2 * Simple NUMA memory policy for the Linux kernel.
4 * Copyright 2003,2004 Andi Kleen, SuSE Labs.
5 * (C) Copyright 2005 Christoph Lameter, Silicon Graphics, Inc.
6 * Subject to the GNU Public License, version 2.
8 * NUMA policy allows the user to give hints in which node(s) memory should
11 * Support four policies per VMA and per process:
13 * The VMA policy has priority over the process policy for a page fault.
15 * interleave Allocate memory interleaved over a set of nodes,
16 * with normal fallback if it fails.
17 * For VMA based allocations this interleaves based on the
18 * offset into the backing object or offset into the mapping
19 * for anonymous memory. For process policy an process counter
22 * bind Only allocate memory on a specific set of nodes,
24 * FIXME: memory is allocated starting with the first node
25 * to the last. It would be better if bind would truly restrict
26 * the allocation to memory nodes instead
28 * preferred Try a specific node first before normal fallback.
29 * As a special case node -1 here means do the allocation
30 * on the local CPU. This is normally identical to default,
31 * but useful to set in a VMA when you have a non default
34 * default Allocate on the local node first, or when on a VMA
35 * use the process policy. This is what Linux always did
36 * in a NUMA aware kernel and still does by, ahem, default.
38 * The process policy is applied for most non interrupt memory allocations
39 * in that process' context. Interrupts ignore the policies and always
40 * try to allocate on the local CPU. The VMA policy is only applied for memory
41 * allocations for a VMA in the VM.
43 * Currently there are a few corner cases in swapping where the policy
44 * is not applied, but the majority should be handled. When process policy
45 * is used it is not remembered over swap outs/swap ins.
47 * Only the highest zone in the zone hierarchy gets policied. Allocations
48 * requesting a lower zone just use default policy. This implies that
49 * on systems with highmem kernel lowmem allocation don't get policied.
50 * Same with GFP_DMA allocations.
52 * For shmfs/tmpfs/hugetlbfs shared memory the policy is shared between
53 * all users and remembered even when nobody has memory mapped.
57 fix mmap readahead to honour policy and enable policy for any page cache
59 statistics for bigpages
60 global policy for page cache? currently it uses process policy. Requires
62 handle mremap for shared memory (currently ignored for the policy)
64 make bind policy root only? It can trigger oom much faster and the
65 kernel is not always grateful with that.
66 could replace all the switch()es with a mempolicy_ops structure.
69 #include <linux/mempolicy.h>
71 #include <linux/highmem.h>
72 #include <linux/hugetlb.h>
73 #include <linux/kernel.h>
74 #include <linux/sched.h>
76 #include <linux/nodemask.h>
77 #include <linux/cpuset.h>
78 #include <linux/gfp.h>
79 #include <linux/slab.h>
80 #include <linux/string.h>
81 #include <linux/module.h>
82 #include <linux/interrupt.h>
83 #include <linux/init.h>
84 #include <linux/compat.h>
85 #include <linux/mempolicy.h>
86 #include <linux/swap.h>
87 #include <linux/seq_file.h>
88 #include <linux/proc_fs.h>
90 #include <asm/tlbflush.h>
91 #include <asm/uaccess.h>
94 #define MPOL_MF_DISCONTIG_OK (MPOL_MF_INTERNAL << 0) /* Skip checks for continuous vmas */
95 #define MPOL_MF_INVERT (MPOL_MF_INTERNAL << 1) /* Invert check for nodemask */
96 #define MPOL_MF_STATS (MPOL_MF_INTERNAL << 2) /* Gather statistics */
98 static kmem_cache_t *policy_cache;
99 static kmem_cache_t *sn_cache;
101 #define PDprintk(fmt...)
103 /* Highest zone. An specific allocation for a zone below that is not
105 int policy_zone = ZONE_DMA;
107 struct mempolicy default_policy = {
108 .refcnt = ATOMIC_INIT(1), /* never free it */
109 .policy = MPOL_DEFAULT,
112 /* Do sanity checking on a policy */
113 static int mpol_check_policy(int mode, nodemask_t *nodes)
115 int empty = nodes_empty(*nodes);
123 case MPOL_INTERLEAVE:
124 /* Preferred will only use the first bit, but allow
130 return nodes_subset(*nodes, node_online_map) ? 0 : -EINVAL;
132 /* Generate a custom zonelist for the BIND policy. */
133 static struct zonelist *bind_zonelist(nodemask_t *nodes)
138 max = 1 + MAX_NR_ZONES * nodes_weight(*nodes);
139 zl = kmalloc(sizeof(void *) * max, GFP_KERNEL);
143 for_each_node_mask(nd, *nodes)
144 zl->zones[num++] = &NODE_DATA(nd)->node_zones[policy_zone];
145 zl->zones[num] = NULL;
149 /* Create a new policy */
150 static struct mempolicy *mpol_new(int mode, nodemask_t *nodes)
