mm: frontswap: lazy initialization to allow tmem backends to build/run as modules

With the goal of allowing tmem backends (zcache, ramster, Xen tmem) to be
built/loaded as modules rather than built-in and enabled by a boot
parameter, this patch provides "lazy initialization", allowing backends to
register to frontswap even after swapon was run.  Before a backend
registers all calls to init are recorded and the creation of tmem_pools
delayed until a backend registers or until a frontswap store is attempted.

Signed-off-by: Stefan Hengelein <ilendir@googlemail.com>
Signed-off-by: Florian Schmaus <fschmaus@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andor Daam <andor.daam@googlemail.com>
Signed-off-by: Dan Magenheimer <dan.magenheimer@oracle.com>
[v1: Fixes per Seth Jennings suggestions]
[v2: Removed FRONTSWAP_HAS_.. ]
[v3: Fix up per Bob Liu <lliubbo@gmail.com> recommendations]
[v4: Fix up per Andrew's comments]
Signed-off-by: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Bob Liu <lliubbo@gmail.com>
Cc: Wanpeng Li <liwanp@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Dan Magenheimer <dan.magenheimer@oracle.com>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

diff --git a/mm/frontswap.c b/mm/frontswap.c
index 2890e67d602621f0aaf6b516905b5340c9ef7b2c..cbd2b8af8129fdee5489bc4c0d8baa75cc42b9e6 100644 (file)
--- a/mm/frontswap.c
+++ b/mm/frontswap.c
@@ -80,6 +80,46 @@ static inline void inc_frontswap_succ_stores(void) { }
 static inline void inc_frontswap_failed_stores(void) { }
 static inline void inc_frontswap_invalidates(void) { }
 #endif
+
+/*
+ * Due to the asynchronous nature of the backends loading potentially
+ * _after_ the swap system has been activated, we have chokepoints
+ * on all frontswap functions to not call the backend until the backend
+ * has registered.
+ *
+ * Specifically when no backend is registered (nobody called
+ * frontswap_register_ops) all calls to frontswap_init (which is done via
+ * swapon -> enable_swap_info -> frontswap_init) are registered and remembered
+ * (via the setting of need_init bitmap) but fail to create tmem_pools. When a
+ * backend registers with frontswap at some later point the previous
+ * calls to frontswap_init are executed (by iterating over the need_init
+ * bitmap) to create tmem_pools and set the respective poolids. All of that is
+ * guarded by us using atomic bit operations on the 'need_init' bitmap.
+ *
+ * This would not guards us against the user deciding to call swapoff right as
+ * we are calling the backend to initialize (so swapon is in action).
+ * Fortunatly for us, the swapon_mutex has been taked by the callee so we are
+ * OK. The other scenario where calls to frontswap_store (called via
+ * swap_writepage) is racing with frontswap_invalidate_area (called via
+ * swapoff) is again guarded by the swap subsystem.
+ *
+ * While no backend is registered all calls to frontswap_[store|load|
+ * invalidate_area|invalidate_page] are ignored or fail.
+ *
+ * The time between the backend being registered and the swap file system
+ * calling the backend (via the frontswap_* functions) is indeterminate as
+ * backend_registered is not atomic_t (or a value guarded by a spinlock).
+ * That is OK as we are comfortable missing some of these calls to the newly
+ * registered backend.
+ *
+ * Obviously the opposite (unloading the backend) must be done after all
+ * the frontswap_[store|load|invalidate_area|invalidate_page] start
+ * ignorning or failing the requests - at which point backend_registered
+ * would have to be made in some fashion atomic.
+ */
+static DECLARE_BITMAP(need_init, MAX_SWAPFILES);
+static bool backend_registered __read_mostly;
+
 /*
  * Register operations for frontswap, returning previous thus allowing
  * detection of multiple backends and possible nesting.
@@ -87,9 +127,22 @@ static inline void inc_frontswap_invalidates(void) { }
 struct frontswap_ops frontswap_register_ops(struct frontswap_ops *ops)
 {
        struct frontswap_ops old = frontswap_ops;
+       int i;
 
        frontswap_ops = *ops;
        frontswap_enabled = true;
+
+       for (i = 0; i < MAX_SWAPFILES; i++) {
+               if (test_and_clear_bit(i, need_init))
+                       (*frontswap_ops.init)(i);
+       }
+       /*
+        * We MUST have backend_registered set _after_ the frontswap_init's
+        * have been called. Otherwise __frontswap_store might fail. Hence
+        * the barrier to make sure compiler does not re-order us.
+        */
+       barrier();
+       backend_registered = true;
        return old;
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(frontswap_register_ops);
@@ -119,10 +172,16 @@ void __frontswap_init(unsigned type)
 {
        struct swap_info_struct *sis = swap_info[type];
 
-       BUG_ON(sis == NULL);
-       if (sis->frontswap_map == NULL)
-               return;
-       frontswap_ops.init(type);
+       if (backend_registered) {
+               BUG_ON(sis == NULL);
+               if (sis->frontswap_map == NULL)
+                       return;
+               (*frontswap_ops.init)(type);
+       } else {
+               BUG_ON(type > MAX_SWAPFILES);
+               set_bit(type, need_init);
+       }
+
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__frontswap_init);
 
@@ -147,6 +206,11 @@ int __frontswap_store(struct page *page)
        struct swap_info_struct *sis = swap_info[type];
        pgoff_t offset = swp_offset(entry);
 
+       if (!backend_registered) {
+               inc_frontswap_failed_stores();
+               return ret;
+       }
+
        BUG_ON(!PageLocked(page));
        BUG_ON(sis == NULL);
        if (frontswap_test(sis, offset))
@@ -186,6 +250,9 @@ int __frontswap_load(struct page *page)
        struct swap_info_struct *sis = swap_info[type];
        pgoff_t offset = swp_offset(entry);
 
+       if (!backend_registered)
+               return ret;
+
        BUG_ON(!PageLocked(page));
        BUG_ON(sis == NULL);
        if (frontswap_test(sis, offset))
@@ -209,6 +276,9 @@ void __frontswap_invalidate_page(unsigned type, pgoff_t offset)
 {
        struct swap_info_struct *sis = swap_info[type];
 
+       if (!backend_registered)
+               return;
+
        BUG_ON(sis == NULL);
        if (frontswap_test(sis, offset)) {
                frontswap_ops.invalidate_page(type, offset);
@@ -226,12 +296,15 @@ void __frontswap_invalidate_area(unsigned type)
 {
        struct swap_info_struct *sis = swap_info[type];
 
-       BUG_ON(sis == NULL);
-       if (sis->frontswap_map == NULL)
-               return;
-       frontswap_ops.invalidate_area(type);
-       atomic_set(&sis->frontswap_pages, 0);
-       memset(sis->frontswap_map, 0, sis->max / sizeof(long));
+       if (backend_registered) {
+               BUG_ON(sis == NULL);
+               if (sis->frontswap_map == NULL)
+                       return;
+               (*frontswap_ops.invalidate_area)(type);
+               atomic_set(&sis->frontswap_pages, 0);
+               memset(sis->frontswap_map, 0, sis->max / sizeof(long));
+       }
+       clear_bit(type, need_init);
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__frontswap_invalidate_area);
 
@@ -364,6 +437,7 @@ static int __init init_frontswap(void)
        debugfs_create_u64("invalidates", S_IRUGO,
                                root, &frontswap_invalidates);
 #endif
+       frontswap_enabled = 1;
        return 0;
 }