net/netfilter/xt_osf.c

   1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 2003+ Evgeniy Polyakov <zbr@ioremap.net>
   3  *
   4  *
   5  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
   6  * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   7  * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
   8  * (at your option) any later version.
   9  *
  10  * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  11  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  12  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
  13  * GNU General Public License for more details.
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  16  * along with this program; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  17  */
  18 #define pr_fmt(fmt) KBUILD_MODNAME ": " fmt
  19 #include <linux/module.h>
  20 #include <linux/kernel.h>
  21
  22 #include <linux/if.h>
  23 #include <linux/inetdevice.h>
  24 #include <linux/ip.h>
  25 #include <linux/list.h>
  26 #include <linux/rculist.h>
  27 #include <linux/skbuff.h>
  28 #include <linux/slab.h>
  29 #include <linux/tcp.h>
  30
  31 #include <net/ip.h>
  32 #include <net/tcp.h>
  33
  34 #include <linux/netfilter/nfnetlink.h>
  35 #include <linux/netfilter/x_tables.h>
  36 #include <net/netfilter/nf_log.h>
  37 #include <linux/netfilter/xt_osf.h>
  38
  39 struct xt_osf_finger {
  40         struct rcu_head                 rcu_head;
  41         struct list_head                finger_entry;
  42         struct xt_osf_user_finger       finger;
  43 };
  44
  45 enum osf_fmatch_states {
  46         /* Packet does not match the fingerprint */
  47         FMATCH_WRONG = 0,
  48         /* Packet matches the fingerprint */
  49         FMATCH_OK,
  50         /* Options do not match the fingerprint, but header does */
  51         FMATCH_OPT_WRONG,
  52 };
  53
  54 /*
  55  * Indexed by dont-fragment bit.
  56  * It is the only constant value in the fingerprint.
  57  */
  58 static struct list_head xt_osf_fingers[2];
  59
  60 static const struct nla_policy xt_osf_policy[OSF_ATTR_MAX + 1] = {
  61         [OSF_ATTR_FINGER]       = { .len = sizeof(struct xt_osf_user_finger) },
  62 };
  63
  64 static int xt_osf_add_callback(struct net *net, struct sock *ctnl,
  65                                struct sk_buff *skb, const struct nlmsghdr *nlh,
  66                                const struct nlattr * const osf_attrs[],
  67                                struct netlink_ext_ack *extack)
  68 {
  69         struct xt_osf_user_finger *f;
  70         struct xt_osf_finger *kf = NULL, *sf;
  71         int err = 0;
  72
  73         if (!osf_attrs[OSF_ATTR_FINGER])
  74                 return -EINVAL;
  75
  76         if (!(nlh->nlmsg_flags & NLM_F_CREATE))
  77                 return -EINVAL;
  78
  79         f = nla_data(osf_attrs[OSF_ATTR_FINGER]);
  80
  81         kf = kmalloc(sizeof(struct xt_osf_finger), GFP_KERNEL);
  82         if (!kf)
  83                 return -ENOMEM;
  84
  85         memcpy(&kf->finger, f, sizeof(struct xt_osf_user_finger));
  86
  87         list_for_each_entry(sf, &xt_osf_fingers[!!f->df], finger_entry) {
  88                 if (memcmp(&sf->finger, f, sizeof(struct xt_osf_user_finger)))
  89                         continue;
  90
  91                 kfree(kf);
  92                 kf = NULL;
  93
  94                 if (nlh->nlmsg_flags & NLM_F_EXCL)
  95                         err = -EEXIST;
  96                 break;
  97         }
  98
  99         /*
 100          * We are protected by nfnl mutex.