152 struct mempolicy *policy;
154 PDprintk("setting mode %d nodes[0] %lx\n", mode, nodes_addr(*nodes)[0]);
155 if (mode == MPOL_DEFAULT)
157 policy = kmem_cache_alloc(policy_cache, GFP_KERNEL);
159 return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
160 atomic_set(&policy->refcnt, 1);
162 case MPOL_INTERLEAVE:
163 policy->v.nodes = *nodes;
164 if (nodes_weight(*nodes) == 0) {
165 kmem_cache_free(policy_cache, policy);
166 return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
170 policy->v.preferred_node = first_node(*nodes);
171 if (policy->v.preferred_node >= MAX_NUMNODES)
172 policy->v.preferred_node = -1;
175 policy->v.zonelist = bind_zonelist(nodes);
176 if (policy->v.zonelist == NULL) {
177 kmem_cache_free(policy_cache, policy);
178 return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
182 policy->policy = mode;
183 policy->cpuset_mems_allowed = cpuset_mems_allowed(current);
187 static void gather_stats(struct page *, void *);
188 static void migrate_page_add(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
189 struct page *page, struct list_head *pagelist, unsigned long flags);
191 /* Scan through pages checking if pages follow certain conditions. */
192 static int check_pte_range(struct vm_area_struct *vma, pmd_t *pmd,
193 unsigned long addr, unsigned long end,
194 const nodemask_t *nodes, unsigned long flags,
201 orig_pte = pte = pte_offset_map_lock(vma->vm_mm, pmd, addr, &ptl);
206 if (!pte_present(*pte))
208 page = vm_normal_page(vma, addr, *pte);
211 if (PageReserved(page))
213 nid = page_to_nid(page);
214 if (node_isset(nid, *nodes) == !!(flags & MPOL_MF_INVERT))
217 if (flags & MPOL_MF_STATS)
218 gather_stats(page, private);
219 else if (flags & (MPOL_MF_MOVE | MPOL_MF_MOVE_ALL)) {
221 migrate_page_add(vma, page, private, flags);
226 } while (pte++, addr += PAGE_SIZE, addr != end);
227 pte_unmap_unlock(orig_pte, ptl);
231 static inline int check_pmd_range(struct vm_area_struct *vma, pud_t *pud,
232 unsigned long addr, unsigned long end,
233 const nodemask_t *nodes, unsigned long flags,
239 pmd = pmd_offset(pud, addr);
241 next = pmd_addr_end(addr, end);
242 if (pmd_none_or_clear_bad(pmd))
244 if (check_pte_range(vma, pmd, addr, next, nodes,
247 } while (pmd++, addr = next, addr != end);
251 static inline int check_pud_range(struct vm_area_struct *vma, pgd_t *pgd,
252 unsigned long addr, unsigned long end,
253 const nodemask_t *nodes, unsigned long flags,
259 pud = pud_offset(pgd, addr);
261 next = pud_addr_end(addr, end);
262 if (pud_none_or_clear_bad(pud))
264 if (check_pmd_range(vma, pud, addr, next, nodes,
267 } while (pud++, addr = next, addr != end);
271 static inline int check_pgd_range(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
272 unsigned long addr, unsigned long end,
273 const nodemask_t *nodes, unsigned long flags,
279 pgd = pgd_offset(vma->vm_mm, addr);
281 next = pgd_addr_end(addr, end);
282 if (pgd_none_or_clear_bad(pgd))
284 if (check_pud_range(vma, pgd, addr, next, nodes,
287 } while (pgd++, addr = next, addr != end);
291 /* Check if a vma is migratable */
292 static inline int vma_migratable(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
294 if (vma->vm_flags & (
295 VM_LOCKED|VM_IO|VM_HUGETLB|VM_PFNMAP|VM_RESERVED))
301 * Check if all pages in a range are on a set of nodes.
302 * If pagelist != NULL then isolate pages from the LRU and
303 * put them on the pagelist.
305 static struct vm_area_struct *
306 check_range(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long start, unsigned long end,
307 const nodemask_t *nodes, unsigned long flags, void *private)
310 struct vm_area_struct *first, *vma, *prev;
312 first = find_vma(mm, start);
314 return ERR_PTR(-EFAULT);
316 for (vma = first; vma && vma->vm_start < end; vma = vma->vm_next) {
317 if (!(flags & MPOL_MF_DISCONTIG_OK)) {
318 if (!vma->vm_next && vma->vm_end < end)
319 return ERR_PTR(-EFAULT);
320 if (prev && prev->vm_end < vma->vm_start)
321 return ERR_PTR(-EFAULT);
323 if (!is_vm_hugetlb_page(vma) &&
324 ((flags & MPOL_MF_STRICT) ||
325 ((flags & (MPOL_MF_MOVE | MPOL_MF_MOVE_ALL)) &&
326 vma_migratable(vma)))) {
327 unsigned long endvma = vma->vm_end;
331 if (vma->vm_start > start)
332 start = vma->vm_start;
333 err = check_pgd_range(vma, start, endvma, nodes,
336 first = ERR_PTR(err);
345 /* Apply policy to a single VMA */
346 static int policy_vma(struct vm_area_struct *vma, struct mempolicy *new)
349 struct mempolicy *old = vma->vm_policy;
351 PDprintk("vma %lx-%lx/%lx vm_ops %p vm_file %p set_policy %p\n",
