocation.  IOW, rcu_read_lock() protection on
 621  * @memcg_css isn't enough.  try_get it before calling this function.
 622  *
 623  * A wb is keyed by its associated memcg.  As blkcg implicitly enables
 624  * memcg on the default hierarchy, memcg association is guaranteed to be
 625  * more specific (equal or descendant to the associated blkcg) and thus can
 626  * identify both the memcg and blkcg associations.
 627  *
 628  * Because the blkcg associated with a memcg may change as blkcg is enabled
 629  * and disabled closer to root in the hierarchy, each wb keeps track of
 630  * both the memcg and blkcg associated with it and verifies the blkcg on
 631  * each lookup.  On mismatch, the existing wb is discarded and a new one is
 632  * created.
 633  */
 634 struct bdi_writeback *wb_get_create(struct backing_dev_info *bdi,
 635                                     struct cgroup_subsys_state *memcg_css,
 636                                     gfp_t gfp)
 637 {
 638         struct bdi_writeback *wb;
 639
 640         might_sleep_if(gfpflags_allow_blocking(gfp));
 641
 642         if (!memcg_css->parent)
 643                 return &bdi->wb;
 644
 645         do {
 646                 rcu_read_lock();
 647                 wb = radix_tree_lookup(&bdi->cgwb_tree, memcg_css->id);
 648                 if (wb) {
 649                         struct cgroup_subsys_state *blkcg_css;
 650
 651                         /* see whether the blkcg association has changed */
 652                         blkcg_css = cgroup_get_e_css(memcg_css->cgroup,
 653                                                      &io_cgrp_subsys);
 654                         if (unlikely(wb->blkcg_css != blkcg_css ||
 655                                      !wb_tryget(wb)))
 656                                 wb = NULL;
 657                         css_put(blkcg_css);
 658                 }
 659                 rcu_read_unlock();
 660         } while (!wb && !cgwb_create(bdi, memcg_css, gfp));
 661
 662         return wb;
 663 }
 664
 665 static int cgwb_bdi_init(struct backing_dev_info *bdi)
 666 {
 667         int ret;
 668
 669         INIT_RADIX_TREE(&bdi->cgwb_tree, GFP_ATOMIC);
 670         bdi->cgwb_congested_tree = RB_ROOT;
 671         atomic_set(&bdi->usage_cnt, 1);
 672
 673         ret = wb_init(&bdi->wb, bdi, 1, GFP_KERNEL);
 674         if (!ret) {
 675                 bdi->wb.memcg_css = mem_cgroup_root_css;
 676                 bdi->wb.blkcg_css = blkcg_root_css;
 677         }
 678         return ret;
 679 }
 680
 681 static void cgwb_bdi_destroy(struct backing_dev_info *bdi)
 682 {
 683         struct radix_tree_iter iter;
 684         struct rb_node *rbn;
 685         void **slot;
 686
 687         WARN_ON(test_bit(WB_registered, &bdi->wb.state));
 688
 689         spin_lock_irq(&cgwb_lock);
 690
 691         radix_tree_for_each_slot(slot, &bdi->cgwb_tree, &iter, 0)
 692                 cgwb_kill(*slot);
 693
 694         while ((rbn = rb_first(&bdi->cgwb_congested_tree))) {
 695                 struct bdi_writeback_congested *congested =
 696                         rb_entry(rbn, struct bdi_writeback_congested, rb_node);
 697
 698                 rb_erase(rbn, &bdi->cgwb_congested_tree);
 699                 congested->bdi = NULL;  /* mark @congested unlinked */
 700         }
 701
 702         spin_unlock_irq(&cgwb_lock);
 703
 704         /*
 705          * All cgwb's and their congested states must be shutdown and
 706          * released before returning.  Drain the usage counter to wait for
 707          * all cgwb's and cgwb_congested's ever created on @bdi.
 708          */
 709         atomic_dec(&bdi->usage_cnt);
 710         wait_event(cgwb_release_wait, !atomic_read(&bdi->usage_cnt));
 711 }
 712
 713 /**
 714  * wb_memcg_offline - kill all wb's associated with a memcg being offlined
 715  * @memcg: memcg being offlined
 716  *
 717  * Also prevents creation of any new wb's associated with @memcg.