 101          */
 102         if (kf)
 103                 list_add_tail_rcu(&kf->finger_entry, &xt_osf_fingers[!!f->df]);
 104
 105         return err;
 106 }
 107
 108 static int xt_osf_remove_callback(struct net *net, struct sock *ctnl,
 109                                   struct sk_buff *skb,
 110                                   const struct nlmsghdr *nlh,
 111                                   const struct nlattr * const osf_attrs[],
 112                                   struct netlink_ext_ack *extack)
 113 {
 114         struct xt_osf_user_finger *f;
 115         struct xt_osf_finger *sf;
 116         int err = -ENOENT;
 117
 118         if (!osf_attrs[OSF_ATTR_FINGER])
 119                 return -EINVAL;
 120
 121         f = nla_data(osf_attrs[OSF_ATTR_FINGER]);
 122
 123         list_for_each_entry(sf, &xt_osf_fingers[!!f->df], finger_entry) {
 124                 if (memcmp(&sf->finger, f, sizeof(struct xt_osf_user_finger)))
 125                         continue;
 126
 127                 /*
 128                  * We are protected by nfnl mutex.
 129                  */
 130                 list_del_rcu(&sf->finger_entry);
 131                 kfree_rcu(sf, rcu_head);
 132
 133                 err = 0;
 134                 break;
 135         }
 136
 137         return err;
 138 }
 139
 140 static const struct nfnl_callback xt_osf_nfnetlink_callbacks[OSF_MSG_MAX] = {
 141         [OSF_MSG_ADD]   = {
 142                 .call           = xt_osf_add_callback,
 143                 .attr_count     = OSF_ATTR_MAX,
 144                 .policy         = xt_osf_policy,
 145         },
 146         [OSF_MSG_REMOVE]        = {
 147                 .call           = xt_osf_remove_callback,
 148                 .attr_count     = OSF_ATTR_MAX,
 149                 .policy         = xt_osf_policy,
 150         },
 151 };
 152
 153 static const struct nfnetlink_subsystem xt_osf_nfnetlink = {
 154         .name                   = "osf",
 155         .subsys_id              = NFNL_SUBSYS_OSF,
 156         .cb_count               = OSF_MSG_MAX,
 157         .cb                     = xt_osf_nfnetlink_callbacks,
 158 };
 159
 160 static inline int xt_osf_ttl(const struct sk_buff *skb, const struct xt_osf_info *info,
 161                             unsigned char f_ttl)
 162 {
 163         const struct iphdr *ip = ip_hdr(skb);
 164
 165         if (info->flags & XT_OSF_TTL) {
 166                 if (info->ttl == XT_OSF_TTL_TRUE)
 167                         return ip->ttl == f_ttl;
 168                 if (info->ttl == XT_OSF_TTL_NOCHECK)
 169                         return 1;
 170                 else if (ip->ttl <= f_ttl)
 171                         return 1;
 172                 else {
 173                         struct in_device *in_dev = __in_dev_get_rcu(skb->dev);
 174                         int ret = 0;
 175
 176                         for_ifa(in_dev) {
 177                                 if (inet_ifa_match(ip->saddr, ifa)) {
 178                                         ret = (ip->ttl == f_ttl);
 179                                         break;
 180                                 }
 181                         }
 182                         endfor_ifa(in_dev);
 183
 184                         return ret;
 185                 }
 186         }
 187
 188         return ip->ttl == f_ttl;
 189 }
 190
 191 static bool
 192 xt_osf_match_packet(const struct sk_buff *skb, struct xt_action_param *p)
 193 {
 194         const struct xt_osf_info *info = p->matchinfo;
 195         const struct iphdr *ip = ip_hdr(skb);
 196         const struct tcphdr *tcp;
 197         struct tcphdr _tcph;
 198         int fmatch = FMATCH_WRONG, fcount = 0;
 199         unsigned int optsize = 0, check_WSS = 0;
 200         u16 window, totlen, mss = 0;
 201         bool df;
 202         const unsigned char *optp = NULL, *_optp = NULL;
 203         unsigned char opts[MAX_IPOPTLEN];
 204         const struct xt_osf_finger *kf;
 205         const struct xt_osf_user_finger *f;
 206         struct net *net = xt_net(p);
 207
 208         if (!info)
 209                 return false;
 210
 211         tcp = skb_header_pointer(skb, ip_hdrlen(skb), sizeof(struct tcphdr), &_tcph);
 212         if (!tcp)
 213                 return false;
 214
 215         if (!tcp->syn)
 216                 return false;
 217
 218         totlen = ntohs(ip->tot_len);
 219         df = ntohs(ip->frag_off) & IP_DF;
 220         window = ntohs(tcp->window);
 221
 222         if (tcp->doff * 4 > sizeof(struct tcphdr)) {
 223                 optsize = tcp->doff * 4 - sizeof(struct tcphdr);
 224
 225                 _optp = optp = skb_header_pointer(skb, ip_hdrlen(skb) +
 226                                 sizeof(struct tcphdr), optsize, opts);
 227         }
 228
 229         rcu_read_lock();
 230         list_for_each_entry_rcu(kf, &xt_osf_fingers[df], finger_entry) {
 231                 int foptsize, optnum;
 232
 233                 f = &kf->finger;
 234
 235                 if (!(info->flags & XT_OSF_LOG) && strcmp(info->genre, f->genre))
 236                         continue;
 237
 238                 optp = _optp;
 239                 fmatch = FMATCH_WRONG;
 240
 241                 if (totlen != f->ss || !xt_osf_ttl(skb, info, f->ttl))
 242                         continue;
 243
 244                 /*
 245                  * Should not happen if userspace parser was written correctly.
