Dave Chinner [Thu, 27 Jun 2013 06:04:47 +0000 (16:04 +1000)]
xfs: plug directory buffer readahead
Similar to bulkstat inode chunk readahead, we need to plug directory
data buffer readahead during getdents to ensure that we can merge
adjacent readahead requests and sort out of order requests optimally
before they are dispatched. This improves the readahead efficiency
and reduces the IO load it generates as the IO patterns are
significantly better for both contiguous and fragmented directories.
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Mark Tinguely <tinguely@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: Ben Myers <bpm@sgi.com>
Dave Chinner [Thu, 27 Jun 2013 06:04:46 +0000 (16:04 +1000)]
xfs: add pluging for bulkstat readahead
I was running some tests on bulkstat on CRC enabled filesystems when
I noticed that all the IO being issued was 8k in size, regardless of
the fact taht we are issuing sequential 8k buffers for inodes
clusters. The IO size should be 16k for 256 byte inodes, and 32k for
512 byte inodes, but this wasn't happening.
blktrace showed that there was an explict plug and unplug happening
around each readahead IO from _xfs_buf_ioapply, and the unplug was
causing the IO to be issued immediately. Hence no opportunity was
being given to the elevator to merge adjacent readahead requests and
dispatch them as a single IO.
Add plugging around the inode chunk readahead dispatch loop in
bulkstat to ensure that we don't unplug the queue between adjacent
inode buffer readahead IOs and so we get fewer, larger IO requests
hitting the storage subsystem for bulkstat.
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Mark Tinguely <tinguely@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: Ben Myers <bpm@sgi.com>
Eric Sandeen [Tue, 27 Mar 2012 20:40:26 +0000 (15:40 -0500)]
xfs: check on-disk (not incore) btree root size in dfrag.c
xfs_swap_extents_check_format() contains checks to make sure that
original and the temporary files during defrag are compatible;
Gabriel VLASIU ran into a case where xfs_fsr returned EINVAL
because the tests found the btree root to be of size 120,
while the fork offset was only 104; IOW, they overlapped.
However, this is just due to an error in the
xfs_swap_extents_check_format() tests, because it is checking
the in-memory btree root size against the on-disk fork offset.
We should be checking the on-disk sizes in both cases.
This patch adds a new macro to calculate this size, and uses
it in the tests.
With this change, the filesystem image provided by Gabriel
allows for proper file degragmentation.
Reported-by: Gabriel VLASIU <gabriel@vlasiu.net> Signed-off-by: Eric Sandeen <sandeen@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Ben Myers <bpm@sgi.com>
Jie Liu [Thu, 2 May 2013 11:27:47 +0000 (19:27 +0800)]
xfs: Remove XFS_MOUNT_RETERR
XFS_MOUNT_RETERR is going to be set at xfs_parseargs() if
mp->m_dalign is enabled, so any time we enter "if (mp->m_dalign)"
branch in xfs_update_alignment(), XFS_MOUNT_RETERR is set and so
we always be emitting a warning and returning an error.
Hence, we can remove it and get rid of a couple of redundant
check up against it at xfs_upate_alignment().
Thanks Dave Chinner for the suggestions of simplify the code
in xfs_parseargs().
Signed-off-by: Jie Liu <jeff.liu@oracle.com> Cc: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com> Cc: Mark Tinguely <tinguely@sgi.com> Reviewed-by: Mark Tinguely <tinguely@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: Ben Myers <bpm@sgi.com>
Beginning from above commit, neither XFS_ALLOCFREE_LOG_RES() nor
XFS_DIROP_LOG_RES() is used by those routines for calculating
transaction space reservations, so it's safe to remove them now.
Also, with a slightly update for the relevant comments to reflect
the ideas of why those log count numbers should be.
Signed-off-by: Jie Liu <jeff.liu@oracle.com> Reviewed-by: Ben Myers <bpm@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: Ben Myers <bpm@sgi.com>
Jie Liu [Thu, 6 Jun 2013 13:24:01 +0000 (06:24 -0700)]
xfs: return FIEMAP_EXTENT_UNKNOWN for delayed allocation extent
For FIEMAP ioctl(2), if an extent is in delayed allocation
state, we need to return the FIEMAP_EXTENT_UNKNOWN flag except
the FIEMAP_EXTENT_DELALLOC because its data location is unknown.
Signed-off-by: Jie Liu <jeff.liu@oracle.com> Reviewed-by: Ben Myers <bpm@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: Ben Myers <bpm@sgi.com>
Mark Tinguely [Mon, 17 Jun 2013 20:35:57 +0000 (15:35 -0500)]
xfs: fix the symbolic link assert in xfs_ifree
Adding an extended attribute to a symbolic link can force that
link to an remote extent. xfs_inactive() incorrectly assumes
that any symbolic link small enough to be in the inode core
is incore, resulting in the remote extent to not be removed.
xfs_ifree() will assert on presence of this leaked remote extent.
