2 * Simple NUMA memory policy for the Linux kernel.
4 * Copyright 2003,2004 Andi Kleen, SuSE Labs.
5 * (C) Copyright 2005 Christoph Lameter, Silicon Graphics, Inc.
6 * Subject to the GNU Public License, version 2.
8 * NUMA policy allows the user to give hints in which node(s) memory should
11 * Support four policies per VMA and per process:
13 * The VMA policy has priority over the process policy for a page fault.
15 * interleave Allocate memory interleaved over a set of nodes,
16 * with normal fallback if it fails.
17 * For VMA based allocations this interleaves based on the
18 * offset into the backing object or offset into the mapping
19 * for anonymous memory. For process policy an process counter
22 * bind Only allocate memory on a specific set of nodes,
24 * FIXME: memory is allocated starting with the first node
25 * to the last. It would be better if bind would truly restrict
26 * the allocation to memory nodes instead
28 * preferred Try a specific node first before normal fallback.
29 * As a special case node -1 here means do the allocation
30 * on the local CPU. This is normally identical to default,
31 * but useful to set in a VMA when you have a non default
34 * default Allocate on the local node first, or when on a VMA
35 * use the process policy. This is what Linux always did
36 * in a NUMA aware kernel and still does by, ahem, default.
38 * The process policy is applied for most non interrupt memory allocations
39 * in that process' context. Interrupts ignore the policies and always
40 * try to allocate on the local CPU. The VMA policy is only applied for memory
41 * allocations for a VMA in the VM.
43 * Currently there are a few corner cases in swapping where the policy
44 * is not applied, but the majority should be handled. When process policy
45 * is used it is not remembered over swap outs/swap ins.
47 * Only the highest zone in the zone hierarchy gets policied. Allocations
48 * requesting a lower zone just use default policy. This implies that
49 * on systems with highmem kernel lowmem allocation don't get policied.
50 * Same with GFP_DMA allocations.
52 * For shmfs/tmpfs/hugetlbfs shared memory the policy is shared between
53 * all users and remembered even when nobody has memory mapped.
57 fix mmap readahead to honour policy and enable policy for any page cache
59 statistics for bigpages
60 global policy for page cache? currently it uses process policy. Requires
62 handle mremap for shared memory (currently ignored for the policy)
64 make bind policy root only? It can trigger oom much faster and the
65 kernel is not always grateful with that.
66 could replace all the switch()es with a mempolicy_ops structure.
69 #include <linux/mempolicy.h>
71 #include <linux/highmem.h>
72 #include <linux/hugetlb.h>
73 #include <linux/kernel.h>
74 #include <linux/sched.h>
76 #include <linux/nodemask.h>
77 #include <linux/cpuset.h>
78 #include <linux/gfp.h>
79 #include <linux/slab.h>
80 #include <linux/string.h>
81 #include <linux/module.h>
82 #include <linux/interrupt.h>
83 #include <linux/init.h>
84 #include <linux/compat.h>
85 #include <linux/mempolicy.h>
86 #include <linux/swap.h>
87 #include <linux/seq_file.h>
88 #include <linux/proc_fs.h>
90 #include <asm/tlbflush.h>
91 #include <asm/uaccess.h>
94 #define MPOL_MF_DISCONTIG_OK (MPOL_MF_INTERNAL << 0) /* Skip checks for continuous vmas */
95 #define MPOL_MF_INVERT (MPOL_MF_INTERNAL << 1) /* Invert check for nodemask */
96 #define MPOL_MF_STATS (MPOL_MF_INTERNAL << 2) /* Gather statistics */
98 static kmem_cache_t *policy_cache;
99 static kmem_cache_t *sn_cache;
101 #define PDprintk(fmt...)
