2 * net/sched/sch_netem.c Network emulator
4 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
5 * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
6 * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version
9 * Many of the algorithms and ideas for this came from
10 * NIST Net which is not copyrighted.
12 * Authors: Stephen Hemminger <shemminger@osdl.org>
13 * Catalin(ux aka Dino) BOIE <catab at umbrella dot ro>
17 #include <linux/module.h>
18 #include <linux/slab.h>
19 #include <linux/types.h>
20 #include <linux/kernel.h>
21 #include <linux/errno.h>
22 #include <linux/skbuff.h>
23 #include <linux/vmalloc.h>
24 #include <linux/rtnetlink.h>
25 #include <linux/reciprocal_div.h>
27 #include <net/netlink.h>
28 #include <net/pkt_sched.h>
29 #include <net/inet_ecn.h>
33 /* Network Emulation Queuing algorithm.
34 ====================================
36 Sources: [1] Mark Carson, Darrin Santay, "NIST Net - A Linux-based
37 Network Emulation Tool
38 [2] Luigi Rizzo, DummyNet for FreeBSD
40 ----------------------------------------------------------------
42 This started out as a simple way to delay outgoing packets to
43 test TCP but has grown to include most of the functionality
44 of a full blown network emulator like NISTnet. It can delay
45 packets and add random jitter (and correlation). The random
46 distribution can be loaded from a table as well to provide
47 normal, Pareto, or experimental curves. Packet loss,
48 duplication, and reordering can also be emulated.
50 This qdisc does not do classification that can be handled in
51 layering other disciplines. It does not need to do bandwidth
52 control either since that can be handled by using token
53 bucket or other rate control.
55 Correlated Loss Generator models
57 Added generation of correlated loss according to the
58 "Gilbert-Elliot" model, a 4-state markov model.
61 [1] NetemCLG Home http://netgroup.uniroma2.it/NetemCLG
62 [2] S. Salsano, F. Ludovici, A. Ordine, "Definition of a general
63 and intuitive loss model for packet networks and its implementation
64 in the Netem module in the Linux kernel", available in [1]
66 Authors: Stefano Salsano <stefano.salsano at uniroma2.it
67 Fabio Ludovici <fabio.ludovici at yahoo.it>
70 struct netem_sched_data {
71 /* internal t(ime)fifo qdisc uses sch->q and sch->limit */
73 /* optional qdisc for classful handling (NULL at netem init) */
76 struct qdisc_watchdog watchdog;
78 psched_tdiff_t latency;
79 psched_tdiff_t jitter;
92 u32 cell_size_reciprocal;
98 } delay_cor, loss_cor, dup_cor, reorder_cor, corrupt_cor;
111 /* Correlated Loss Generation models */
113 /* state of the Markov chain */
116 /* 4-states and Gilbert-Elliot models */
117 u32 a1; /* p13 for 4-states or p for GE */
118 u32 a2; /* p31 for 4-states or r for GE */
119 u32 a3; /* p32 for 4-states or h for GE */
120 u32 a4; /* p14 for 4-states or 1-k for GE */
121 u32 a5; /* p23 used only in 4-states */
126 /* Time stamp put into socket buffer control block
127 * Only valid when skbs are in our internal t(ime)fifo queue.
129 struct netem_skb_cb {
130 psched_time_t time_to_send;
133 static inline struct netem_skb_cb *netem_skb_cb(struct sk_buff *skb)
135 qdisc_cb_private_validate(skb, sizeof(struct netem_skb_cb));
136 return (struct netem_skb_cb *)qdisc_skb_cb(skb)->data;
139 /* init_crandom - initialize correlated random number generator
140 * Use entropy source for initial seed.
142 static void init_crandom(struct crndstate *state, unsigned long rho)
145 state->last = net_random();
148 /* get_crandom - correlated random number generator
149 * Next number depends on last value.
150 * rho is scaled to avoid floating point.
152 static u32 get_crandom(struct crndstate *state)
155 unsigned long answer;
157 if (state->rho == 0) /* no correlation */
160 value = net_random();
161 rho = (u64)state->rho + 1;
162 answer = (value * ((1ull<<32) - rho) + state->last * rho) >> 32;
163 state->last = answer;
167 /* loss_4state - 4-state model loss generator
168 * Generates losses according to the 4-state Markov chain adopted in
169 * the GI (General and Intuitive) loss model.