Signed-off-by: Mark Tinguely <tinguely@sgi.com> Reviewed-by: Ben Myers <bpm@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: Ben Myers <bpm@sgi.com>
Jeff Liu [Thu, 2 May 2013 11:23:20 +0000 (19:23 +0800)]
xfs: Remove struct xfs_chash from xfs_mount
Remove struct xfs_chash from struct xfs_mount as there is no user of
it nowadays.
Signed-off-by: Jie Liu <jeff.liu@oracle.com> Reviewed-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Mark Tinguely <tinguely@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: Ben Myers <bpm@sgi.com>
Jie Liu [Thu, 2 May 2013 11:27:53 +0000 (19:27 +0800)]
xfs: Don't keep silent if sunit/swidth can not be changed via mount
As per the mount man page, sunit and swidth can be changed via
mount options. For XFS, on the face of it, those options seems
works if the specified alignments is properly, e.g.
# mount -o sunit=4096,swidth=8192 /dev/sdb1 /mnt
# mount | grep sdb1
/dev/sdb1 on /mnt type xfs (rw,sunit=4096,swidth=8192)
However, neither sunit nor swidth is shown from the xfs_info output.
# xfs_info /mnt
meta-data=/dev/sdb1 isize=256 agcount=4, agsize=262144 blks
= sectsz=512 attr=2
data = bsize=4096 blocks=1048576, imaxpct=25
= sunit=0 swidth=0 blks
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0
log =internal bsize=4096 blocks=2560, version=2
= sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0
The reason is that the alignment can only be changed if the relevant
super block is already configured with alignments, otherwise, the
given value is silently ignored.
With this fix, the attempt to mount a storage without strip alignment
setup on a super block will get an error with a warning in syslog to
indicate the true cause, e.g.
# mount -o sunit=4096,swidth=8192 /dev/sdb1 /mnt
mount: wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on /dev/sdb1,
missing codepage or helper program, or other error
In some cases useful info is found in syslog - try
dmesg | tail or so
.......
XFS (sdb1): cannot change alignment: superblock does not support data
alignment
Signed-off-by: Jie Liu <jeff.liu@oracle.com> Cc: Mark Tinguely <tinguely@sgi.com> Cc: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Mark Tinguely <tinguely@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: Ben Myers <bpm@sgi.com>
Joe Perches [Fri, 14 Jun 2013 02:37:50 +0000 (19:37 -0700)]
xfs: Convert use of typedef ctl_table to struct ctl_table
This typedef is unnecessary and should just be removed.
Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com> Acked-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Ben Myers <bpm@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: Ben Myers <bpm@sgi.com>
Dave Chinner [Wed, 12 Jun 2013 02:19:06 +0000 (12:19 +1000)]
xfs: don't shutdown log recovery on validation errors
Unfortunately, we cannot guarantee that items logged multiple times
and replayed by log recovery do not take objects back in time. When
they are taken back in time, the go into an intermediate state which
is corrupt, and hence verification that occurs on this intermediate
state causes log recovery to abort with a corruption shutdown.
Instead of causing a shutdown and unmountable filesystem, don't
verify post-recovery items before they are written to disk. This is
less than optimal, but there is no way to detect this issue for
non-CRC filesystems If log recovery successfully completes, this
will be undone and the object will be consistent by subsequent
transactions that are replayed, so in most cases we don't need to
take drastic action.
For CRC enabled filesystems, leave the verifiers in place - we need
to call them to recalculate the CRCs on the objects anyway. This
recovery problem can be solved for such filesystems - we have a LSN
stamped in all metadata at writeback time that we can to determine
whether the item should be replayed or not. This is a separate piece
of work, so is not addressed by this patch.
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Ben Myers <bpm@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: Ben Myers <bpm@sgi.com>
Dave Chinner [Wed, 12 Jun 2013 02:19:08 +0000 (12:19 +1000)]
xfs: ensure btree root split sets blkno correctly
For CRC enabled filesystems, the BMBT is rooted in an inode, so it
passes through a different code path on root splits than the
freespace and inode btrees. This is much less traversed by xfstests
than the other trees. When testing on a 1k block size filesystem,
I've been seeing ASSERT failures in generic/234 like:
which are generally preceded by a lblock check failure. I noticed
this in the bmbt stats:
$ pminfo -f xfs.btree.block_map
xfs.btree.block_map.lookup
value 39135
xfs.btree.block_map.compare
value 268432
xfs.btree.block_map.insrec
value 15786
xfs.btree.block_map.delrec
value 13884
xfs.btree.block_map.newroot
value 2
xfs.btree.block_map.killroot
value 0
.....
Very little coverage of root splits and merges. Indeed, on a 4k
filesystem, block_map.newroot and block_map.killroot are both zero.
i.e. the code is not exercised at all, and it's the only generic
btree infrastructure operation that is not exercised by a default run
of xfstests.