103 /* Highest zone. An specific allocation for a zone below that is not
105 int policy_zone = ZONE_DMA;
107 struct mempolicy default_policy = {
108 .refcnt = ATOMIC_INIT(1), /* never free it */
109 .policy = MPOL_DEFAULT,
112 /* Do sanity checking on a policy */
113 static int mpol_check_policy(int mode, nodemask_t *nodes)
115 int empty = nodes_empty(*nodes);
123 case MPOL_INTERLEAVE:
124 /* Preferred will only use the first bit, but allow
130 return nodes_subset(*nodes, node_online_map) ? 0 : -EINVAL;
132 /* Generate a custom zonelist for the BIND policy. */
133 static struct zonelist *bind_zonelist(nodemask_t *nodes)
138 max = 1 + MAX_NR_ZONES * nodes_weight(*nodes);
139 zl = kmalloc(sizeof(void *) * max, GFP_KERNEL);
143 for_each_node_mask(nd, *nodes)
144 zl->zones[num++] = &NODE_DATA(nd)->node_zones[policy_zone];
145 zl->zones[num] = NULL;
149 /* Create a new policy */
150 static struct mempolicy *mpol_new(int mode, nodemask_t *nodes)
152 struct mempolicy *policy;
154 PDprintk("setting mode %d nodes[0] %lx\n", mode, nodes_addr(*nodes)[0]);
155 if (mode == MPOL_DEFAULT)
157 policy = kmem_cache_alloc(policy_cache, GFP_KERNEL);
159 return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
160 atomic_set(&policy->refcnt, 1);
162 case MPOL_INTERLEAVE:
163 policy->v.nodes = *nodes;
164 if (nodes_weight(*nodes) == 0) {
165 kmem_cache_free(policy_cache, policy);
166 return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
170 policy->v.preferred_node = first_node(*nodes);
171 if (policy->v.preferred_node >= MAX_NUMNODES)
172 policy->v.preferred_node = -1;
175 policy->v.zonelist = bind_zonelist(nodes);
176 if (policy->v.zonelist == NULL) {
177 kmem_cache_free(policy_cache, policy);
178 return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
182 policy->policy = mode;
186 static void gather_stats(struct page *, void *);
187 static void migrate_page_add(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
188 struct page *page, struct list_head *pagelist, unsigned long flags);
190 /* Scan through pages checking if pages follow certain conditions. */
191 static int check_pte_range(struct vm_area_struct *vma, pmd_t *pmd,
192 unsigned long addr, unsigned long end,
193 const nodemask_t *nodes, unsigned long flags,
200 orig_pte = pte = pte_offset_map_lock(vma->vm_mm, pmd, addr, &ptl);
205 if (!pte_present(*pte))
207 page = vm_normal_page(vma, addr, *pte);
210 nid = page_to_nid(page);
211 if (node_isset(nid, *nodes) == !!(flags & MPOL_MF_INVERT))
214 if (flags & MPOL_MF_STATS)
215 gather_stats(page, private);
216 else if (flags & (MPOL_MF_MOVE | MPOL_MF_MOVE_ALL)) {
218 migrate_page_add(vma, page, private, flags);
223 } while (pte++, addr += PAGE_SIZE, addr != end);
224 pte_unmap_unlock(orig_pte, ptl);
228 static inline int check_pmd_range(struct vm_area_struct *vma, pud_t *pud,
229 unsigned long addr, unsigned long end,
230 const nodemask_t *nodes, unsigned long flags,
236 pmd = pmd_offset(pud, addr);
238 next = pmd_addr_end(addr, end);
239 if (pmd_none_or_clear_bad(pmd))
241 if (check_pte_range(vma, pmd, addr, next, nodes,
244 } while (pmd++, addr = next, addr != end);
248 static inline int check_pud_range(struct vm_area_struct *vma, pgd_t *pgd,
249 unsigned long addr, unsigned long end,
250 const nodemask_t *nodes, unsigned long flags,
256 pud = pud_offset(pgd, addr);
258 next = pud_addr_end(addr, end);
259 if (pud_none_or_clear_bad(pud))
261 if (check_pmd_range(vma, pud, addr, next, nodes,
264 } while (pud++, addr = next, addr != end);
268 static inline int check_pgd_range(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
269 unsigned long addr, unsigned long end,
270 const nodemask_t *nodes, unsigned long flags,
276 pgd = pgd_offset(vma->vm_mm, addr);
278 next = pgd_addr_end(addr, end);
279 if (pgd_none_or_clear_bad(pgd))
281 if (check_pud_range(vma, pgd, addr, next, nodes,
284 } while (pgd++, addr = next, addr != end);
288 /* Check if a vma is migratable */
289 static inline int vma_migratable(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
291 if (vma->vm_flags & (
292 VM_LOCKED|VM_IO|VM_HUGETLB|VM_PFNMAP))
298 * Check if all pages in a range are on a set of nodes.
299 * If pagelist != NULL then isolate pages from the LRU and
300 * put them on the pagelist.
302 static struct vm_area_struct *
303 check_range(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long start, unsigned long end,
304 const nodemask_t *nodes, unsigned long flags, void *private)
307 struct vm_area_struct *first, *vma, *prev;
309 first = find_vma(mm, start);
311 return ERR_PTR(-EFAULT);
313 for (vma = first; vma && vma->vm_start < end; vma = vma->vm_next) {
314 if (!(flags & MPOL_MF_DISCONTIG_OK)) {
315 if (!vma->vm_next && vma->vm_end < end)
316 return ERR_PTR(-EFAULT);
317 if (prev && prev->vm_end < vma->vm_start)
318 return ERR_PTR(-EFAULT);
320 if (!is_vm_hugetlb_page(vma) &&
321 ((flags & MPOL_MF_STRICT) ||
322 ((flags & (MPOL_MF_MOVE | MPOL_MF_MOVE_ALL)) &&