352 vma->vm_start, vma->vm_end, vma->vm_pgoff,
353 vma->vm_ops, vma->vm_file,
354 vma->vm_ops ? vma->vm_ops->set_policy : NULL);
356 if (vma->vm_ops && vma->vm_ops->set_policy)
357 err = vma->vm_ops->set_policy(vma, new);
360 vma->vm_policy = new;
366 /* Step 2: apply policy to a range and do splits. */
367 static int mbind_range(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long start,
368 unsigned long end, struct mempolicy *new)
370 struct vm_area_struct *next;
374 for (; vma && vma->vm_start < end; vma = next) {
376 if (vma->vm_start < start)
377 err = split_vma(vma->vm_mm, vma, start, 1);
378 if (!err && vma->vm_end > end)
379 err = split_vma(vma->vm_mm, vma, end, 0);
381 err = policy_vma(vma, new);
388 static int contextualize_policy(int mode, nodemask_t *nodes)
393 cpuset_update_task_memory_state();
394 if (!cpuset_nodes_subset_current_mems_allowed(*nodes))
396 return mpol_check_policy(mode, nodes);
399 /* Set the process memory policy */
400 long do_set_mempolicy(int mode, nodemask_t *nodes)
402 struct mempolicy *new;
404 if (contextualize_policy(mode, nodes))
406 new = mpol_new(mode, nodes);
409 mpol_free(current->mempolicy);
410 current->mempolicy = new;
411 if (new && new->policy == MPOL_INTERLEAVE)
412 current->il_next = first_node(new->v.nodes);
416 /* Fill a zone bitmap for a policy */
417 static void get_zonemask(struct mempolicy *p, nodemask_t *nodes)
424 for (i = 0; p->v.zonelist->zones[i]; i++)
425 node_set(p->v.zonelist->zones[i]->zone_pgdat->node_id,
430 case MPOL_INTERLEAVE:
434 /* or use current node instead of online map? */
435 if (p->v.preferred_node < 0)
436 *nodes = node_online_map;
438 node_set(p->v.preferred_node, *nodes);
445 static int lookup_node(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long addr)
450 err = get_user_pages(current, mm, addr & PAGE_MASK, 1, 0, 0, &p, NULL);
452 err = page_to_nid(p);
458 /* Retrieve NUMA policy */
459 long do_get_mempolicy(int *policy, nodemask_t *nmask,
460 unsigned long addr, unsigned long flags)
463 struct mm_struct *mm = current->mm;
464 struct vm_area_struct *vma = NULL;
465 struct mempolicy *pol = current->mempolicy;
467 cpuset_update_task_memory_state();
468 if (flags & ~(unsigned long)(MPOL_F_NODE|MPOL_F_ADDR))
470 if (flags & MPOL_F_ADDR) {
471 down_read(&mm->mmap_sem);
472 vma = find_vma_intersection(mm, addr, addr+1);
474 up_read(&mm->mmap_sem);
477 if (vma->vm_ops && vma->vm_ops->get_policy)
478 pol = vma->vm_ops->get_policy(vma, addr);
480 pol = vma->vm_policy;
485 pol = &default_policy;
487 if (flags & MPOL_F_NODE) {
488 if (flags & MPOL_F_ADDR) {
489 err = lookup_node(mm, addr);
493 } else if (pol == current->mempolicy &&
494 pol->policy == MPOL_INTERLEAVE) {
495 *policy = current->il_next;
501 *policy = pol->policy;
504 up_read(¤t->mm->mmap_sem);
510 get_zonemask(pol, nmask);
514 up_read(¤t->mm->mmap_sem);
522 /* Check if we are the only process mapping the page in question */
523 static inline int single_mm_mapping(struct mm_struct *mm,
524 struct address_space *mapping)
526 struct vm_area_struct *vma;
527 struct prio_tree_iter iter;
530 spin_lock(&mapping->i_mmap_lock);
531 vma_prio_tree_foreach(vma, &iter, &mapping->i_mmap, 0, ULONG_MAX)
532 if (mm != vma->vm_mm) {
536 list_for_each_entry(vma, &mapping->i_mmap_nonlinear, shared.vm_set.list)
537 if (mm != vma->vm_mm) {
542 spin_unlock(&mapping->i_mmap_lock);
547 * Add a page to be migrated to the pagelist
549 static void migrate_page_add(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
550 struct page *page, struct list_head *pagelist, unsigned long flags)
553 * Avoid migrating a page that is shared by others and not writable.
555 if ((flags & MPOL_MF_MOVE_ALL) || !page->mapping || PageAnon(page) ||
556 mapping_writably_mapped(page->mapping) ||
557 single_mm_mapping(vma->vm_mm, page->mapping)) {
558 int rc = isolate_lru_page(page);
561 list_add(&page->lru, pagelist);
563 * If the isolate attempt was not successful then we just
564 * encountered an unswappable page. Something must be wrong.
570 static int swap_pages(struct list_head *pagelist)
576 n = migrate_pages(pagelist, NULL, &moved, &failed);
577 putback_lru_pages(&failed);
578 putback_lru_pages(&moved);
584 * For now migrate_pages simply swaps out the pages from nodes that are in
585 * the source set but not in the target set. In the future, we would
586 * want a function that moves pages between the two nodesets in such
587 * a way as to preserve the physical layout as much as possible.
589 * Returns the number of page that could not be moved.