 718  */
 719 void wb_memcg_offline(struct mem_cgroup *memcg)
 720 {
 721         LIST_HEAD(to_destroy);
 722         struct list_head *memcg_cgwb_list = mem_cgroup_cgwb_list(memcg);
 723         struct bdi_writeback *wb, *next;
 724
 725         spin_lock_irq(&cgwb_lock);
 726         list_for_each_entry_safe(wb, next, memcg_cgwb_list, memcg_node)
 727                 cgwb_kill(wb);
 728         memcg_cgwb_list->next = NULL;   /* prevent new wb's */
 729         spin_unlock_irq(&cgwb_lock);
 730 }
 731
 732 /**
 733  * wb_blkcg_offline - kill all wb's associated with a blkcg being offlined
 734  * @blkcg: blkcg being offlined
 735  *
 736  * Also prevents creation of any new wb's associated with @blkcg.
 737  */
 738 void wb_blkcg_offline(struct blkcg *blkcg)
 739 {
 740         LIST_HEAD(to_destroy);
 741         struct bdi_writeback *wb, *next;
 742
 743         spin_lock_irq(&cgwb_lock);
 744         list_for_each_entry_safe(wb, next, &blkcg->cgwb_list, blkcg_node)
 745                 cgwb_kill(wb);
 746         blkcg->cgwb_list.next = NULL;   /* prevent new wb's */
 747         spin_unlock_irq(&cgwb_lock);
 748 }
 749
 750 #else   /* CONFIG_CGROUP_WRITEBACK */
 751
 752 static int cgwb_bdi_init(struct backing_dev_info *bdi)
 753 {
 754         int err;
 755
 756         bdi->wb_congested = kzalloc(sizeof(*bdi->wb_congested), GFP_KERNEL);
 757         if (!bdi->wb_congested)
 758                 return -ENOMEM;
 759
 760         err = wb_init(&bdi->wb, bdi, 1, GFP_KERNEL);
 761         if (err) {
 762                 kfree(bdi->wb_congested);
 763                 return err;
 764         }
 765         return 0;
 766 }
 767
 768 static void cgwb_bdi_destroy(struct backing_dev_info *bdi) { }
 769
 770 #endif  /* CONFIG_CGROUP_WRITEBACK */
 771
 772 int bdi_init(struct backing_dev_info *bdi)
 773 {
 774         int ret;
 775
 776         bdi->dev = NULL;
 777
 778         bdi->min_ratio = 0;
 779         bdi->max_ratio = 100;
 780         bdi->max_prop_frac = FPROP_FRAC_BASE;
 781         INIT_LIST_HEAD(&bdi->bdi_list);
 782         INIT_LIST_HEAD(&bdi->wb_list);
 783         init_waitqueue_head(&bdi->wb_waitq);
 784
 785         ret = cgwb_bdi_init(bdi);
 786
 787         list_add_tail_rcu(&bdi->wb.bdi_node, &bdi->wb_list);
 788
 789         return ret;
 790 }
 791 EXPORT_SYMBOL(bdi_init);
 792
 793 int bdi_register(struct backing_dev_info *bdi, struct device *parent,
 794                 const char *fmt, ...)