171 static bool loss_4state(struct netem_sched_data *q)
173 struct clgstate *clg = &q->clg;
174 u32 rnd = net_random();
177 * Makes a comparison between rnd and the transition
178 * probabilities outgoing from the current state, then decides the
179 * next state and if the next packet has to be transmitted or lost.
180 * The four states correspond to:
181 * 1 => successfully transmitted packets within a gap period
182 * 4 => isolated losses within a gap period
183 * 3 => lost packets within a burst period
184 * 2 => successfully transmitted packets within a burst period
186 switch (clg->state) {
191 } else if (clg->a4 < rnd && rnd < clg->a1) {
194 } else if (clg->a1 < rnd)
209 else if (clg->a3 < rnd && rnd < clg->a2 + clg->a3) {
212 } else if (clg->a2 + clg->a3 < rnd) {
225 /* loss_gilb_ell - Gilbert-Elliot model loss generator
226 * Generates losses according to the Gilbert-Elliot loss model or
227 * its special cases (Gilbert or Simple Gilbert)
229 * Makes a comparison between random number and the transition
230 * probabilities outgoing from the current state, then decides the
231 * next state. A second random number is extracted and the comparison
232 * with the loss probability of the current state decides if the next
233 * packet will be transmitted or lost.
235 static bool loss_gilb_ell(struct netem_sched_data *q)
237 struct clgstate *clg = &q->clg;
239 switch (clg->state) {
241 if (net_random() < clg->a1)
243 if (net_random() < clg->a4)
246 if (net_random() < clg->a2)
248 if (clg->a3 > net_random())
255 static bool loss_event(struct netem_sched_data *q)
257 switch (q->loss_model) {
259 /* Random packet drop 0 => none, ~0 => all */
260 return q->loss && q->loss >= get_crandom(&q->loss_cor);
263 /* 4state loss model algorithm (used also for GI model)
264 * Extracts a value from the markov 4 state loss generator,
265 * if it is 1 drops a packet and if needed writes the event in
268 return loss_4state(q);
271 /* Gilbert-Elliot loss model algorithm
272 * Extracts a value from the Gilbert-Elliot loss generator,
273 * if it is 1 drops a packet and if needed writes the event in
276 return loss_gilb_ell(q);
279 return false; /* not reached */
283 /* tabledist - return a pseudo-randomly distributed value with mean mu and
284 * std deviation sigma. Uses table lookup to approximate the desired
285 * distribution, and a uniformly-distributed pseudo-random source.
287 static psched_tdiff_t tabledist(psched_tdiff_t mu, psched_tdiff_t sigma,
288 struct crndstate *state,
289 const struct disttable *dist)
298 rnd = get_crandom(state);
300 /* default uniform distribution */
302 return (rnd % (2*sigma)) - sigma + mu;
304 t = dist->table[rnd % dist->size];
305 x = (sigma % NETEM_DIST_SCALE) * t;
307 x += NETEM_DIST_SCALE/2;
309 x -= NETEM_DIST_SCALE/2;
311 return x / NETEM_DIST_SCALE + (sigma / NETEM_DIST_SCALE) * t + mu;
314 static psched_time_t packet_len_2_sched_time(unsigned int len, struct netem_sched_data *q)
318 len += q->packet_overhead;
321 u32 cells = reciprocal_divide(len, q->cell_size_reciprocal);
323 if (len > cells * q->cell_size) /* extra cell needed for remainder */
325 len = cells * (q->cell_size + q->cell_overhead);
328 ticks = (u64)len * NSEC_PER_SEC;
330 do_div(ticks, q->rate);
331 return PSCHED_NS2TICKS(ticks);
334 static void tfifo_enqueue(struct sk_buff *nskb, struct Qdisc *sch)
336 struct sk_buff_head *list = &sch->q;
337 psched_time_t tnext = netem_skb_cb(nskb)->time_to_send;
338 struct sk_buff *skb = skb_peek_tail(list);
340 /* Optimize for add at tail */
341 if (likely(!skb || tnext >= netem_skb_cb(skb)->time_to_send))
342 return __skb_queue_tail(list, nskb);
344 skb_queue_reverse_walk(list, skb) {
345 if (tnext >= netem_skb_cb(skb)->time_to_send)
349 __skb_queue_after(list, skb, nskb);
353 * Insert one skb into qdisc.
354 * Note: parent depends on return value to account for queue length.
355 * NET_XMIT_DROP: queue length didn't change.