Turns out that on a 1k filesystem, generic/234 accounts for one of
those two root splits, and that is somewhat of a smoking gun. In
fact, it's the same problem we saw in the directory/attr code where
headers are memcpy()d from one block to another without updating the
self describing metadata.
Simple fix - when copying the header out of the root block, make
sure the block number is updated correctly.
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Ben Myers <bpm@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: Ben Myers <bpm@sgi.com>
Dave Chinner [Wed, 12 Jun 2013 02:19:07 +0000 (12:19 +1000)]
xfs: fix implicit padding in directory and attr CRC formats
Michael L. Semon has been testing CRC patches on a 32 bit system and
been seeing assert failures in the directory code from xfs/080.
Thanks to Michael's heroic efforts with printk debugging, we found
that the problem was that the last free space being left in the
directory structure was too small to fit a unused tag structure and
it was being corrupted and attempting to log a region out of bounds.
Hence the assert failure looked something like:
.....
#5 calling xfs_dir2_data_log_unused() 36 32
#1 4092 4095 4096
#2 8182 8183 4096
XFS: Assertion failed: first <= last && last < BBTOB(bp->b_length), file: fs/xfs/xfs_trans_buf.c, line: 568
Where #1 showed the first region of the dup being logged (i.e. the
last 4 bytes of a directory buffer) and #2 shows the corrupt values
being calculated from the length of the dup entry which overflowed
the size of the buffer.
It turns out that the problem was not in the logging code, nor in
the freespace handling code. It is an initial condition bug that
only shows up on 32 bit systems. When a new buffer is initialised,
where's the freespace that is set up:
Note the offset of the first region being logged? It's 60 bytes into
the buffer. Once I saw that, I pretty much knew that the bug was
going to be caused by this.
Essentially, all direct entries are rounded to 8 bytes in length,
and all entries start with an 8 byte alignment. This means that we
can decode inplace as variables are naturally aligned. With the
directory data supposedly starting on a 8 byte boundary, and all
entries padded to 8 bytes, the minimum freespace in a directory
block is supposed to be 8 bytes, which is large enough to fit a
unused data entry structure (6 bytes in size). The fact we only have
4 bytes of free space indicates a directory data block alignment
problem.
And what do you know - there's an implicit hole in the directory
data block header for the CRC format, which means the header is 60
byte on 32 bit intel systems and 64 bytes on 64 bit systems. Needs
padding. And while looking at the structures, I found the same
problem in the attr leaf header. Fix them both.
Note that this only affects 32 bit systems with CRCs enabled.
Everything else is just fine. Note that CRC enabled filesystems created
before this fix on such systems will not be readable with this fix
applied.
Reported-by: Michael L. Semon <mlsemon35@gmail.com> Debugged-by: Michael L. Semon <mlsemon35@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Ben Myers <bpm@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: Ben Myers <bpm@sgi.com>
Dave Chinner [Wed, 5 Jun 2013 02:09:10 +0000 (12:09 +1000)]
xfs: increase number of ACL entries for V5 superblocks
The limit of 25 ACL entries is arbitrary, but baked into the on-disk
format. For version 5 superblocks, increase it to the maximum nuber
of ACLs that can fit into a single xattr.
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Brian Foster <bfoster@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Mark Tinguely <tinuguely@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: Ben Myers <bpm@sgi.com>
Dave Chinner [Wed, 5 Jun 2013 02:09:08 +0000 (12:09 +1000)]
xfs: inode unlinked list needs to recalculate the inode CRC
The inode unlinked list manipulations operate directly on the inode
buffer, and so bypass the inode CRC calculation mechanisms. Hence an
inode on the unlinked list has an invalid CRC. Fix this by
recalculating the CRC whenever we modify an unlinked list pointer in
an inode, ncluding during log recovery. This is trivial to do and
results in unlinked list operations always leaving a consistent
inode in the buffer.
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Mark Tinguely <tinguely@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: Ben Myers <bpm@sgi.com>
Dave Chinner [Wed, 5 Jun 2013 02:09:07 +0000 (12:09 +1000)]
xfs: fix log recovery transaction item reordering
There are several constraints that inode allocation and unlink
logging impose on log recovery. These all stem from the fact that
inode alloc/unlink are logged in buffers, but all other inode
changes are logged in inode items. Hence there are ordering
constraints that recovery must follow to ensure the correct result
occurs.
As it turns out, this ordering has been working mostly by chance
than good management. The existing code moves all buffers except
cancelled buffers to the head of the list, and everything else to
the tail of the list. The problem with this is that is interleaves
inode items with the buffer cancellation items, and hence whether
the inode item in an cancelled buffer gets replayed is essentially
left to chance.
Further, this ordering causes problems for log recovery when inode
CRCs are enabled. It typically replays the inode unlink buffer long before
it replays the inode core changes, and so the CRC recorded in an
unlink buffer is going to be invalid and hence any attempt to
validate the inode in the buffer is going to fail. Hence we really
need to enforce the ordering that the inode alloc/unlink code has
expected log recovery to have since inode chunk de-allocation was
introduced back in 2003...