591 int do_migrate_pages(struct mm_struct *mm,
592 const nodemask_t *from_nodes, const nodemask_t *to_nodes, int flags)
598 nodes_andnot(nodes, *from_nodes, *to_nodes);
600 down_read(&mm->mmap_sem);
601 check_range(mm, mm->mmap->vm_start, TASK_SIZE, &nodes,
602 flags | MPOL_MF_DISCONTIG_OK, &pagelist);
604 if (!list_empty(&pagelist)) {
605 count = swap_pages(&pagelist);
606 putback_lru_pages(&pagelist);
609 up_read(&mm->mmap_sem);
613 long do_mbind(unsigned long start, unsigned long len,
614 unsigned long mode, nodemask_t *nmask, unsigned long flags)
616 struct vm_area_struct *vma;
617 struct mm_struct *mm = current->mm;
618 struct mempolicy *new;
623 if ((flags & ~(unsigned long)(MPOL_MF_STRICT |
624 MPOL_MF_MOVE | MPOL_MF_MOVE_ALL))
627 if ((flags & MPOL_MF_MOVE_ALL) && !capable(CAP_SYS_RESOURCE))
630 if (start & ~PAGE_MASK)
633 if (mode == MPOL_DEFAULT)
634 flags &= ~MPOL_MF_STRICT;
636 len = (len + PAGE_SIZE - 1) & PAGE_MASK;
644 if (mpol_check_policy(mode, nmask))
647 new = mpol_new(mode, nmask);
652 * If we are using the default policy then operation
653 * on discontinuous address spaces is okay after all
656 flags |= MPOL_MF_DISCONTIG_OK;
658 PDprintk("mbind %lx-%lx mode:%ld nodes:%lx\n",start,start+len,
659 mode,nodes_addr(nodes)[0]);
661 down_write(&mm->mmap_sem);
662 vma = check_range(mm, start, end, nmask,
663 flags | MPOL_MF_INVERT, &pagelist);
669 err = mbind_range(vma, start, end, new);
670 if (!list_empty(&pagelist))
671 nr_failed = swap_pages(&pagelist);
673 if (!err && nr_failed && (flags & MPOL_MF_STRICT))
676 if (!list_empty(&pagelist))
677 putback_lru_pages(&pagelist);
679 up_write(&mm->mmap_sem);
685 * User space interface with variable sized bitmaps for nodelists.
688 /* Copy a node mask from user space. */
689 static int get_nodes(nodemask_t *nodes, const unsigned long __user *nmask,
690 unsigned long maxnode)
693 unsigned long nlongs;
694 unsigned long endmask;
698 if (maxnode == 0 || !nmask)
701 nlongs = BITS_TO_LONGS(maxnode);
702 if ((maxnode % BITS_PER_LONG) == 0)
705 endmask = (1UL << (maxnode % BITS_PER_LONG)) - 1;
707 /* When the user specified more nodes than supported just check
708 if the non supported part is all zero. */
709 if (nlongs > BITS_TO_LONGS(MAX_NUMNODES)) {
710 if (nlongs > PAGE_SIZE/sizeof(long))
712 for (k = BITS_TO_LONGS(MAX_NUMNODES); k < nlongs; k++) {
714 if (get_user(t, nmask + k))
716 if (k == nlongs - 1) {
722 nlongs = BITS_TO_LONGS(MAX_NUMNODES);
726 if (copy_from_user(nodes_addr(*nodes), nmask, nlongs*sizeof(unsigned long)))
728 nodes_addr(*nodes)[nlongs-1] &= endmask;
732 /* Copy a kernel node mask to user space */
733 static int copy_nodes_to_user(unsigned long __user *mask, unsigned long maxnode,
736 unsigned long copy = ALIGN(maxnode-1, 64) / 8;
737 const int nbytes = BITS_TO_LONGS(MAX_NUMNODES) * sizeof(long);
740 if (copy > PAGE_SIZE)
742 if (clear_user((char __user *)mask + nbytes, copy - nbytes))
746 return copy_to_user(mask, nodes_addr(*nodes), copy) ? -EFAULT : 0;
749 asmlinkage long sys_mbind(unsigned long start, unsigned long len,
751 unsigned long __user *nmask, unsigned long maxnode,
757 err = get_nodes(&nodes, nmask, maxnode);
760 return do_mbind(start, len, mode, &nodes, flags);
763 /* Set the process memory policy */
764 asmlinkage long sys_set_mempolicy(int mode, unsigned long __user *nmask,
765 unsigned long maxnode)
770 if (mode < 0 || mode > MPOL_MAX)
772 err = get_nodes(&nodes, nmask, maxnode);
775 return do_set_mempolicy(mode, &nodes);
778 asmlinkage long sys_migrate_pages(pid_t pid, unsigned long maxnode,
779 const unsigned long __user *old_nodes,
780 const unsigned long __user *new_nodes)
782 struct mm_struct *mm;
783 struct task_struct *task;
786 nodemask_t task_nodes;
789 err = get_nodes(&old, old_nodes, maxnode);
793 err = get_nodes(&new, new_nodes, maxnode);
797 /* Find the mm_struct */
798 read_lock(&tasklist_lock);
799 task = pid ? find_task_by_pid(pid) : current;
801 read_unlock(&tasklist_lock);
804 mm = get_task_mm(task);
805 read_unlock(&tasklist_lock);
811 * Check if this process has the right to modify the specified
812 * process. The right exists if the process has administrative
813 * capabilities, superuser priviledges or the same
814 * userid as the target process.