356 * NET_XMIT_SUCCESS: one skb was queued.
358 static int netem_enqueue(struct sk_buff *skb, struct Qdisc *sch)
360 struct netem_sched_data *q = qdisc_priv(sch);
361 /* We don't fill cb now as skb_unshare() may invalidate it */
362 struct netem_skb_cb *cb;
363 struct sk_buff *skb2;
366 /* Random duplication */
367 if (q->duplicate && q->duplicate >= get_crandom(&q->dup_cor))
372 if (q->ecn && INET_ECN_set_ce(skb))
373 sch->qstats.drops++; /* mark packet */
380 return NET_XMIT_SUCCESS | __NET_XMIT_BYPASS;
383 /* If a delay is expected, orphan the skb. (orphaning usually takes
384 * place at TX completion time, so _before_ the link transit delay)
385 * Ideally, this orphaning should be done after the rate limiting
386 * module, because this breaks TCP Small Queue, and other mechanisms
387 * based on socket sk_wmem_alloc.
389 if (q->latency || q->jitter)
393 * If we need to duplicate packet, then re-insert at top of the
394 * qdisc tree, since parent queuer expects that only one
395 * skb will be queued.
397 if (count > 1 && (skb2 = skb_clone(skb, GFP_ATOMIC)) != NULL) {
398 struct Qdisc *rootq = qdisc_root(sch);
399 u32 dupsave = q->duplicate; /* prevent duplicating a dup... */
402 qdisc_enqueue_root(skb2, rootq);
403 q->duplicate = dupsave;
407 * Randomized packet corruption.
408 * Make copy if needed since we are modifying
409 * If packet is going to be hardware checksummed, then
410 * do it now in software before we mangle it.
412 if (q->corrupt && q->corrupt >= get_crandom(&q->corrupt_cor)) {
413 if (!(skb = skb_unshare(skb, GFP_ATOMIC)) ||
414 (skb->ip_summed == CHECKSUM_PARTIAL &&
415 skb_checksum_help(skb)))
416 return qdisc_drop(skb, sch);
418 skb->data[net_random() % skb_headlen(skb)] ^= 1<<(net_random() % 8);
421 if (unlikely(skb_queue_len(&sch->q) >= sch->limit))
422 return qdisc_reshape_fail(skb, sch);
424 sch->qstats.backlog += qdisc_pkt_len(skb);
426 cb = netem_skb_cb(skb);
427 if (q->gap == 0 || /* not doing reordering */
428 q->counter < q->gap - 1 || /* inside last reordering gap */
429 q->reorder < get_crandom(&q->reorder_cor)) {
431 psched_tdiff_t delay;
433 delay = tabledist(q->latency, q->jitter,
434 &q->delay_cor, q->delay_dist);
436 now = psched_get_time();
439 struct sk_buff_head *list = &sch->q;
441 if (!skb_queue_empty(list)) {
443 * Last packet in queue is reference point (now),
444 * calculate this time bonus and subtract
447 delay -= netem_skb_cb(skb_peek_tail(list))->time_to_send - now;
448 delay = max_t(psched_tdiff_t, 0, delay);
449 now = netem_skb_cb(skb_peek_tail(list))->time_to_send;
452 delay += packet_len_2_sched_time(skb->len, q);
455 cb->time_to_send = now + delay;
457 tfifo_enqueue(skb, sch);
460 * Do re-ordering by putting one out of N packets at the front
463 cb->time_to_send = psched_get_time();
466 __skb_queue_head(&sch->q, skb);
467 sch->qstats.requeues++;
470 return NET_XMIT_SUCCESS;
473 static unsigned int netem_drop(struct Qdisc *sch)
475 struct netem_sched_data *q = qdisc_priv(sch);
478 len = qdisc_queue_drop(sch);
479 if (!len && q->qdisc && q->qdisc->ops->drop)
480 len = q->qdisc->ops->drop(q->qdisc);
487 static struct sk_buff *netem_dequeue(struct Qdisc *sch)
489 struct netem_sched_data *q = qdisc_priv(sch);
492 if (qdisc_is_throttled(sch))
496 skb = qdisc_peek_head(sch);
498 const struct netem_skb_cb *cb = netem_skb_cb(skb);
500 /* if more time remaining? */
501 if (cb->time_to_send <= psched_get_time()) {
502 __skb_unlink(skb, &sch->q);
503 sch->qstats.backlog -= qdisc_pkt_len(skb);
505 #ifdef CONFIG_NET_CLS_ACT
507 * If it's at ingress let's pretend the delay is
508 * from the network (tstamp will be updated).