 246                  */
 247                 if (f->wss.wc >= OSF_WSS_MAX)
 248                         continue;
 249
 250                 /* Check options */
 251
 252                 foptsize = 0;
 253                 for (optnum = 0; optnum < f->opt_num; ++optnum)
 254                         foptsize += f->opt[optnum].length;
 255
 256                 if (foptsize > MAX_IPOPTLEN ||
 257                     optsize > MAX_IPOPTLEN ||
 258                     optsize != foptsize)
 259                         continue;
 260
 261                 check_WSS = f->wss.wc;
 262
 263                 for (optnum = 0; optnum < f->opt_num; ++optnum) {
 264                         if (f->opt[optnum].kind == (*optp)) {
 265                                 __u32 len = f->opt[optnum].length;
 266                                 const __u8 *optend = optp + len;
 267
 268                                 fmatch = FMATCH_OK;
 269
 270                                 switch (*optp) {
 271                                 case OSFOPT_MSS:
 272                                         mss = optp[3];
 273                                         mss <<= 8;
 274                                         mss |= optp[2];
 275
 276                                         mss = ntohs((__force __be16)mss);
 277                                         break;
 278                                 case OSFOPT_TS:
 279                                         break;
 280                                 }
 281
 282                                 optp = optend;
 283                         } else
 284                                 fmatch = FMATCH_OPT_WRONG;
 285
 286                         if (fmatch != FMATCH_OK)
 287                                 break;
 288                 }
 289
 290                 if (fmatch != FMATCH_OPT_WRONG) {
 291                         fmatch = FMATCH_WRONG;
 292
 293                         switch (check_WSS) {
 294                         case OSF_WSS_PLAIN:
 295                                 if (f->wss.val == 0 || window == f->wss.val)
 296                                         fmatch = FMATCH_OK;
 297                                 break;
 298                         case OSF_WSS_MSS:
 299                                 /*
 300                                  * Some smart modems decrease mangle MSS to
 301                                  * SMART_MSS_2, so we check standard, decreased
 302                                  * and the one provided in the fingerprint MSS
 303                                  * values.