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Mark Tinguely <tinguely@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: Ben Myers <bpm@sgi.com>
Dave Chinner [Mon, 3 Jun 2013 05:28:49 +0000 (15:28 +1000)]
xfs: fix remote attribute invalidation for a leaf
When invalidating an attribute leaf block block, there might be
remote attributes that it points to. With the recent rework of the
remote attribute format, we have to make sure we calculate the
length of the attribute correctly. We aren't doing that in
xfs_attr3_leaf_inactive(), so fix it.
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Brian Foster <bfoster@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Mark Tinguely <tinuguely@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: Ben Myers <bpm@sgi.com>
Dave Chinner [Mon, 3 Jun 2013 05:28:46 +0000 (15:28 +1000)]
xfs: rework dquot CRCs
Calculating dquot CRCs when the backing buffer is written back just
doesn't work reliably. There are several places which manipulate
dquots directly in the buffers, and they don't calculate CRCs
appropriately, nor do they always set the buffer up to calculate
CRCs appropriately.
Firstly, if we log a dquot buffer (e.g. during allocation) it gets
logged without valid CRC, and so on recovery we end up with a dquot
that is not valid.
Secondly, if we recover/repair a dquot, we don't have a verifier
attached to the buffer and hence CRCs are not calculated on the way
down to disk.
Thirdly, calculating the CRC after we've changed the contents means
that if we re-read the dquot from the buffer, we cannot verify the
contents of the dquot are valid, as the CRC is invalid.
So, to avoid all the dquot CRC errors that are being detected by the
read verifier, change to using the same model as for inodes. That
is, dquot CRCs are calculated and written to the backing buffer at
the time the dquot is flushed to the backing buffer. If we modify
the dquot directly in the backing buffer, calculate the CRC
immediately after the modification is complete. Hence the dquot in
the on-disk buffer should always have a valid CRC.
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Brian Foster <bfoster@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Ben Myers <bpm@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: Ben Myers <bpm@sgi.com>
Dave Chinner [Tue, 28 May 2013 08:37:17 +0000 (18:37 +1000)]
xfs: fix dir3 freespace block corruption
When the directory freespace index grows to a second block (2017
4k data blocks in the directory), the initialisation of the second
new block header goes wrong. The write verifier fires a corruption
error indicating that the block number in the header is zero. This
was being tripped by xfs/110.
The problem is that the initialisation of the new block is done just
fine in xfs_dir3_free_get_buf(), but the caller then users a dirv2
structure to zero on-disk header fields that xfs_dir3_free_get_buf()
has already zeroed. These lined up with the block number in the dir
v3 header format.
While looking at this, I noticed that the struct xfs_dir3_free_hdr()
had 4 bytes of padding in it that wasn't defined as padding or being
zeroed by the initialisation. Add a pad field declaration and fully
zero the on disk and in-core headers in xfs_dir3_free_get_buf() so
that this is never an issue in the future. Note that this doesn't
change the on-disk layout, just makes the 32 bits of padding in the
layout explicit.
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Ben Myers <bpm@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: Ben Myers <bpm@sgi.com>
Dave Chinner [Mon, 27 May 2013 06:38:25 +0000 (16:38 +1000)]
xfs: kill suid/sgid through the truncate path.
XFS has failed to kill suid/sgid bits correctly when truncating
files of non-zero size since commit c4ed4243 ("xfs: split
xfs_setattr") introduced in the 3.1 kernel. Fix it.
Fix it.
cc: stable kernel <stable@vger.kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Brian Foster <bfoster@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Ben Myers <bpm@sgi.com>
Dave Chinner [Mon, 27 May 2013 06:38:26 +0000 (16:38 +1000)]
xfs: add fsgeom flag for v5 superblock support.
Currently userspace has no way of determining that a filesystem is
CRC enabled. Add a flag to the XFS_IOC_FSGEOMETRY ioctl output to
indicate that the filesystem has v5 superblock support enabled.
This will allow xfs_info to correctly report the state of the
filesystem.
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Eric Sandeen <sandeen@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Brian Foster <bfoster@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Ben Myers <bpm@sgi.com>
Dave Chinner [Mon, 27 May 2013 06:38:24 +0000 (16:38 +1000)]
xfs: disable swap extents ioctl on CRC enabled filesystems
Currently, swapping extents from one inode to another is a simple
act of switching data and attribute forks from one inode to another.
This, unfortunately in no longer so simple with CRC enabled
filesystems as there is owner information embedded into the BMBT
blocks that are swapped between inodes. Hence swapping the forks
between inodes results in the inodes having mapping blocks that
point to the wrong owner and hence are considered corrupt.
To fix this we need an extent tree block or record based swap
algorithm so that the BMBT block owner information can be updated
atomically in the swap transaction. This is a significant piece of
new work, so for the moment simply don't allow swap extent
operations to succeed on CRC enabled filesystems.