323 vma_migratable(vma)))) {
324 unsigned long endvma = vma->vm_end;
328 if (vma->vm_start > start)
329 start = vma->vm_start;
330 err = check_pgd_range(vma, start, endvma, nodes,
333 first = ERR_PTR(err);
342 /* Apply policy to a single VMA */
343 static int policy_vma(struct vm_area_struct *vma, struct mempolicy *new)
346 struct mempolicy *old = vma->vm_policy;
348 PDprintk("vma %lx-%lx/%lx vm_ops %p vm_file %p set_policy %p\n",
349 vma->vm_start, vma->vm_end, vma->vm_pgoff,
350 vma->vm_ops, vma->vm_file,
351 vma->vm_ops ? vma->vm_ops->set_policy : NULL);
353 if (vma->vm_ops && vma->vm_ops->set_policy)
354 err = vma->vm_ops->set_policy(vma, new);
357 vma->vm_policy = new;
363 /* Step 2: apply policy to a range and do splits. */
364 static int mbind_range(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long start,
365 unsigned long end, struct mempolicy *new)
367 struct vm_area_struct *next;
371 for (; vma && vma->vm_start < end; vma = next) {
373 if (vma->vm_start < start)
374 err = split_vma(vma->vm_mm, vma, start, 1);
375 if (!err && vma->vm_end > end)
376 err = split_vma(vma->vm_mm, vma, end, 0);
378 err = policy_vma(vma, new);
385 static int contextualize_policy(int mode, nodemask_t *nodes)
390 cpuset_update_task_memory_state();
391 if (!cpuset_nodes_subset_current_mems_allowed(*nodes))
393 return mpol_check_policy(mode, nodes);
396 /* Set the process memory policy */
397 long do_set_mempolicy(int mode, nodemask_t *nodes)
399 struct mempolicy *new;
401 if (contextualize_policy(mode, nodes))
403 new = mpol_new(mode, nodes);
406 mpol_free(current->mempolicy);
407 current->mempolicy = new;
408 if (new && new->policy == MPOL_INTERLEAVE)
409 current->il_next = first_node(new->v.nodes);
413 /* Fill a zone bitmap for a policy */
414 static void get_zonemask(struct mempolicy *p, nodemask_t *nodes)
421 for (i = 0; p->v.zonelist->zones[i]; i++)
422 node_set(p->v.zonelist->zones[i]->zone_pgdat->node_id,
427 case MPOL_INTERLEAVE:
431 /* or use current node instead of online map? */
432 if (p->v.preferred_node < 0)
433 *nodes = node_online_map;
435 node_set(p->v.preferred_node, *nodes);
442 static int lookup_node(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long addr)
447 err = get_user_pages(current, mm, addr & PAGE_MASK, 1, 0, 0, &p, NULL);
449 err = page_to_nid(p);
455 /* Retrieve NUMA policy */
456 long do_get_mempolicy(int *policy, nodemask_t *nmask,
457 unsigned long addr, unsigned long flags)
460 struct mm_struct *mm = current->mm;
461 struct vm_area_struct *vma = NULL;
462 struct mempolicy *pol = current->mempolicy;
464 cpuset_update_task_memory_state();
465 if (flags & ~(unsigned long)(MPOL_F_NODE|MPOL_F_ADDR))
467 if (flags & MPOL_F_ADDR) {
468 down_read(&mm->mmap_sem);
469 vma = find_vma_intersection(mm, addr, addr+1);
471 up_read(&mm->mmap_sem);
474 if (vma->vm_ops && vma->vm_ops->get_policy)
475 pol = vma->vm_ops->get_policy(vma, addr);
477 pol = vma->vm_policy;
482 pol = &default_policy;
484 if (flags & MPOL_F_NODE) {
485 if (flags & MPOL_F_ADDR) {
486 err = lookup_node(mm, addr);
490 } else if (pol == current->mempolicy &&
491 pol->policy == MPOL_INTERLEAVE) {
492 *policy = current->il_next;
498 *policy = pol->policy;
501 up_read(¤t->mm->mmap_sem);
507 get_zonemask(pol, nmask);
511 up_read(¤t->mm->mmap_sem);
519 /* Check if we are the only process mapping the page in question */
520 static inline int single_mm_mapping(struct mm_struct *mm,
521 struct address_space *mapping)
523 struct vm_area_struct *vma;
524 struct prio_tree_iter iter;
527 spin_lock(&mapping->i_mmap_lock);
528 vma_prio_tree_foreach(vma, &iter, &mapping->i_mmap, 0, ULONG_MAX)
529 if (mm != vma->vm_mm) {
533 list_for_each_entry(vma, &mapping->i_mmap_nonlinear, shared.vm_set.list)
534 if (mm != vma->vm_mm) {
539 spin_unlock(&mapping->i_mmap_lock);
544 * Add a page to be migrated to the pagelist
546 static void migrate_page_add(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
547 struct page *page, struct list_head *pagelist, unsigned long flags)
550 * Avoid migrating a page that is shared by others and not writable.
552 if ((flags & MPOL_MF_MOVE_ALL) || !page->mapping || PageAnon(page) ||
553 mapping_writably_mapped(page->mapping) ||
554 single_mm_mapping(vma->vm_mm, page->mapping)) {
555 int rc = isolate_lru_page(page);
558 list_add(&page->lru, pagelist);
560 * If the isolate attempt was not successful then we just
561 * encountered an unswappable page. Something must be wrong.
567 static int swap_pages(struct list_head *pagelist)
573 n = migrate_pages(pagelist, NULL, &moved, &failed);
574 putback_lru_pages(&failed);
575 putback_lru_pages(&moved);
581 * For now migrate_pages simply swaps out the pages from nodes that are in
582 * the source set but not in the target set. In the future, we would
583 * want a function that moves pages between the two nodesets in such
584 * a way as to preserve the physical layout as much as possible.
586 * Returns the number of page that could not be moved.