 795 {
 796         va_list args;
 797         struct device *dev;
 798
 799         if (bdi->dev)   /* The driver needs to use separate queues per device */
 800                 return 0;
 801
 802         va_start(args, fmt);
 803         dev = device_create_vargs(bdi_class, parent, MKDEV(0, 0), bdi, fmt, args);
 804         va_end(args);
 805         if (IS_ERR(dev))
 806                 return PTR_ERR(dev);
 807
 808         bdi->dev = dev;
 809
 810         bdi_debug_register(bdi, dev_name(dev));
 811         set_bit(WB_registered, &bdi->wb.state);
 812
 813         spin_lock_bh(&bdi_lock);
 814         list_add_tail_rcu(&bdi->bdi_list, &bdi_list);
 815         spin_unlock_bh(&bdi_lock);
 816
 817         trace_writeback_bdi_register(bdi);
 818         return 0;
 819 }
 820 EXPORT_SYMBOL(bdi_register);
 821
 822 int bdi_register_dev(struct backing_dev_info *bdi, dev_t dev)
 823 {
 824         return bdi_register(bdi, NULL, "%u:%u", MAJOR(dev), MINOR(dev));
 825 }
 826 EXPORT_SYMBOL(bdi_register_dev);
 827
 828 /*
 829  * Remove bdi from bdi_list, and ensure that it is no longer visible
 830  */
 831 static void bdi_remove_from_list(struct backing_dev_info *bdi)
 832 {
 833         spin_lock_bh(&bdi_lock);
 834         list_del_rcu(&bdi->bdi_list);
 835         spin_unlock_bh(&bdi_lock);
 836
 837         synchronize_rcu_expedited();
 838 }
 839
 840 void bdi_unregister(struct backing_dev_info *bdi)
 841 {
 842         /* make sure nobody finds us on the bdi_list anymore */
 843         bdi_remove_from_list(bdi);
 844         wb_shutdown(&bdi->wb);
 845         cgwb_bdi_destroy(bdi);
 846
 847         if (bdi->dev) {
 848                 bdi_debug_unregister(bdi);
 849                 device_unregister(bdi->dev);
 850                 bdi->dev = NULL;
 851         }
 852 }
 853
 854 void bdi_exit(struct backing_dev_info *bdi)
 855 {
 856         WARN_ON_ONCE(bdi->dev);
 857         wb_exit(&bdi->wb);
 858 }
 859
 860 void bdi_destroy(struct backing_dev_info *bdi)
 861 {
 862         bdi_unregister(bdi);
 863         bdi_exit(bdi);
 864 }
 865 EXPORT_SYMBOL(bdi_destroy);
 866
 867 /*
 868  * For use from filesystems to quickly init and register a bdi associated
 869  * with dirty writeback
 870  */
 871 int bdi_setup_and_register(struct backing_dev_info *bdi, char *name)
 872 {
 873         int err;
 874
 875         bdi->name = name;
 876         bdi->capabilities = 0;
 877         err = bdi_init(bdi);
 878         if (err)
 879                 return err;
 880
 881         err = bdi_register(bdi, NULL, "%.28s-%ld", name,
 882                            atomic_long_inc_return(&bdi_seq));
 883         if (err) {
 884                 bdi_destroy(bdi);
 885                 return err;
 886         }
 887
 888         return 0;
 889 }
 890 EXPORT_SYMBOL(bdi_setup_and_register);
 891
 892 static wait_queue_head_t congestion_wqh[2] = {
 893                 __WAIT_QUEUE_HEAD_INITIALIZER(congestion_wqh[0]),
 894                 __WAIT_QUEUE_HEAD_INITIALIZER(congestion_wqh[1])
 895         };
 896 static atomic_t nr_wb_congested[2];
 897
 898 void clear_wb_congested(struct bdi_writeback_congested *congested, int sync)
 899 {
 900         wait_queue_head_t *wqh = &congestion_wqh[sync];
 901         enum wb_state bit;
 902
 903         bit = sync ? WB_sync_congested : WB_async_congested;
 904         if (test_and_clear_bit(bit, &congested->state))
 905                 atomic_dec(&nr_wb_congested[sync]);
 906         smp_mb__after_atomic();
 907         if (waitqueue_active(wqh))
 908                 wake_up(wqh);
 909 }
 910 EXPORT_SYMBOL(clear_wb_congested);
 911
 912 void set_wb_congested(struct bdi_writeback_congested *congested, int sync)
 913 {
 914         enum wb_state bit;
 915
 916         bit = sync ? WB_sync_congested : WB_async_congested;
 917         if (!test_and_set_bit(bit, &congested->state))
 918                 atomic_inc(&nr_wb_congested[sync]);
 919 }
 920 EXPORT_SYMBOL(set_wb_congested);
 921
 922 /**
 923  * congestion_wait - wait for a backing_dev to become uncongested
 924  * @sync: SYNC or ASYNC IO
 925  * @timeout: timeout in jiffies
 926  *
 927  * Waits for up to @timeout jiffies for a backing_dev (any backing_dev) to exit
 928  * write congestion.  If no backing_devs are congested then just wait for the
 929  * next write to be completed.