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Ben Myers <bpm@sgi.com> Reviewed-by: Brian Foster <bfoster@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Ben Myers <bpm@sgi.com>
That problem occurred when a contiguous dirty region of a buffer was
split across across two pages of an unmapped buffer. It's been a
long time since that has been done in XFS, and the changes to log
the entire inode buffers for CRC enabled filesystems has
re-introduced that corner case.
And, of course, it turns out that the above commit didn't actually
fix anything - it just ensured that log recovery is guaranteed to
fail when this situation occurs. And now for the gory details.
xfstest xfs/085 is failing with this assert:
XFS (vdb): bad number of regions (0) in inode log format
XFS: Assertion failed: 0, file: fs/xfs/xfs_log_recover.c, line: 1583
Largely undocumented factoid #1: Log recovery depends on all log
buffer format items starting with this format:
As recoery uses the size field and assumptions about 32 bit
alignment in decoding format items. So don't pay much attention to
the fact log recovery thinks that it decoding an inode log format
item - it just uses them to determine what the size of the item is.
But why would it see a log format item with a zero size? Well,
luckily enough xfs_logprint uses the same code and gives the same
error, so with a bit of gdb magic, it turns out that it isn't a log
format that is being decoded. What logprint tells us is this:
Oper (130): tid: a0375e1a len: 28 clientid: TRANS flags: none
BUF: #regs: 2 start blkno: 144 (0x90) len: 16 bmap size: 2 flags: 0x4000
Oper (131): tid: a0375e1a len: 4096 clientid: TRANS flags: none
BUF DATA
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Oper (132): tid: a0375e1a len: 4096 clientid: TRANS flags: none
xfs_logprint: unknown log operation type (4e49)
**********************************************************************
* ERROR: data block=2 *
**********************************************************************
That we've got a buffer format item (oper 130) that has two regions;
the format item itself and one dirty region. The subsequent region
after the buffer format item and it's data is them what we are
tripping over, and the first bytes of it at an inode magic number.
Not a log opheader like there is supposed to be.
That means there's a problem with the buffer format item. It's dirty
data region is 4096 bytes, and it contains - you guessed it -
initialised inodes. But inode buffers are 8k, not 4k, and we log
them in their entirety. So something is wrong here. The buffer
format item contains:
Two regions, and a signle dirty contiguous region of 64 bits. 64 *
128 = 8k, so this should be followed by a single 8k region of data.
And the blf_flags tell us that the type of buffer is a
XFS_BLFT_DINO_BUF. It contains inodes. And because it doesn't have
the XFS_BLF_INODE_BUF flag set, that means it's an inode allocation
buffer. So, it should be followed by 8k of inode data.
and so be32_to_cpu(oh_len) = 0x1000 = 4096 bytes. It's simply not
long enough to hold all the logged data. There must be another
region. There is - there's a following opheader for another 4k of
data that contains the other half of the inode cluster data - the
one we assert fail on because it's not a log format header.
So why is the second part of the data not being accounted to the
correct buffer log format structure? It took a little more work with
gdb to work out that the buffer log format structure was both
expecting it to be there but hadn't accounted for it. It was at that
point I went to the kernel code, as clearly this wasn't a bug in
xfs_logprint and the kernel was writing bad stuff to the log.
First port of call was the buffer item formatting code, and the
discontiguous memory/contiguous dirty region handling code
immediately stood out. I've wondered for a long time why the code
had this comment in it:
vecp->i_addr = xfs_buf_offset(bp, buffer_offset);
vecp->i_len = nbits * XFS_BLF_CHUNK;
vecp->i_type = XLOG_REG_TYPE_BCHUNK;
/*
* You would think we need to bump the nvecs here too, but we do not
* this number is used by recovery, and it gets confused by the boundary
* split here
* nvecs++;
*/
vecp++;
And it didn't account for the extra vector pointer. The case being
handled here is that a contiguous dirty region lies across a
boundary that cannot be memcpy()d across, and so has to be split
into two separate operations for xlog_write() to perform.
What this code assumes is that what is written to the log is two
consecutive blocks of data that are accounted in the buf log format
item as the same contiguous dirty region and so will get decoded as
such by the log recovery code.
The thing is, xlog_write() knows nothing about this, and so just
does it's normal thing of adding an opheader for each vector. That
means the 8k region gets written to the log as two separate regions
of 4k each, but because nvecs has not been incremented, the buf log
format item accounts for only one of them.
Hence when we come to log recovery, we process the first 4k region
and then expect to come across a new item that starts with a log
format structure of some kind that tells us whenteh next data is
going to be. Instead, we hit raw buffer data and things go bad real
quick.
So, the commit from 2002 that commented out nvecs++ is just plain
wrong. It breaks log recovery completely, and it would seem the only
reason this hasn't been since then is that we don't log large
contigous regions of multi-page unmapped buffers very often. Never
would be a closer estimate, at least until the CRC code came along....