588 int do_migrate_pages(struct mm_struct *mm,
589 const nodemask_t *from_nodes, const nodemask_t *to_nodes, int flags)
595 nodes_andnot(nodes, *from_nodes, *to_nodes);
597 down_read(&mm->mmap_sem);
598 check_range(mm, mm->mmap->vm_start, TASK_SIZE, &nodes,
599 flags | MPOL_MF_DISCONTIG_OK, &pagelist);
601 if (!list_empty(&pagelist)) {
602 count = swap_pages(&pagelist);
603 putback_lru_pages(&pagelist);
606 up_read(&mm->mmap_sem);
610 long do_mbind(unsigned long start, unsigned long len,
611 unsigned long mode, nodemask_t *nmask, unsigned long flags)
613 struct vm_area_struct *vma;
614 struct mm_struct *mm = current->mm;
615 struct mempolicy *new;
620 if ((flags & ~(unsigned long)(MPOL_MF_STRICT |
621 MPOL_MF_MOVE | MPOL_MF_MOVE_ALL))
624 if ((flags & MPOL_MF_MOVE_ALL) && !capable(CAP_SYS_RESOURCE))
627 if (start & ~PAGE_MASK)
630 if (mode == MPOL_DEFAULT)
631 flags &= ~MPOL_MF_STRICT;
633 len = (len + PAGE_SIZE - 1) & PAGE_MASK;
641 if (mpol_check_policy(mode, nmask))
644 new = mpol_new(mode, nmask);
649 * If we are using the default policy then operation
650 * on discontinuous address spaces is okay after all
653 flags |= MPOL_MF_DISCONTIG_OK;
655 PDprintk("mbind %lx-%lx mode:%ld nodes:%lx\n",start,start+len,
656 mode,nodes_addr(nodes)[0]);
658 down_write(&mm->mmap_sem);
659 vma = check_range(mm, start, end, nmask,
660 flags | MPOL_MF_INVERT, &pagelist);
666 err = mbind_range(vma, start, end, new);
667 if (!list_empty(&pagelist))
668 nr_failed = swap_pages(&pagelist);
670 if (!err && nr_failed && (flags & MPOL_MF_STRICT))
673 if (!list_empty(&pagelist))
674 putback_lru_pages(&pagelist);
676 up_write(&mm->mmap_sem);
682 * User space interface with variable sized bitmaps for nodelists.
685 /* Copy a node mask from user space. */
686 static int get_nodes(nodemask_t *nodes, const unsigned long __user *nmask,
687 unsigned long maxnode)
690 unsigned long nlongs;
691 unsigned long endmask;
695 if (maxnode == 0 || !nmask)
698 nlongs = BITS_TO_LONGS(maxnode);
699 if ((maxnode % BITS_PER_LONG) == 0)
702 endmask = (1UL << (maxnode % BITS_PER_LONG)) - 1;
704 /* When the user specified more nodes than supported just check
705 if the non supported part is all zero. */
706 if (nlongs > BITS_TO_LONGS(MAX_NUMNODES)) {
707 if (nlongs > PAGE_SIZE/sizeof(long))
709 for (k = BITS_TO_LONGS(MAX_NUMNODES); k < nlongs; k++) {
711 if (get_user(t, nmask + k))
713 if (k == nlongs - 1) {
719 nlongs = BITS_TO_LONGS(MAX_NUMNODES);
723 if (copy_from_user(nodes_addr(*nodes), nmask, nlongs*sizeof(unsigned long)))
725 nodes_addr(*nodes)[nlongs-1] &= endmask;
729 /* Copy a kernel node mask to user space */
730 static int copy_nodes_to_user(unsigned long __user *mask, unsigned long maxnode,
733 unsigned long copy = ALIGN(maxnode-1, 64) / 8;
734 const int nbytes = BITS_TO_LONGS(MAX_NUMNODES) * sizeof(long);
737 if (copy > PAGE_SIZE)
739 if (clear_user((char __user *)mask + nbytes, copy - nbytes))
743 return copy_to_user(mask, nodes_addr(*nodes), copy) ? -EFAULT : 0;
746 asmlinkage long sys_mbind(unsigned long start, unsigned long len,
748 unsigned long __user *nmask, unsigned long maxnode,
754 err = get_nodes(&nodes, nmask, maxnode);
757 return do_mbind(start, len, mode, &nodes, flags);
760 /* Set the process memory policy */
761 asmlinkage long sys_set_mempolicy(int mode, unsigned long __user *nmask,
762 unsigned long maxnode)
767 if (mode < 0 || mode > MPOL_MAX)
769 err = get_nodes(&nodes, nmask, maxnode);
772 return do_set_mempolicy(mode, &nodes);
775 /* Macro needed until Paul implements this function in kernel/cpusets.c */
776 #define cpuset_mems_allowed(task) node_online_map
778 asmlinkage long sys_migrate_pages(pid_t pid, unsigned long maxnode,
779 const unsigned long __user *old_nodes,
780 const unsigned long __user *new_nodes)
782 struct mm_struct *mm;
783 struct task_struct *task;
786 nodemask_t task_nodes;
789 err = get_nodes(&old, old_nodes, maxnode);
793 err = get_nodes(&new, new_nodes, maxnode);
797 /* Find the mm_struct */
798 read_lock(&tasklist_lock);
799 task = pid ? find_task_by_pid(pid) : current;
801 read_unlock(&tasklist_lock);
804 mm = get_task_mm(task);
805 read_unlock(&tasklist_lock);
811 * Check if this process has the right to modify the specified
812 * process. The right exists if the process has administrative
813 * capabilities, superuser priviledges or the same
814 * userid as the target process.