 930  */
 931 long congestion_wait(int sync, long timeout)
 932 {
 933         long ret;
 934         unsigned long start = jiffies;
 935         DEFINE_WAIT(wait);
 936         wait_queue_head_t *wqh = &congestion_wqh[sync];
 937
 938         prepare_to_wait(wqh, &wait, TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE);
 939         ret = io_schedule_timeout(timeout);
 940         finish_wait(wqh, &wait);
 941
 942         trace_writeback_congestion_wait(jiffies_to_usecs(timeout),
 943                                         jiffies_to_usecs(jiffies - start));
 944
 945         return ret;
 946 }
 947 EXPORT_SYMBOL(congestion_wait);
 948
 949 /**
 950  * wait_iff_congested - Conditionally wait for a backing_dev to become uncongested or a zone to complete writes
 951  * @zone: A zone to check if it is heavily congested
 952  * @sync: SYNC or ASYNC IO
 953  * @timeout: timeout in jiffies
 954  *
 955  * In the event of a congested backing_dev (any backing_dev) and the given
 956  * @zone has experienced recent congestion, this waits for up to @timeout
 957  * jiffies for either a BDI to exit congestion of the given @sync queue
 958  * or a write to complete.
 959  *
 960  * In the absence of zone congestion, a short sleep or a cond_resched is
 961  * performed to yield the processor and to allow other subsystems to make
 962  * a forward progress.
 963  *
 964  * The return value is 0 if the sleep is for the full timeout. Otherwise,
 965  * it is the number of jiffies that were still remaining when the function
 966  * returned. return_value == timeout implies the function did not sleep.
 967  */
 968 long wait_iff_congested(struct zone *zone, int sync, long timeout)
 969 {
 970         long ret;
 971         unsigned long start = jiffies;
 972         DEFINE_WAIT(wait);
 973         wait_queue_head_t *wqh = &congestion_wqh[sync];
 974
 975         /*
 976          * If there is no congestion, or heavy congestion is not being
 977          * encountered in the current zone, yield if necessary instead
 978          * of sleeping on the congestion queue
 979          */
 980         if (atomic_read(&nr_wb_congested[sync]) == 0 ||
 981             !test_bit(ZONE_CONGESTED, &zone->flags)) {
 982
 983                 /*
 984                  * Memory allocation/reclaim might be called from a WQ
 985                  * context and the current implementation of the WQ
 986                  * concurrency control doesn't recognize that a particular
 987                  * WQ is congested if the worker thread is looping without
 988                  * ever sleeping. Therefore we have to do a short sleep
 989                  * here rather than calling cond_resched().
 990                  */
 991                 if (current->flags & PF_WQ_WORKER)
 992                         schedule_timeout(1);
 993                 else
 994                         cond_resched();
 995
 996                 /* In case we scheduled, work out time remaining */
 997                 ret = timeout - (jiffies - start);
 998                 if (ret < 0)
 999                         ret = 0;
1000
1001                 goto out;
1002         }
1003
1004         /* Sleep until uncongested or a write happens */
1005         prepare_to_wait(wqh, &wait, TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE);
1006         ret = io_schedule_timeout(timeout);
1007         finish_wait(wqh, &wait);
1008
1009 out:
1010         trace_writeback_wait_iff_congested(jiffies_to_usecs(timeout),
1011                                         jiffies_to_usecs(jiffies - start));
1012
1013         return ret;
1014 }
1015 EXPORT_SYMBOL(wait_iff_congested);
1016
1017 int pdflush_proc_obsolete(struct ctl_table *table, int write,
1018                         void __user *buffer, size_t *lenp, loff_t *ppos)
1019 {
1020         char kbuf[] = "0\n";
1021
1022         if (*ppos || *lenp < sizeof(kbuf)) {
1023                 *lenp = 0;
1024                 return 0;
1025         }
1026
1027         if (copy_to_user(buffer, kbuf, sizeof(kbuf)))
1028                 return -EFAULT;
1029         printk_once(KERN_WARNING "%s exported in /proc is scheduled for removal\n",
1030                         table->procname);
1031
1032         *lenp = 2;
1033         *ppos += *lenp;
1034         return 2;
1035 }