510 if (G_TC_FROM(skb->tc_verd) & AT_INGRESS)
511 skb->tstamp.tv64 = 0;
515 int err = qdisc_enqueue(skb, q->qdisc);
517 if (unlikely(err != NET_XMIT_SUCCESS)) {
518 if (net_xmit_drop_count(err)) {
520 qdisc_tree_decrease_qlen(sch, 1);
526 qdisc_unthrottled(sch);
527 qdisc_bstats_update(sch, skb);
532 skb = q->qdisc->ops->dequeue(q->qdisc);
536 qdisc_watchdog_schedule(&q->watchdog, cb->time_to_send);
540 skb = q->qdisc->ops->dequeue(q->qdisc);
547 static void netem_reset(struct Qdisc *sch)
549 struct netem_sched_data *q = qdisc_priv(sch);
551 qdisc_reset_queue(sch);
553 qdisc_reset(q->qdisc);
554 qdisc_watchdog_cancel(&q->watchdog);
557 static void dist_free(struct disttable *d)
560 if (is_vmalloc_addr(d))
568 * Distribution data is a variable size payload containing
569 * signed 16 bit values.
571 static int get_dist_table(struct Qdisc *sch, const struct nlattr *attr)
573 struct netem_sched_data *q = qdisc_priv(sch);
574 size_t n = nla_len(attr)/sizeof(__s16);
575 const __s16 *data = nla_data(attr);
576 spinlock_t *root_lock;
581 if (n > NETEM_DIST_MAX)
584 s = sizeof(struct disttable) + n * sizeof(s16);
585 d = kmalloc(s, GFP_KERNEL | __GFP_NOWARN);
592 for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
593 d->table[i] = data[i];
595 root_lock = qdisc_root_sleeping_lock(sch);
597 spin_lock_bh(root_lock);
598 swap(q->delay_dist, d);
599 spin_unlock_bh(root_lock);
605 static void get_correlation(struct Qdisc *sch, const struct nlattr *attr)
607 struct netem_sched_data *q = qdisc_priv(sch);
608 const struct tc_netem_corr *c = nla_data(attr);
610 init_crandom(&q->delay_cor, c->delay_corr);
611 init_crandom(&q->loss_cor, c->loss_corr);
612 init_crandom(&q->dup_cor, c->dup_corr);
615 static void get_reorder(struct Qdisc *sch, const struct nlattr *attr)
617 struct netem_sched_data *q = qdisc_priv(sch);
618 const struct tc_netem_reorder *r = nla_data(attr);
620 q->reorder = r->probability;
621 init_crandom(&q->reorder_cor, r->correlation);
624 static void get_corrupt(struct Qdisc *sch, const struct nlattr *attr)
626 struct netem_sched_data *q = qdisc_priv(sch);
627 const struct tc_netem_corrupt *r = nla_data(attr);
629 q->corrupt = r->probability;
630 init_crandom(&q->corrupt_cor, r->correlation);
633 static void get_rate(struct Qdisc *sch, const struct nlattr *attr)
635 struct netem_sched_data *q = qdisc_priv(sch);
636 const struct tc_netem_rate *r = nla_data(attr);
639 q->packet_overhead = r->packet_overhead;
640 q->cell_size = r->cell_size;
642 q->cell_size_reciprocal = reciprocal_value(q->cell_size);
643 q->cell_overhead = r->cell_overhead;
646 static int get_loss_clg(struct Qdisc *sch, const struct nlattr *attr)
648 struct netem_sched_data *q = qdisc_priv(sch);
649 const struct nlattr *la;
652 nla_for_each_nested(la, attr, rem) {
653 u16 type = nla_type(la);
656 case NETEM_LOSS_GI: {
657 const struct tc_netem_gimodel *gi = nla_data(la);
659 if (nla_len(la) < sizeof(struct tc_netem_gimodel)) {
660 pr_info("netem: incorrect gi model size\n");
664 q->loss_model = CLG_4_STATES;
675 case NETEM_LOSS_GE: {
676 const struct tc_netem_gemodel *ge = nla_data(la);
678 if (nla_len(la) < sizeof(struct tc_netem_gemodel)) {
679 pr_info("netem: incorrect ge model size\n");