So, lets fix that by restoring the nvecs accounting for the extra
region when we hit this case.....
.... and there's the problemin log recovery it is apparently working
around:
XFS: Assertion failed: i == item->ri_total, file: fs/xfs/xfs_log_recover.c, line: 2135
Yup, xlog_recover_do_reg_buffer() doesn't handle contigous dirty
regions being broken up into multiple regions by the log formatting
code. That's an easy fix, though - if the number of contiguous dirty
bits exceeds the length of the region being copied out of the log,
only account for the number of dirty bits that region covers, and
then loop again and copy more from the next region. It's a 2 line
fix.
Now xfstests xfs/085 passes, we have one less piece of mystery
code, and one more important piece of knowledge about how to
structure new log format items..
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Mark Tinguely <tinguely@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: Ben Myers <bpm@sgi.com>
Dave Chinner [Mon, 27 May 2013 06:38:20 +0000 (16:38 +1000)]
xfs: fix incorrect remote symlink block count
When CRCs are enabled, the number of blocks needed to hold a remote
symlink on a 1k block size filesystem may be 2 instead of 1. The
transaction reservation for the allocated blocks was not taking this
into account and only allocating one block. Hence when trying to
read or invalidate such symlinks, we are mapping a hole where there
should be a block and things go bad at that point.
Fix the reservation to use the correct block count, clean up the
block count calculation similar to the remote attribute calculation,
and add a debug guard to detect when we don't write the entire
symlink to disk.
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Ben Myers <bpm@sgi.com> Reviewed-by: Brian Foster <bfoster@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Ben Myers <bpm@sgi.com>
Dave Chinner [Mon, 27 May 2013 06:38:19 +0000 (16:38 +1000)]
xfs: don't emit v5 superblock warnings on write
We write the superblock every 30s or so which results in the
verifier being called. Right now that results in this output
every 30s:
XFS (vda): Version 5 superblock detected. This kernel has EXPERIMENTAL support enabled!
Use of these features in this kernel is at your own risk!
And spamming the logs.
We don't need to check for whether we support v5 superblocks or
whether there are feature bits we don't support set as these are
only relevant when we first mount the filesytem. i.e. on superblock
read. Hence for the write verification we can just skip all the
checks (and hence verbose output) altogether.
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Brian Foster <bfoster@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Ben Myers <bpm@sgi.com>
Dave Chinner [Tue, 21 May 2013 08:02:08 +0000 (18:02 +1000)]
xfs: rework remote attr CRCs
Note: this changes the on-disk remote attribute format. I assert
that this is OK to do as CRCs are marked experimental and the first
kernel it is included in has not yet reached release yet. Further,
the userspace utilities are still evolving and so anyone using this
stuff right now is a developer or tester using volatile filesystems
for testing this feature. Hence changing the format right now to
save longer term pain is the right thing to do.
The fundamental change is to move from a header per extent in the
attribute to a header per filesytem block in the attribute. This
means there are more header blocks and the parsing of the attribute
data is slightly more complex, but it has the advantage that we
always know the size of the attribute on disk based on the length of
the data it contains.
This is where the header-per-extent method has problems. We don't
know the size of the attribute on disk without first knowing how
many extents are used to hold it. And we can't tell from a
mapping lookup, either, because remote attributes can be allocated
contiguously with other attribute blocks and so there is no obvious
way of determining the actual size of the atribute on disk short of
walking and mapping buffers.
The problem with this approach is that if we map a buffer
incorrectly (e.g. we make the last buffer for the attribute data too
long), we then get buffer cache lookup failure when we map it
correctly. i.e. we get a size mismatch on lookup. This is not
necessarily fatal, but it's a cache coherency problem that can lead
to returning the wrong data to userspace or writing the wrong data
to disk. And debug kernels will assert fail if this occurs.
I found lots of niggly little problems trying to fix this issue on a
4k block size filesystem, finally getting it to pass with lots of
fixes. The thing is, 1024 byte filesystems still failed, and it was
getting really complex handling all the corner cases that were
showing up. And there were clearly more that I hadn't found yet.
It is complex, fragile code, and if we don't fix it now, it will be
complex, fragile code forever more.
Hence the simple fix is to add a header to each filesystem block.
This gives us the same relationship between the attribute data
length and the number of blocks on disk as we have without CRCs -
it's a linear mapping and doesn't require us to guess anything. It
is simple to implement, too - the remote block count calculated at
lookup time can be used by the remote attribute set/get/remove code
without modification for both CRC and non-CRC filesystems. The world
becomes sane again.
Because the copy-in and copy-out now need to iterate over each
filesystem block, I moved them into helper functions so we separate
the block mapping and buffer manupulations from the attribute data
and CRC header manipulations. The code becomes much clearer as a
result, and it is a lot easier to understand and debug. It also
appears to be much more robust - once it worked on 4k block size
filesystems, it has worked without failure on 1k block size
filesystems, too.