816 if ((current->euid != task->suid) && (current->euid != task->uid) &&
817 (current->uid != task->suid) && (current->uid != task->uid) &&
818 !capable(CAP_SYS_ADMIN)) {
823 task_nodes = cpuset_mems_allowed(task);
824 /* Is the user allowed to access the target nodes? */
825 if (!nodes_subset(new, task_nodes) && !capable(CAP_SYS_ADMIN)) {
830 err = do_migrate_pages(mm, &old, &new, MPOL_MF_MOVE);
837 /* Retrieve NUMA policy */
838 asmlinkage long sys_get_mempolicy(int __user *policy,
839 unsigned long __user *nmask,
840 unsigned long maxnode,
841 unsigned long addr, unsigned long flags)
846 if (nmask != NULL && maxnode < MAX_NUMNODES)
849 err = do_get_mempolicy(&pval, &nodes, addr, flags);
854 if (policy && put_user(pval, policy))
858 err = copy_nodes_to_user(nmask, maxnode, &nodes);
865 asmlinkage long compat_sys_get_mempolicy(int __user *policy,
866 compat_ulong_t __user *nmask,
867 compat_ulong_t maxnode,
868 compat_ulong_t addr, compat_ulong_t flags)
871 unsigned long __user *nm = NULL;
872 unsigned long nr_bits, alloc_size;
873 DECLARE_BITMAP(bm, MAX_NUMNODES);
875 nr_bits = min_t(unsigned long, maxnode-1, MAX_NUMNODES);
876 alloc_size = ALIGN(nr_bits, BITS_PER_LONG) / 8;
879 nm = compat_alloc_user_space(alloc_size);
881 err = sys_get_mempolicy(policy, nm, nr_bits+1, addr, flags);
884 err = copy_from_user(bm, nm, alloc_size);
885 /* ensure entire bitmap is zeroed */
886 err |= clear_user(nmask, ALIGN(maxnode-1, 8) / 8);
887 err |= compat_put_bitmap(nmask, bm, nr_bits);
893 asmlinkage long compat_sys_set_mempolicy(int mode, compat_ulong_t __user *nmask,
894 compat_ulong_t maxnode)
897 unsigned long __user *nm = NULL;
898 unsigned long nr_bits, alloc_size;
899 DECLARE_BITMAP(bm, MAX_NUMNODES);
901 nr_bits = min_t(unsigned long, maxnode-1, MAX_NUMNODES);
902 alloc_size = ALIGN(nr_bits, BITS_PER_LONG) / 8;
905 err = compat_get_bitmap(bm, nmask, nr_bits);
906 nm = compat_alloc_user_space(alloc_size);
907 err |= copy_to_user(nm, bm, alloc_size);
913 return sys_set_mempolicy(mode, nm, nr_bits+1);
916 asmlinkage long compat_sys_mbind(compat_ulong_t start, compat_ulong_t len,
917 compat_ulong_t mode, compat_ulong_t __user *nmask,
918 compat_ulong_t maxnode, compat_ulong_t flags)
921 unsigned long __user *nm = NULL;
922 unsigned long nr_bits, alloc_size;
925 nr_bits = min_t(unsigned long, maxnode-1, MAX_NUMNODES);
926 alloc_size = ALIGN(nr_bits, BITS_PER_LONG) / 8;
929 err = compat_get_bitmap(nodes_addr(bm), nmask, nr_bits);
930 nm = compat_alloc_user_space(alloc_size);
931 err |= copy_to_user(nm, nodes_addr(bm), alloc_size);
937 return sys_mbind(start, len, mode, nm, nr_bits+1, flags);
942 /* Return effective policy for a VMA */
943 static struct mempolicy * get_vma_policy(struct task_struct *task,
944 struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr)
946 struct mempolicy *pol = task->mempolicy;
949 if (vma->vm_ops && vma->vm_ops->get_policy)
950 pol = vma->vm_ops->get_policy(vma, addr);
951 else if (vma->vm_policy &&
952 vma->vm_policy->policy != MPOL_DEFAULT)
953 pol = vma->vm_policy;
956 pol = &default_policy;
960 /* Return a zonelist representing a mempolicy */
961 static struct zonelist *zonelist_policy(gfp_t gfp, struct mempolicy *policy)
965 switch (policy->policy) {
967 nd = policy->v.preferred_node;
972 /* Lower zones don't get a policy applied */
973 /* Careful: current->mems_allowed might have moved */
974 if (gfp_zone(gfp) >= policy_zone)
975 if (cpuset_zonelist_valid_mems_allowed(policy->v.zonelist))
976 return policy->v.zonelist;
978 case MPOL_INTERLEAVE: /* should not happen */
986 return NODE_DATA(nd)->node_zonelists + gfp_zone(gfp);
989 /* Do dynamic interleaving for a process */
990 static unsigned interleave_nodes(struct mempolicy *policy)
993 struct task_struct *me = current;
996 next = next_node(nid, policy->v.nodes);
997 if (next >= MAX_NUMNODES)
998 next = first_node(policy->v.nodes);
1003 /* Do static interleaving for a VMA with known offset. */
1004 static unsigned offset_il_node(struct mempolicy *pol,
1005 struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long off)
1007 unsigned nnodes = nodes_weight(pol->v.nodes);
1008 unsigned target = (unsigned)off % nnodes;
1014 nid = next_node(nid, pol->v.nodes);
1016 } while (c <= target);
1020 /* Determine a node number for interleave */
1021 static inline unsigned interleave_nid(struct mempolicy *pol,
1022 struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr, int shift)
1027 off = vma->vm_pgoff;
1028 off += (addr - vma->vm_start) >> shift;
1029 return offset_il_node(pol, vma, off);
1031 return interleave_nodes(pol);
1034 /* Return a zonelist suitable for a huge page allocation. */
1035 struct zonelist *huge_zonelist(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr)
1037 struct mempolicy *pol = get_vma_policy(current, vma, addr);
1039 if (pol->policy == MPOL_INTERLEAVE) {
1042 nid = interleave_nid(pol, vma, addr, HPAGE_SHIFT);
1043 return NODE_DATA(nid)->node_zonelists + gfp_zone(GFP_HIGHUSER);
1045 return zonelist_policy(GFP_HIGHUSER, pol);
1048 /* Allocate a page in interleaved policy.