816 if ((current->euid != task->suid) && (current->euid != task->uid) &&
817 (current->uid != task->suid) && (current->uid != task->uid) &&
818 !capable(CAP_SYS_ADMIN)) {
823 task_nodes = cpuset_mems_allowed(task);
824 /* Is the user allowed to access the target nodes? */
825 if (!nodes_subset(new, task_nodes) && !capable(CAP_SYS_ADMIN)) {
830 err = do_migrate_pages(mm, &old, &new, MPOL_MF_MOVE);
837 /* Retrieve NUMA policy */
838 asmlinkage long sys_get_mempolicy(int __user *policy,
839 unsigned long __user *nmask,
840 unsigned long maxnode,
841 unsigned long addr, unsigned long flags)
846 if (nmask != NULL && maxnode < MAX_NUMNODES)
849 err = do_get_mempolicy(&pval, &nodes, addr, flags);
854 if (policy && put_user(pval, policy))
858 err = copy_nodes_to_user(nmask, maxnode, &nodes);
865 asmlinkage long compat_sys_get_mempolicy(int __user *policy,
866 compat_ulong_t __user *nmask,
867 compat_ulong_t maxnode,
868 compat_ulong_t addr, compat_ulong_t flags)
871 unsigned long __user *nm = NULL;
872 unsigned long nr_bits, alloc_size;
873 DECLARE_BITMAP(bm, MAX_NUMNODES);
875 nr_bits = min_t(unsigned long, maxnode-1, MAX_NUMNODES);
876 alloc_size = ALIGN(nr_bits, BITS_PER_LONG) / 8;
879 nm = compat_alloc_user_space(alloc_size);
881 err = sys_get_mempolicy(policy, nm, nr_bits+1, addr, flags);
884 err = copy_from_user(bm, nm, alloc_size);
885 /* ensure entire bitmap is zeroed */
886 err |= clear_user(nmask, ALIGN(maxnode-1, 8) / 8);
887 err |= compat_put_bitmap(nmask, bm, nr_bits);
893 asmlinkage long compat_sys_set_mempolicy(int mode, compat_ulong_t __user *nmask,
894 compat_ulong_t maxnode)
897 unsigned long __user *nm = NULL;
898 unsigned long nr_bits, alloc_size;
899 DECLARE_BITMAP(bm, MAX_NUMNODES);
901 nr_bits = min_t(unsigned long, maxnode-1, MAX_NUMNODES);
902 alloc_size = ALIGN(nr_bits, BITS_PER_LONG) / 8;
905 err = compat_get_bitmap(bm, nmask, nr_bits);
906 nm = compat_alloc_user_space(alloc_size);
907 err |= copy_to_user(nm, bm, alloc_size);
913 return sys_set_mempolicy(mode, nm, nr_bits+1);
916 asmlinkage long compat_sys_mbind(compat_ulong_t start, compat_ulong_t len,
917 compat_ulong_t mode, compat_ulong_t __user *nmask,
918 compat_ulong_t maxnode, compat_ulong_t flags)
921 unsigned long __user *nm = NULL;
922 unsigned long nr_bits, alloc_size;
925 nr_bits = min_t(unsigned long, maxnode-1, MAX_NUMNODES);
926 alloc_size = ALIGN(nr_bits, BITS_PER_LONG) / 8;
929 err = compat_get_bitmap(nodes_addr(bm), nmask, nr_bits);
930 nm = compat_alloc_user_space(alloc_size);
931 err |= copy_to_user(nm, nodes_addr(bm), alloc_size);
937 return sys_mbind(start, len, mode, nm, nr_bits+1, flags);
942 /* Return effective policy for a VMA */
943 static struct mempolicy * get_vma_policy(struct task_struct *task,
944 struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr)
946 struct mempolicy *pol = task->mempolicy;
949 if (vma->vm_ops && vma->vm_ops->get_policy)
950 pol = vma->vm_ops->get_policy(vma, addr);
951 else if (vma->vm_policy &&
952 vma->vm_policy->policy != MPOL_DEFAULT)
953 pol = vma->vm_policy;
956 pol = &default_policy;
960 /* Return a zonelist representing a mempolicy */
961 static struct zonelist *zonelist_policy(gfp_t gfp, struct mempolicy *policy)
965 switch (policy->policy) {
967 nd = policy->v.preferred_node;
972 /* Lower zones don't get a policy applied */
973 /* Careful: current->mems_allowed might have moved */
974 if (gfp_zone(gfp) >= policy_zone)
975 if (cpuset_zonelist_valid_mems_allowed(policy->v.zonelist))
976 return policy->v.zonelist;
978 case MPOL_INTERLEAVE: /* should not happen */
986 return NODE_DATA(nd)->node_zonelists + gfp_zone(gfp);
989 /* Do dynamic interleaving for a process */
990 static unsigned interleave_nodes(struct mempolicy *policy)
993 struct task_struct *me = current;
996 next = next_node(nid, policy->v.nodes);
997 if (next >= MAX_NUMNODES)
998 next = first_node(policy->v.nodes);
1003 /* Do static interleaving for a VMA with known offset. */
1004 static unsigned offset_il_node(struct mempolicy *pol,
1005 struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long off)
1007 unsigned nnodes = nodes_weight(pol->v.nodes);
1008 unsigned target = (unsigned)off % nnodes;
1014 nid = next_node(nid, pol->v.nodes);
1016 } while (c <= target);
1020 /* Determine a node number for interleave */
1021 static inline unsigned interleave_nid(struct mempolicy *pol,
1022 struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr, int shift)
1027 off = vma->vm_pgoff;
1028 off += (addr - vma->vm_start) >> shift;
1029 return offset_il_node(pol, vma, off);
1031 return interleave_nodes(pol);
1034 /* Return a zonelist suitable for a huge page allocation. */
1035 struct zonelist *huge_zonelist(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr)
1037 struct mempolicy *pol = get_vma_policy(current, vma, addr);
1039 if (pol->policy == MPOL_INTERLEAVE) {
1042 nid = interleave_nid(pol, vma, addr, HPAGE_SHIFT);
1043 return NODE_DATA(nid)->node_zonelists + gfp_zone(GFP_HIGHUSER);
1045 return zonelist_policy(GFP_HIGHUSER, pol);
1048 /* Allocate a page in interleaved policy.