 304                                  */
 305 #define SMART_MSS_1     1460
 306 #define SMART_MSS_2     1448
 307                                 if (window == f->wss.val * mss ||
 308                                     window == f->wss.val * SMART_MSS_1 ||
 309                                     window == f->wss.val * SMART_MSS_2)
 310                                         fmatch = FMATCH_OK;
 311                                 break;
 312                         case OSF_WSS_MTU:
 313                                 if (window == f->wss.val * (mss + 40) ||
 314                                     window == f->wss.val * (SMART_MSS_1 + 40) ||
 315                                     window == f->wss.val * (SMART_MSS_2 + 40))
 316                                         fmatch = FMATCH_OK;
 317                                 break;
 318                         case OSF_WSS_MODULO:
 319                                 if ((window % f->wss.val) == 0)
 320                                         fmatch = FMATCH_OK;
 321                                 break;
 322                         }
 323                 }
 324
 325                 if (fmatch != FMATCH_OK)
 326                         continue;
 327
 328                 fcount++;
 329
 330                 if (info->flags & XT_OSF_LOG)
 331                         nf_log_packet(net, xt_family(p), xt_hooknum(p), skb,
 332                                       xt_in(p), xt_out(p), NULL,
 333                                       "%s [%s:%s] : %pI4:%d -> %pI4:%d hops=%d\n",
 334                                       f->genre, f->version, f->subtype,
 335                                       &ip->saddr, ntohs(tcp->source),
 336                                       &ip->daddr, ntohs(tcp->dest),
 337                                       f->ttl - ip->ttl);
 338
 339                 if ((info->flags & XT_OSF_LOG) &&
 340                     info->loglevel == XT_OSF_LOGLEVEL_FIRST)
 341                         break;
 342         }
 343         rcu_read_unlock();
 344
 345         if (!fcount && (info->flags & XT_OSF_LOG))
 346                 nf_log_packet(net, xt_family(p), xt_hooknum(p), skb, xt_in(p),
 347                               xt_out(p), NULL,
 348                         "Remote OS is not known: %pI4:%u -> %pI4:%u\n",
 349                                 &ip->saddr, ntohs(tcp->source),
 350                                 &ip->daddr, ntohs(tcp->dest));
 351
 352         if (fcount)
 353                 fmatch = FMATCH_OK;
 354
 355         return fmatch == FMATCH_OK;
 356 }
 357
 358 static struct xt_match xt_osf_match = {
 359         .name           = "osf",
 360         .revision       = 0,
 361         .family         = NFPROTO_IPV4,
 362         .proto          = IPPROTO_TCP,
 363         .hooks          = (1 << NF_INET_LOCAL_IN) |
 364                                 (1 << NF_INET_PRE_ROUTING) |
 365                                 (1 << NF_INET_FORWARD),
 366         .match          = xt_osf_match_packet,
 367         .matchsize      = sizeof(struct xt_osf_info),
 368         .me             = THIS_MODULE,
 369 };
 370
 371 static int __init xt_osf_init(void)
 372 {
 373         int err = -EINVAL;
 374         int i;
 375
 376         for (i=0; i<ARRAY_SIZE(xt_osf_fingers); ++i)
 377                 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&xt_osf_fingers[i]);
 378
 379         err = nfnetlink_subsys_register(&xt_osf_nfnetlink);
 380         if (err < 0) {
 381                 pr_err("Failed to register OSF nsfnetlink helper (%d)\n", err);
 382                 goto err_out_exit;
 383         }
 384
 385         err = xt_register_match(&xt_osf_match);
 386         if (err) {
 387                 pr_err("Failed to register OS fingerprint "
 388                        "matching module (%d)\n", err);
 389                 goto err_out_remove;
 390         }
 391
 392         return 0;
 393
 394 err_out_remove:
 395         nfnetlink_subsys_unregister(&xt_osf_nfnetlink);
 396 err_out_exit:
 397         return err;
 398 }
 399
 400 static void __exit xt_osf_fini(void)
 401 {
 402         struct xt_osf_finger *f;
 403         int i;
 404
 405         nfnetlink_subsys_unregister(&xt_osf_nfnetlink);
 406         xt_unregister_match(&xt_osf_match);
 407
 408         rcu_read_lock();
 409         for (i=0; i<ARRAY_SIZE(xt_osf_fingers); ++i) {
 410
 411                 list_for_each_entry_rcu(f, &xt_osf_fingers[i], finger_entry) {
 412                         list_del_rcu(&f->finger_entry);
 413                         kfree_rcu(f, rcu_head);
 414                 }
 415         }
 416         rcu_read_unlock();
 417
 418         rcu_barrier();
 419 }
 420
 421 module_init(xt_osf_init);
 422 module_exit(xt_osf_fini);
 423
 424 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
 425 MODULE_AUTHOR("Evgeniy Polyakov <zbr@ioremap.net>");
 426 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Passive OS fingerprint matching.");
 427 MODULE_ALIAS("ipt_osf");
 428 MODULE_ALIAS("ip6t_osf");
 429 MODULE_ALIAS_NFNL_SUBSYS(NFNL_SUBSYS_OSF);