1049 Own path because it needs to do special accounting. */
1050 static struct page *alloc_page_interleave(gfp_t gfp, unsigned order,
1053 struct zonelist *zl;
1056 zl = NODE_DATA(nid)->node_zonelists + gfp_zone(gfp);
1057 page = __alloc_pages(gfp, order, zl);
1058 if (page && page_zone(page) == zl->zones[0]) {
1059 zone_pcp(zl->zones[0],get_cpu())->interleave_hit++;
1066 * alloc_page_vma - Allocate a page for a VMA.
1069 * %GFP_USER user allocation.
1070 * %GFP_KERNEL kernel allocations,
1071 * %GFP_HIGHMEM highmem/user allocations,
1072 * %GFP_FS allocation should not call back into a file system.
1073 * %GFP_ATOMIC don't sleep.
1075 * @vma: Pointer to VMA or NULL if not available.
1076 * @addr: Virtual Address of the allocation. Must be inside the VMA.
1078 * This function allocates a page from the kernel page pool and applies
1079 * a NUMA policy associated with the VMA or the current process.
1080 * When VMA is not NULL caller must hold down_read on the mmap_sem of the
1081 * mm_struct of the VMA to prevent it from going away. Should be used for
1082 * all allocations for pages that will be mapped into
1083 * user space. Returns NULL when no page can be allocated.
1085 * Should be called with the mm_sem of the vma hold.
1088 alloc_page_vma(gfp_t gfp, struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr)
1090 struct mempolicy *pol = get_vma_policy(current, vma, addr);
1092 cpuset_update_task_memory_state();
1094 if (unlikely(pol->policy == MPOL_INTERLEAVE)) {
1097 nid = interleave_nid(pol, vma, addr, PAGE_SHIFT);
1098 return alloc_page_interleave(gfp, 0, nid);
1100 return __alloc_pages(gfp, 0, zonelist_policy(gfp, pol));
1104 * alloc_pages_current - Allocate pages.
1107 * %GFP_USER user allocation,
1108 * %GFP_KERNEL kernel allocation,
1109 * %GFP_HIGHMEM highmem allocation,
1110 * %GFP_FS don't call back into a file system.
1111 * %GFP_ATOMIC don't sleep.
1112 * @order: Power of two of allocation size in pages. 0 is a single page.
1114 * Allocate a page from the kernel page pool. When not in
1115 * interrupt context and apply the current process NUMA policy.
1116 * Returns NULL when no page can be allocated.
1118 * Don't call cpuset_update_task_memory_state() unless
1119 * 1) it's ok to take cpuset_sem (can WAIT), and
1120 * 2) allocating for current task (not interrupt).
1122 struct page *alloc_pages_current(gfp_t gfp, unsigned order)
1124 struct mempolicy *pol = current->mempolicy;
1126 if ((gfp & __GFP_WAIT) && !in_interrupt())
1127 cpuset_update_task_memory_state();
1128 if (!pol || in_interrupt())
1129 pol = &default_policy;
1130 if (pol->policy == MPOL_INTERLEAVE)
1131 return alloc_page_interleave(gfp, order, interleave_nodes(pol));
1132 return __alloc_pages(gfp, order, zonelist_policy(gfp, pol));
1134 EXPORT_SYMBOL(alloc_pages_current);
1136 /* Slow path of a mempolicy copy */
1137 struct mempolicy *__mpol_copy(struct mempolicy *old)
1139 struct mempolicy *new = kmem_cache_alloc(policy_cache, GFP_KERNEL);
1142 return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
1144 atomic_set(&new->refcnt, 1);
1145 if (new->policy == MPOL_BIND) {
1146 int sz = ksize(old->v.zonelist);
1147 new->v.zonelist = kmalloc(sz, SLAB_KERNEL);
1148 if (!new->v.zonelist) {
1149 kmem_cache_free(policy_cache, new);
1150 return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
1152 memcpy(new->v.zonelist, old->v.zonelist, sz);
1157 /* Slow path of a mempolicy comparison */
1158 int __mpol_equal(struct mempolicy *a, struct mempolicy *b)
1162 if (a->policy != b->policy)
1164 switch (a->policy) {
1167 case MPOL_INTERLEAVE:
1168 return nodes_equal(a->v.nodes, b->v.nodes);
1169 case MPOL_PREFERRED:
1170 return a->v.preferred_node == b->v.preferred_node;
1173 for (i = 0; a->v.zonelist->zones[i]; i++)
1174 if (a->v.zonelist->zones[i] != b->v.zonelist->zones[i])
1176 return b->v.zonelist->zones[i] == NULL;
1184 /* Slow path of a mpol destructor. */
1185 void __mpol_free(struct mempolicy *p)
1187 if (!atomic_dec_and_test(&p->refcnt))
1189 if (p->policy == MPOL_BIND)
1190 kfree(p->v.zonelist);
1191 p->policy = MPOL_DEFAULT;
1192 kmem_cache_free(policy_cache, p);
1196 * Shared memory backing store policy support.