1049 Own path because it needs to do special accounting. */
1050 static struct page *alloc_page_interleave(gfp_t gfp, unsigned order,
1053 struct zonelist *zl;
1056 zl = NODE_DATA(nid)->node_zonelists + gfp_zone(gfp);
1057 page = __alloc_pages(gfp, order, zl);
1058 if (page && page_zone(page) == zl->zones[0]) {
1059 zone_pcp(zl->zones[0],get_cpu())->interleave_hit++;
1066 * alloc_page_vma - Allocate a page for a VMA.
1069 * %GFP_USER user allocation.
1070 * %GFP_KERNEL kernel allocations,
1071 * %GFP_HIGHMEM highmem/user allocations,
1072 * %GFP_FS allocation should not call back into a file system.
1073 * %GFP_ATOMIC don't sleep.
1075 * @vma: Pointer to VMA or NULL if not available.
1076 * @addr: Virtual Address of the allocation. Must be inside the VMA.
1078 * This function allocates a page from the kernel page pool and applies
1079 * a NUMA policy associated with the VMA or the current process.
1080 * When VMA is not NULL caller must hold down_read on the mmap_sem of the
1081 * mm_struct of the VMA to prevent it from going away. Should be used for
1082 * all allocations for pages that will be mapped into
1083 * user space. Returns NULL when no page can be allocated.
1085 * Should be called with the mm_sem of the vma hold.
1088 alloc_page_vma(gfp_t gfp, struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr)
1090 struct mempolicy *pol = get_vma_policy(current, vma, addr);
1092 cpuset_update_task_memory_state();
1094 if (unlikely(pol->policy == MPOL_INTERLEAVE)) {
1097 nid = interleave_nid(pol, vma, addr, PAGE_SHIFT);
1098 return alloc_page_interleave(gfp, 0, nid);
1100 return __alloc_pages(gfp, 0, zonelist_policy(gfp, pol));
1104 * alloc_pages_current - Allocate pages.
1107 * %GFP_USER user allocation,
1108 * %GFP_KERNEL kernel allocation,
1109 * %GFP_HIGHMEM highmem allocation,
1110 * %GFP_FS don't call back into a file system.
1111 * %GFP_ATOMIC don't sleep.
1112 * @order: Power of two of allocation size in pages. 0 is a single page.
1114 * Allocate a page from the kernel page pool. When not in
1115 * interrupt context and apply the current process NUMA policy.
1116 * Returns NULL when no page can be allocated.
1118 * Don't call cpuset_update_task_memory_state() unless
1119 * 1) it's ok to take cpuset_sem (can WAIT), and
1120 * 2) allocating for current task (not interrupt).
1122 struct page *alloc_pages_current(gfp_t gfp, unsigned order)
1124 struct mempolicy *pol = current->mempolicy;
1126 if ((gfp & __GFP_WAIT) && !in_interrupt())
1127 cpuset_update_task_memory_state();
1128 if (!pol || in_interrupt())
1129 pol = &default_policy;
1130 if (pol->policy == MPOL_INTERLEAVE)
1131 return alloc_page_interleave(gfp, order, interleave_nodes(pol));
1132 return __alloc_pages(gfp, order, zonelist_policy(gfp, pol));
1134 EXPORT_SYMBOL(alloc_pages_current);
1137 * If mpol_copy() sees current->cpuset == cpuset_being_rebound, then it
1138 * rebinds the mempolicy its copying by calling mpol_rebind_policy()
1139 * with the mems_allowed returned by cpuset_mems_allowed(). This
1140 * keeps mempolicies cpuset relative after its cpuset moves. See
1141 * further kernel/cpuset.c update_nodemask().
1143 void *cpuset_being_rebound;
1145 /* Slow path of a mempolicy copy */
1146 struct mempolicy *__mpol_copy(struct mempolicy *old)
1148 struct mempolicy *new = kmem_cache_alloc(policy_cache, GFP_KERNEL);
1151 return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
1152 if (current_cpuset_is_being_rebound()) {
1153 nodemask_t mems = cpuset_mems_allowed(current);
1154 mpol_rebind_policy(old, &mems);
1157 atomic_set(&new->refcnt, 1);
1158 if (new->policy == MPOL_BIND) {
1159 int sz = ksize(old->v.zonelist);
1160 new->v.zonelist = kmalloc(sz, SLAB_KERNEL);
1161 if (!new->v.zonelist) {
1162 kmem_cache_free(policy_cache, new);
1163 return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
1165 memcpy(new->v.zonelist, old->v.zonelist, sz);
1170 /* Slow path of a mempolicy comparison */
1171 int __mpol_equal(struct mempolicy *a, struct mempolicy *b)
1175 if (a->policy != b->policy)
1177 switch (a->policy) {
1180 case MPOL_INTERLEAVE:
1181 return nodes_equal(a->v.nodes, b->v.nodes);
1182 case MPOL_PREFERRED:
1183 return a->v.preferred_node == b->v.preferred_node;
1186 for (i = 0; a->v.zonelist->zones[i]; i++)
1187 if (a->v.zonelist->zones[i] != b->v.zonelist->zones[i])
1189 return b->v.zonelist->zones[i] == NULL;
1197 /* Slow path of a mpol destructor. */
1198 void __mpol_free(struct mempolicy *p)
1200 if (!atomic_dec_and_test(&p->refcnt))
1202 if (p->policy == MPOL_BIND)
1203 kfree(p->v.zonelist);
1204 p->policy = MPOL_DEFAULT;
1205 kmem_cache_free(policy_cache, p);
1209 * Shared memory backing store policy support.
1211 * Remember policies even when nobody has shared memory mapped.