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Ben Myers <bpm@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: Ben Myers <bpm@sgi.com>
Dave Chinner [Tue, 21 May 2013 08:02:06 +0000 (18:02 +1000)]
xfs: fully initialise temp leaf in xfs_attr3_leaf_compact
xfs_attr3_leaf_compact() uses a temporary buffer for compacting the
the entries in a leaf. It copies the the original buffer into the
temporary buffer, then zeros the original buffer completely. It then
copies the entries back into the original buffer. However, the
original buffer has not been correctly initialised, and so the
movement of the entries goes horribly wrong.
Make sure the zeroed destination buffer is fully initialised, and
once we've set up the destination incore header appropriately, write
is back to the buffer before starting to move entries around.
While debugging this, the _d/_s prefixes weren't sufficient to
remind me what buffer was what, so rename then all _src/_dst.
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Ben Myers <bpm@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: Ben Myers <bpm@sgi.com>
Dave Chinner [Tue, 21 May 2013 08:02:05 +0000 (18:02 +1000)]
xfs: fully initialise temp leaf in xfs_attr3_leaf_unbalance
xfs_attr3_leaf_unbalance() uses a temporary buffer for recombining
the entries in two leaves when the destination leaf requires
compaction. The temporary buffer ends up being copied back over the
original destination buffer, so the header in the temporary buffer
needs to contain all the information that is in the destination
buffer.
To make sure the temporary buffer is fully initialised, once we've
set up the temporary incore header appropriately, write is back to
the temporary buffer before starting to move entries around.
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Ben Myers <bpm@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: Ben Myers <bpm@sgi.com>
Dave Chinner [Tue, 21 May 2013 08:02:04 +0000 (18:02 +1000)]
xfs: correctly map remote attr buffers during removal
If we don't map the buffers correctly (same as for get/set
operations) then the incore buffer lookup will fail. If a block
number matches but a length is wrong, then debug kernels will ASSERT
fail in _xfs_buf_find() due to the length mismatch. Ensure that we
map the buffers correctly by basing the length of the buffer on the
attribute data length rather than the remote block count.
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Ben Myers <bpm@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: Ben Myers <bpm@sgi.com>
Dave Chinner [Tue, 21 May 2013 08:02:03 +0000 (18:02 +1000)]
xfs: remote attribute tail zeroing does too much
When an attribute data does not fill then entire remote block, we
zero the remaining part of the buffer. This, however, needs to take
into account that the buffer has a header, and so the offset where
zeroing starts and the length of zeroing need to take this into
account. Otherwise we end up with zeros over the end of the
attribute value when CRCs are enabled.
While there, make sure we only ask to map an extent that covers the
remaining range of the attribute, rather than asking every time for
the full length of remote data. If the remote attribute blocks are
contiguous with other parts of the attribute tree, it will map those
blocks as well and we can potentially zero them incorrectly. We can
also get buffer size mistmatches when trying to read or remove the
remote attribute, and this can lead to not finding the correct
buffer when looking it up in cache.
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Ben Myers <bpm@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: Ben Myers <bpm@sgi.com>
Dave Chinner [Tue, 21 May 2013 08:02:02 +0000 (18:02 +1000)]
xfs: remote attribute read too short
Reading a maximally size remote attribute fails when CRCs are
enabled with this verification error:
XFS (vdb): remote attribute header does not match required off/len/owner)
There are two reasons for this, the first being that the
length of the buffer being read is determined from the
args->rmtblkcnt which doesn't take into account CRC headers. Hence
the mapped length ends up being too short and so we need to
calculate it directly from the value length.
The second is that the byte count of valid data within a buffer is
capped by the length of the data and so doesn't take into account
that the buffer might be longer due to headers. Hence we need to
calculate the data space in the buffer first before calculating the
actual byte count of data.
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Ben Myers <bpm@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: Ben Myers <bpm@sgi.com>
Dave Chinner [Tue, 21 May 2013 08:02:01 +0000 (18:02 +1000)]
xfs: remote attribute allocation may be contiguous
When CRCs are enabled, there may be multiple allocations made if the
headers cause a length overflow. This, however, does not mean that
the number of headers required increases, as the second and
subsequent extents may be contiguous with the previous extent. Hence
when we map the extents to write the attribute data, we may end up
with less extents than allocations made. Hence the assertion that we
consume the number of headers we calculated in the allocation loop
is incorrect and needs to be removed.
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Ben Myers <bpm@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: Ben Myers <bpm@sgi.com>
Dave Chinner [Tue, 21 May 2013 08:02:00 +0000 (18:02 +1000)]
xfs: avoid nesting transactions in xfs_qm_scall_setqlim()
Lockdep reports:
=============================================
[ INFO: possible recursive locking detected ]
3.9.0+ #3 Not tainted
---------------------------------------------
setquota/28368 is trying to acquire lock:
(sb_internal){++++.?}, at: [<c11e8846>] xfs_trans_alloc+0x26/0x50
but task is already holding lock:
(sb_internal){++++.?}, at: [<c11e8846>] xfs_trans_alloc+0x26/0x50
from xfs_qm_scall_setqlim()->xfs_dqread() when a dquot needs to be
allocated.
xfs_qm_scall_setqlim() is starting a transaction and then not
passing it into xfs_qm_dqet() and so it starts it's own transaction
when allocating the dquot. Splat!