1198 * Remember policies even when nobody has shared memory mapped.
1199 * The policies are kept in Red-Black tree linked from the inode.
1200 * They are protected by the sp->lock spinlock, which should be held
1201 * for any accesses to the tree.
1204 /* lookup first element intersecting start-end */
1205 /* Caller holds sp->lock */
1206 static struct sp_node *
1207 sp_lookup(struct shared_policy *sp, unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
1209 struct rb_node *n = sp->root.rb_node;
1212 struct sp_node *p = rb_entry(n, struct sp_node, nd);
1214 if (start >= p->end)
1216 else if (end <= p->start)
1224 struct sp_node *w = NULL;
1225 struct rb_node *prev = rb_prev(n);
1228 w = rb_entry(prev, struct sp_node, nd);
1229 if (w->end <= start)
1233 return rb_entry(n, struct sp_node, nd);
1236 /* Insert a new shared policy into the list. */
1237 /* Caller holds sp->lock */
1238 static void sp_insert(struct shared_policy *sp, struct sp_node *new)
1240 struct rb_node **p = &sp->root.rb_node;
1241 struct rb_node *parent = NULL;
1246 nd = rb_entry(parent, struct sp_node, nd);
1247 if (new->start < nd->start)
1249 else if (new->end > nd->end)
1250 p = &(*p)->rb_right;
1254 rb_link_node(&new->nd, parent, p);
1255 rb_insert_color(&new->nd, &sp->root);
1256 PDprintk("inserting %lx-%lx: %d\n", new->start, new->end,
1257 new->policy ? new->policy->policy : 0);
1260 /* Find shared policy intersecting idx */
1262 mpol_shared_policy_lookup(struct shared_policy *sp, unsigned long idx)
1264 struct mempolicy *pol = NULL;
1267 if (!sp->root.rb_node)
1269 spin_lock(&sp->lock);
1270 sn = sp_lookup(sp, idx, idx+1);
1272 mpol_get(sn->policy);
1275 spin_unlock(&sp->lock);
1279 static void sp_delete(struct shared_policy *sp, struct sp_node *n)
1281 PDprintk("deleting %lx-l%x\n", n->start, n->end);
1282 rb_erase(&n->nd, &sp->root);
1283 mpol_free(n->policy);
1284 kmem_cache_free(sn_cache, n);
1288 sp_alloc(unsigned long start, unsigned long end, struct mempolicy *pol)
1290 struct sp_node *n = kmem_cache_alloc(sn_cache, GFP_KERNEL);
1301 /* Replace a policy range. */
1302 static int shared_policy_replace(struct shared_policy *sp, unsigned long start,
1303 unsigned long end, struct sp_node *new)
1305 struct sp_node *n, *new2 = NULL;
1308 spin_lock(&sp->lock);
1309 n = sp_lookup(sp, start, end);
1310 /* Take care of old policies in the same range. */
1311 while (n && n->start < end) {
1312 struct rb_node *next = rb_next(&n->nd);
1313 if (n->start >= start) {
1319 /* Old policy spanning whole new range. */
1322 spin_unlock(&sp->lock);
1323 new2 = sp_alloc(end, n->end, n->policy);
1329 sp_insert(sp, new2);
1337 n = rb_entry(next, struct sp_node, nd);
1341 spin_unlock(&sp->lock);
1343 mpol_free(new2->policy);
1344 kmem_cache_free(sn_cache, new2);
1349 int mpol_set_shared_policy(struct shared_policy *info,
1350 struct vm_area_struct *vma, struct mempolicy *npol)
1353 struct sp_node *new = NULL;
1354 unsigned long sz = vma_pages(vma);
1356 PDprintk("set_shared_policy %lx sz %lu %d %lx\n",
1358 sz, npol? npol->policy : -1,
1359 npol ? nodes_addr(npol->v.nodes)[0] : -1);
1362 new = sp_alloc(vma->vm_pgoff, vma->vm_pgoff + sz, npol);
1366 err = shared_policy_replace(info, vma->vm_pgoff, vma->vm_pgoff+sz, new);
1368 kmem_cache_free(sn_cache, new);
1372 /* Free a backing policy store on inode delete. */
1373 void mpol_free_shared_policy(struct shared_policy *p)
1376 struct rb_node *next;
1378 if (!p->root.rb_node)
1380 spin_lock(&p->lock);
1381 next = rb_first(&p->root);
1383 n = rb_entry(next, struct sp_node, nd);
1384 next = rb_next(&n->nd);
1385 rb_erase(&n->nd, &p->root);
1386 mpol_free(n->policy);
1387 kmem_cache_free(sn_cache, n);
1389 spin_unlock(&p->lock);
1392 /* assumes fs == KERNEL_DS */
1393 void __init numa_policy_init(void)
1395 policy_cache = kmem_cache_create("numa_policy",