1212 * The policies are kept in Red-Black tree linked from the inode.
1213 * They are protected by the sp->lock spinlock, which should be held
1214 * for any accesses to the tree.
1217 /* lookup first element intersecting start-end */
1218 /* Caller holds sp->lock */
1219 static struct sp_node *
1220 sp_lookup(struct shared_policy *sp, unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
1222 struct rb_node *n = sp->root.rb_node;
1225 struct sp_node *p = rb_entry(n, struct sp_node, nd);
1227 if (start >= p->end)
1229 else if (end <= p->start)
1237 struct sp_node *w = NULL;
1238 struct rb_node *prev = rb_prev(n);
1241 w = rb_entry(prev, struct sp_node, nd);
1242 if (w->end <= start)
1246 return rb_entry(n, struct sp_node, nd);
1249 /* Insert a new shared policy into the list. */
1250 /* Caller holds sp->lock */
1251 static void sp_insert(struct shared_policy *sp, struct sp_node *new)
1253 struct rb_node **p = &sp->root.rb_node;
1254 struct rb_node *parent = NULL;
1259 nd = rb_entry(parent, struct sp_node, nd);
1260 if (new->start < nd->start)
1262 else if (new->end > nd->end)
1263 p = &(*p)->rb_right;
1267 rb_link_node(&new->nd, parent, p);
1268 rb_insert_color(&new->nd, &sp->root);
1269 PDprintk("inserting %lx-%lx: %d\n", new->start, new->end,
1270 new->policy ? new->policy->policy : 0);
1273 /* Find shared policy intersecting idx */
1275 mpol_shared_policy_lookup(struct shared_policy *sp, unsigned long idx)
1277 struct mempolicy *pol = NULL;
1280 if (!sp->root.rb_node)
1282 spin_lock(&sp->lock);
1283 sn = sp_lookup(sp, idx, idx+1);
1285 mpol_get(sn->policy);
1288 spin_unlock(&sp->lock);
1292 static void sp_delete(struct shared_policy *sp, struct sp_node *n)
1294 PDprintk("deleting %lx-l%x\n", n->start, n->end);
1295 rb_erase(&n->nd, &sp->root);
1296 mpol_free(n->policy);
1297 kmem_cache_free(sn_cache, n);
1301 sp_alloc(unsigned long start, unsigned long end, struct mempolicy *pol)
1303 struct sp_node *n = kmem_cache_alloc(sn_cache, GFP_KERNEL);
1314 /* Replace a policy range. */
1315 static int shared_policy_replace(struct shared_policy *sp, unsigned long start,
1316 unsigned long end, struct sp_node *new)
1318 struct sp_node *n, *new2 = NULL;
1321 spin_lock(&sp->lock);
1322 n = sp_lookup(sp, start, end);
1323 /* Take care of old policies in the same range. */
1324 while (n && n->start < end) {
1325 struct rb_node *next = rb_next(&n->nd);
1326 if (n->start >= start) {
1332 /* Old policy spanning whole new range. */
1335 spin_unlock(&sp->lock);
1336 new2 = sp_alloc(end, n->end, n->policy);
1342 sp_insert(sp, new2);
1350 n = rb_entry(next, struct sp_node, nd);
1354 spin_unlock(&sp->lock);
1356 mpol_free(new2->policy);
1357 kmem_cache_free(sn_cache, new2);
1362 void mpol_shared_policy_init(struct shared_policy *info, int policy,
1363 nodemask_t *policy_nodes)
1365 info->root = RB_ROOT;
1366 spin_lock_init(&info->lock);
1368 if (policy != MPOL_DEFAULT) {
1369 struct mempolicy *newpol;
1371 /* Falls back to MPOL_DEFAULT on any error */
1372 newpol = mpol_new(policy, policy_nodes);
1373 if (!IS_ERR(newpol)) {
1374 /* Create pseudo-vma that contains just the policy */
1375 struct vm_area_struct pvma;
1377 memset(&pvma, 0, sizeof(struct vm_area_struct));
1378 /* Policy covers entire file */
1379 pvma.vm_end = TASK_SIZE;
1380 mpol_set_shared_policy(info, &pvma, newpol);
1386 int mpol_set_shared_policy(struct shared_policy *info,
1387 struct vm_area_struct *vma, struct mempolicy *npol)
1390 struct sp_node *new = NULL;
1391 unsigned long sz = vma_pages(vma);
1393 PDprintk("set_shared_policy %lx sz %lu %d %lx\n",
1395 sz, npol? npol->policy : -1,
1396 npol ? nodes_addr(npol->v.nodes)[0] : -1);
1399 new = sp_alloc(vma->vm_pgoff, vma->vm_pgoff + sz, npol);
1403 err = shared_policy_replace(info, vma->vm_pgoff, vma->vm_pgoff+sz, new);
1405 kmem_cache_free(sn_cache, new);
1409 /* Free a backing policy store on inode delete. */
1410 void mpol_free_shared_policy(struct shared_policy *p)
1413 struct rb_node *next;
1415 if (!p->root.rb_node)
1417 spin_lock(&p->lock);
1418 next = rb_first(&p->root);
1420 n = rb_entry(next, struct sp_node, nd);
1421 next = rb_next(&n->nd);
1422 rb_erase(&n->nd, &p->root);
1423 mpol_free(n->policy);
1424 kmem_cache_free(sn_cache, n);
1426 spin_unlock(&p->lock);
1429 /* assumes fs == KERNEL_DS */
1430 void __init numa_policy_init(void)