683 q->loss_model = CLG_GILB_ELL;
693 pr_info("netem: unknown loss type %u\n", type);
701 static const struct nla_policy netem_policy[TCA_NETEM_MAX + 1] = {
702 [TCA_NETEM_CORR] = { .len = sizeof(struct tc_netem_corr) },
703 [TCA_NETEM_REORDER] = { .len = sizeof(struct tc_netem_reorder) },
704 [TCA_NETEM_CORRUPT] = { .len = sizeof(struct tc_netem_corrupt) },
705 [TCA_NETEM_RATE] = { .len = sizeof(struct tc_netem_rate) },
706 [TCA_NETEM_LOSS] = { .type = NLA_NESTED },
707 [TCA_NETEM_ECN] = { .type = NLA_U32 },
710 static int parse_attr(struct nlattr *tb[], int maxtype, struct nlattr *nla,
711 const struct nla_policy *policy, int len)
713 int nested_len = nla_len(nla) - NLA_ALIGN(len);
715 if (nested_len < 0) {
716 pr_info("netem: invalid attributes len %d\n", nested_len);
720 if (nested_len >= nla_attr_size(0))
721 return nla_parse(tb, maxtype, nla_data(nla) + NLA_ALIGN(len),
724 memset(tb, 0, sizeof(struct nlattr *) * (maxtype + 1));
728 /* Parse netlink message to set options */
729 static int netem_change(struct Qdisc *sch, struct nlattr *opt)
731 struct netem_sched_data *q = qdisc_priv(sch);
732 struct nlattr *tb[TCA_NETEM_MAX + 1];
733 struct tc_netem_qopt *qopt;
739 qopt = nla_data(opt);
740 ret = parse_attr(tb, TCA_NETEM_MAX, opt, netem_policy, sizeof(*qopt));
744 sch->limit = qopt->limit;
746 q->latency = qopt->latency;
747 q->jitter = qopt->jitter;
748 q->limit = qopt->limit;
751 q->loss = qopt->loss;
752 q->duplicate = qopt->duplicate;
754 /* for compatibility with earlier versions.
755 * if gap is set, need to assume 100% probability
760 if (tb[TCA_NETEM_CORR])
761 get_correlation(sch, tb[TCA_NETEM_CORR]);
763 if (tb[TCA_NETEM_DELAY_DIST]) {
764 ret = get_dist_table(sch, tb[TCA_NETEM_DELAY_DIST]);
769 if (tb[TCA_NETEM_REORDER])
770 get_reorder(sch, tb[TCA_NETEM_REORDER]);
772 if (tb[TCA_NETEM_CORRUPT])
773 get_corrupt(sch, tb[TCA_NETEM_CORRUPT]);
775 if (tb[TCA_NETEM_RATE])
776 get_rate(sch, tb[TCA_NETEM_RATE]);
778 if (tb[TCA_NETEM_ECN])
779 q->ecn = nla_get_u32(tb[TCA_NETEM_ECN]);
781 q->loss_model = CLG_RANDOM;
782 if (tb[TCA_NETEM_LOSS])
783 ret = get_loss_clg(sch, tb[TCA_NETEM_LOSS]);
788 static int netem_init(struct Qdisc *sch, struct nlattr *opt)
790 struct netem_sched_data *q = qdisc_priv(sch);
796 qdisc_watchdog_init(&q->watchdog, sch);
798 q->loss_model = CLG_RANDOM;
799 ret = netem_change(sch, opt);
801 pr_info("netem: change failed\n");
805 static void netem_destroy(struct Qdisc *sch)
807 struct netem_sched_data *q = qdisc_priv(sch);
809 qdisc_watchdog_cancel(&q->watchdog);
811 qdisc_destroy(q->qdisc);
812 dist_free(q->delay_dist);
815 static int dump_loss_model(const struct netem_sched_data *q,
820 nest = nla_nest_start(skb, TCA_NETEM_LOSS);
822 goto nla_put_failure;
824 switch (q->loss_model) {
826 /* legacy loss model */
827 nla_nest_cancel(skb, nest);
828 return 0; /* no data */
831 struct tc_netem_gimodel gi = {
839 if (nla_put(skb, NETEM_LOSS_GI, sizeof(gi), &gi))
840 goto nla_put_failure;
844 struct tc_netem_gemodel ge = {
851 if (nla_put(skb, NETEM_LOSS_GE, sizeof(ge), &ge))
852 goto nla_put_failure;
857 nla_nest_end(skb, nest);
861 nla_nest_cancel(skb, nest);
865 static int netem_dump(struct Qdisc *sch, struct sk_buff *skb)