1396 sizeof(struct mempolicy),
1397 0, SLAB_PANIC, NULL, NULL);
1399 sn_cache = kmem_cache_create("shared_policy_node",
1400 sizeof(struct sp_node),
1401 0, SLAB_PANIC, NULL, NULL);
1403 /* Set interleaving policy for system init. This way not all
1404 the data structures allocated at system boot end up in node zero. */
1406 if (do_set_mempolicy(MPOL_INTERLEAVE, &node_online_map))
1407 printk("numa_policy_init: interleaving failed\n");
1410 /* Reset policy of current process to default */
1411 void numa_default_policy(void)
1413 do_set_mempolicy(MPOL_DEFAULT, NULL);
1416 /* Migrate a policy to a different set of nodes */
1417 static void rebind_policy(struct mempolicy *pol, const nodemask_t *old,
1418 const nodemask_t *new)
1425 switch (pol->policy) {
1428 case MPOL_INTERLEAVE:
1429 nodes_remap(tmp, pol->v.nodes, *old, *new);
1431 current->il_next = node_remap(current->il_next, *old, *new);
1433 case MPOL_PREFERRED:
1434 pol->v.preferred_node = node_remap(pol->v.preferred_node,
1440 struct zonelist *zonelist;
1443 for (z = pol->v.zonelist->zones; *z; z++)
1444 node_set((*z)->zone_pgdat->node_id, nodes);
1445 nodes_remap(tmp, nodes, *old, *new);
1448 zonelist = bind_zonelist(&nodes);
1450 /* If no mem, then zonelist is NULL and we keep old zonelist.
1451 * If that old zonelist has no remaining mems_allowed nodes,
1452 * then zonelist_policy() will "FALL THROUGH" to MPOL_DEFAULT.
1456 /* Good - got mem - substitute new zonelist */
1457 kfree(pol->v.zonelist);
1458 pol->v.zonelist = zonelist;
1469 * Someone moved this task to different nodes. Fixup mempolicies.
1471 * TODO - fixup current->mm->vma and shmfs/tmpfs/hugetlbfs policies as well,
1472 * once we have a cpuset mechanism to mark which cpuset subtree is migrating.
1474 void numa_policy_rebind(const nodemask_t *old, const nodemask_t *new)
1476 rebind_policy(current->mempolicy, old, new);
1480 * Display pages allocated per node and memory policy via /proc.
1483 static const char *policy_types[] = { "default", "prefer", "bind",
1487 * Convert a mempolicy into a string.
1488 * Returns the number of characters in buffer (if positive)
1489 * or an error (negative)
1491 static inline int mpol_to_str(char *buffer, int maxlen, struct mempolicy *pol)
1496 int mode = pol ? pol->policy : MPOL_DEFAULT;
1503 case MPOL_PREFERRED:
1505 node_set(pol->v.preferred_node, nodes);
1509 get_zonemask(pol, &nodes);
1512 case MPOL_INTERLEAVE:
1513 nodes = pol->v.nodes;
1521 l = strlen(policy_types[mode]);
1522 if (buffer + maxlen < p + l + 1)
1525 strcpy(p, policy_types[mode]);
1528 if (!nodes_empty(nodes)) {
1529 if (buffer + maxlen < p + 2)
1532 p += nodelist_scnprintf(p, buffer + maxlen - p, nodes);
1538 unsigned long pages;
1540 unsigned long mapped;
1541 unsigned long mapcount_max;
1542 unsigned long node[MAX_NUMNODES];
1545 static void gather_stats(struct page *page, void *private)
1547 struct numa_maps *md = private;
1548 int count = page_mapcount(page);
1553 if (count > md->mapcount_max)
1554 md->mapcount_max = count;
1561 md->node[page_to_nid(page)]++;
1565 int show_numa_map(struct seq_file *m, void *v)
1567 struct task_struct *task = m->private;
1568 struct vm_area_struct *vma = v;
1569 struct numa_maps *md;
1576 md = kzalloc(sizeof(struct numa_maps), GFP_KERNEL);
1580 check_pgd_range(vma, vma->vm_start, vma->vm_end,
1581 &node_online_map, MPOL_MF_STATS, md);
1584 mpol_to_str(buffer, sizeof(buffer),
1585 get_vma_policy(task, vma, vma->vm_start));
1587 seq_printf(m, "%08lx %s pages=%lu mapped=%lu maxref=%lu",
1588 vma->vm_start, buffer, md->pages,
1589 md->mapped, md->mapcount_max);
1592 seq_printf(m," anon=%lu",md->anon);
1594 for_each_online_node(n)
1596 seq_printf(m, " N%d=%lu", n, md->node[n]);
1602 if (m->count < m->size)
1603 m->version = (vma != get_gate_vma(task)) ? vma->vm_start : 0;