1432 policy_cache = kmem_cache_create("numa_policy",
1433 sizeof(struct mempolicy),
1434 0, SLAB_PANIC, NULL, NULL);
1436 sn_cache = kmem_cache_create("shared_policy_node",
1437 sizeof(struct sp_node),
1438 0, SLAB_PANIC, NULL, NULL);
1440 /* Set interleaving policy for system init. This way not all
1441 the data structures allocated at system boot end up in node zero. */
1443 if (do_set_mempolicy(MPOL_INTERLEAVE, &node_online_map))
1444 printk("numa_policy_init: interleaving failed\n");
1447 /* Reset policy of current process to default */
1448 void numa_default_policy(void)
1450 do_set_mempolicy(MPOL_DEFAULT, NULL);
1453 /* Migrate a policy to a different set of nodes */
1454 void mpol_rebind_policy(struct mempolicy *pol, const nodemask_t *newmask)
1456 nodemask_t *mpolmask;
1461 mpolmask = &pol->cpuset_mems_allowed;
1462 if (nodes_equal(*mpolmask, *newmask))
1465 switch (pol->policy) {
1468 case MPOL_INTERLEAVE:
1469 nodes_remap(tmp, pol->v.nodes, *mpolmask, *newmask);
1471 *mpolmask = *newmask;
1472 current->il_next = node_remap(current->il_next,
1473 *mpolmask, *newmask);
1475 case MPOL_PREFERRED:
1476 pol->v.preferred_node = node_remap(pol->v.preferred_node,
1477 *mpolmask, *newmask);
1478 *mpolmask = *newmask;
1483 struct zonelist *zonelist;
1486 for (z = pol->v.zonelist->zones; *z; z++)
1487 node_set((*z)->zone_pgdat->node_id, nodes);
1488 nodes_remap(tmp, nodes, *mpolmask, *newmask);
1491 zonelist = bind_zonelist(&nodes);
1493 /* If no mem, then zonelist is NULL and we keep old zonelist.
1494 * If that old zonelist has no remaining mems_allowed nodes,
1495 * then zonelist_policy() will "FALL THROUGH" to MPOL_DEFAULT.
1499 /* Good - got mem - substitute new zonelist */
1500 kfree(pol->v.zonelist);
1501 pol->v.zonelist = zonelist;
1503 *mpolmask = *newmask;
1513 * Wrapper for mpol_rebind_policy() that just requires task
1514 * pointer, and updates task mempolicy.
1517 void mpol_rebind_task(struct task_struct *tsk, const nodemask_t *new)
1519 mpol_rebind_policy(tsk->mempolicy, new);
1523 * Rebind each vma in mm to new nodemask.
1525 * Call holding a reference to mm. Takes mm->mmap_sem during call.
1528 void mpol_rebind_mm(struct mm_struct *mm, nodemask_t *new)
1530 struct vm_area_struct *vma;
1532 down_write(&mm->mmap_sem);
1533 for (vma = mm->mmap; vma; vma = vma->vm_next)
1534 mpol_rebind_policy(vma->vm_policy, new);
1535 up_write(&mm->mmap_sem);
1539 * Display pages allocated per node and memory policy via /proc.
1542 static const char *policy_types[] = { "default", "prefer", "bind",
1546 * Convert a mempolicy into a string.
1547 * Returns the number of characters in buffer (if positive)
1548 * or an error (negative)
1550 static inline int mpol_to_str(char *buffer, int maxlen, struct mempolicy *pol)
1555 int mode = pol ? pol->policy : MPOL_DEFAULT;
1562 case MPOL_PREFERRED:
1564 node_set(pol->v.preferred_node, nodes);
1568 get_zonemask(pol, &nodes);
1571 case MPOL_INTERLEAVE:
1572 nodes = pol->v.nodes;
1580 l = strlen(policy_types[mode]);
1581 if (buffer + maxlen < p + l + 1)
1584 strcpy(p, policy_types[mode]);
1587 if (!nodes_empty(nodes)) {
1588 if (buffer + maxlen < p + 2)
1591 p += nodelist_scnprintf(p, buffer + maxlen - p, nodes);
1597 unsigned long pages;
1599 unsigned long mapped;
1600 unsigned long mapcount_max;
1601 unsigned long node[MAX_NUMNODES];
1604 static void gather_stats(struct page *page, void *private)
1606 struct numa_maps *md = private;
1607 int count = page_mapcount(page);
1612 if (count > md->mapcount_max)
1613 md->mapcount_max = count;
1620 md->node[page_to_nid(page)]++;
1624 int show_numa_map(struct seq_file *m, void *v)
1626 struct task_struct *task = m->private;
1627 struct vm_area_struct *vma = v;
1628 struct numa_maps *md;
1635 md = kzalloc(sizeof(struct numa_maps), GFP_KERNEL);
1639 check_pgd_range(vma, vma->vm_start, vma->vm_end,
1640 &node_online_map, MPOL_MF_STATS, md);
1643 mpol_to_str(buffer, sizeof(buffer),
1644 get_vma_policy(task, vma, vma->vm_start));
1646 seq_printf(m, "%08lx %s pages=%lu mapped=%lu maxref=%lu",
1647 vma->vm_start, buffer, md->pages,
1648 md->mapped, md->mapcount_max);
1651 seq_printf(m," anon=%lu",md->anon);
1653 for_each_online_node(n)
1655 seq_printf(m, " N%d=%lu", n, md->node[n]);
1661 if (m->count < m->size)
1662 m->version = (vma != get_gate_vma(task)) ? vma->vm_start : 0;