867 const struct netem_sched_data *q = qdisc_priv(sch);
868 struct nlattr *nla = (struct nlattr *) skb_tail_pointer(skb);
869 struct tc_netem_qopt qopt;
870 struct tc_netem_corr cor;
871 struct tc_netem_reorder reorder;
872 struct tc_netem_corrupt corrupt;
873 struct tc_netem_rate rate;
875 qopt.latency = q->latency;
876 qopt.jitter = q->jitter;
877 qopt.limit = q->limit;
880 qopt.duplicate = q->duplicate;
881 if (nla_put(skb, TCA_OPTIONS, sizeof(qopt), &qopt))
882 goto nla_put_failure;
884 cor.delay_corr = q->delay_cor.rho;
885 cor.loss_corr = q->loss_cor.rho;
886 cor.dup_corr = q->dup_cor.rho;
887 if (nla_put(skb, TCA_NETEM_CORR, sizeof(cor), &cor))
888 goto nla_put_failure;
890 reorder.probability = q->reorder;
891 reorder.correlation = q->reorder_cor.rho;
892 if (nla_put(skb, TCA_NETEM_REORDER, sizeof(reorder), &reorder))
893 goto nla_put_failure;
895 corrupt.probability = q->corrupt;
896 corrupt.correlation = q->corrupt_cor.rho;
897 if (nla_put(skb, TCA_NETEM_CORRUPT, sizeof(corrupt), &corrupt))
898 goto nla_put_failure;
901 rate.packet_overhead = q->packet_overhead;
902 rate.cell_size = q->cell_size;
903 rate.cell_overhead = q->cell_overhead;
904 if (nla_put(skb, TCA_NETEM_RATE, sizeof(rate), &rate))
905 goto nla_put_failure;
907 if (q->ecn && nla_put_u32(skb, TCA_NETEM_ECN, q->ecn))
908 goto nla_put_failure;
910 if (dump_loss_model(q, skb) != 0)
911 goto nla_put_failure;
913 return nla_nest_end(skb, nla);
916 nlmsg_trim(skb, nla);
920 static int netem_dump_class(struct Qdisc *sch, unsigned long cl,
921 struct sk_buff *skb, struct tcmsg *tcm)
923 struct netem_sched_data *q = qdisc_priv(sch);
925 if (cl != 1 || !q->qdisc) /* only one class */
928 tcm->tcm_handle |= TC_H_MIN(1);
929 tcm->tcm_info = q->qdisc->handle;
934 static int netem_graft(struct Qdisc *sch, unsigned long arg, struct Qdisc *new,
937 struct netem_sched_data *q = qdisc_priv(sch);
943 qdisc_tree_decrease_qlen(*old, (*old)->q.qlen);
946 sch_tree_unlock(sch);
951 static struct Qdisc *netem_leaf(struct Qdisc *sch, unsigned long arg)
953 struct netem_sched_data *q = qdisc_priv(sch);
957 static unsigned long netem_get(struct Qdisc *sch, u32 classid)
962 static void netem_put(struct Qdisc *sch, unsigned long arg)
966 static void netem_walk(struct Qdisc *sch, struct qdisc_walker *walker)
969 if (walker->count >= walker->skip)
970 if (walker->fn(sch, 1, walker) < 0) {
978 static const struct Qdisc_class_ops netem_class_ops = {
979 .graft = netem_graft,
984 .dump = netem_dump_class,
987 static struct Qdisc_ops netem_qdisc_ops __read_mostly = {
989 .cl_ops = &netem_class_ops,
990 .priv_size = sizeof(struct netem_sched_data),
991 .enqueue = netem_enqueue,
992 .dequeue = netem_dequeue,
993 .peek = qdisc_peek_dequeued,
996 .reset = netem_reset,
997 .destroy = netem_destroy,
998 .change = netem_change,
1000 .owner = THIS_MODULE,
1004 static int __init netem_module_init(void)
1006 pr_info("netem: version " VERSION "\n");
1007 return register_qdisc(&netem_qdisc_ops);
1009 static void __exit netem_module_exit(void)
1011 unregister_qdisc(&netem_qdisc_ops);
1013 module_init(netem_module_init)
1014 module_exit(netem_module_exit)
1015 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");