Fix this by not allocating the dquot in xfs_qm_scall_setqlim()
inside the setqlim transaction. This requires getting the dquot
first (and allocating it if necessary) then dropping and relocking
the dquot before joining it to the setqlim transaction.
Reported-by: Michael L. Semon <mlsemon35@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Ben Myers <bpm@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: Ben Myers <bpm@sgi.com>
Dave Chinner [Sun, 19 May 2013 23:51:16 +0000 (09:51 +1000)]
xfs: remote attribute lookups require the value length
When reading a remote attribute, to correctly calculate the length
of the data buffer for CRC enable filesystems, we need to know the
length of the attribute data. We get this information when we look
up the attribute, but we don't store it in the args structure along
with the other remote attr information we get from the lookup. Add
this information to the args structure so we can use it
appropriately.
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Ben Myers <bpm@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: Ben Myers <bpm@sgi.com>
Dave Chinner [Sun, 19 May 2013 23:51:12 +0000 (09:51 +1000)]
xfs: fix missing KM_NOFS tags to keep lockdep happy
There are several places where we use KM_SLEEP allocation contexts
and use the fact that they are called from transaction context to
add KM_NOFS where appropriate. Unfortunately, there are several
places where the code makes this assumption but can be called from
outside transaction context but with filesystem locks held. These
places need explicit KM_NOFS annotations to avoid lockdep
complaining about reclaim contexts.
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Ben Myers <bpm@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: Ben Myers <bpm@sgi.com>
Dave Chinner [Sun, 19 May 2013 23:51:10 +0000 (09:51 +1000)]
xfs: Don't reference the EFI after it is freed
Checking the EFI for whether it is being released from recovery
after we've already released the known active reference is a mistake
worthy of a brown paper bag. Fix the (now) obvious use after free
that it can cause.
Reported-by: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Brian Foster <bfoster@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Ben Myers <bpm@sgi.com>
Dave Chinner [Sun, 19 May 2013 23:51:09 +0000 (09:51 +1000)]
xfs: fix rounding in xfs_free_file_space
The offset passed into xfs_free_file_space() needs to be rounded
down to a certain size, but the rounding mask is built by a 32 bit
variable. Hence the mask will always mask off the upper 32 bits of
the offset and lead to incorrect writeback and invalidation ranges.
This is not actually exposed as a bug because we writeback and
invalidate from the rounded offset to the end of the file, and hence
the offset we are actually punching a hole out of will always be
covered by the code. This needs fixing, however, if we ever want to
use exact ranges for writeback/invalidation here...
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Brian Foster <bfoster@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Ben Myers <bpm@sgi.com>
Dave Chinner [Sun, 19 May 2013 23:51:08 +0000 (09:51 +1000)]
xfs: fix sub-page blocksize data integrity writes
FSX on 512 byte block size filesystems has been failing for some
time with corrupted data. The fault dates back to the change in
the writeback data integrity algorithm that uses a mark-and-sweep
approach to avoid data writeback livelocks.
Unfortunately, a side effect of this mark-and-sweep approach is that
each page will only be written once for a data integrity sync, and
there is a condition in writeback in XFS where a page may require
two writeback attempts to be fully written. As a result of the high
level change, we now only get a partial page writeback during the
integrity sync because the first pass through writeback clears the
mark left on the page index to tell writeback that the page needs
writeback....
The cause is writing a partial page in the clustering code. This can
happen when a mapping boundary falls in the middle of a page - we
end up writing back the first part of the page that the mapping
covers, but then never revisit the page to have the remainder mapped
and written.
The fix is simple - if the mapping boundary falls inside a page,
then simple abort clustering without touching the page. This means
that the next ->writepage entry that write_cache_pages() will make
is the page we aborted on, and xfs_vm_writepage() will map all
sections of the page correctly. This behaviour is also optimal for
non-data integrity writes, as it results in contiguous sequential
writeback of the file rather than missing small holes and having to
write them a "random" writes in a future pass.
With this fix, all the fsx tests in xfstests now pass on a 512 byte
block size filesystem on a 4k page machine.
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Brian Foster <bfoster@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Ben Myers <bpm@sgi.com>
Jan Kara [Thu, 11 Apr 2013 20:09:56 +0000 (22:09 +0200)]
xfs: Avoid pathological backwards allocation
Writing a large file using direct IO in 16 MB chunks sometimes results
in a pathological allocation pattern where 16 MB chunks of large free
extent are allocated to a file in a reversed order. So extents of a file
look for example as:
This happens because XFS_ALLOCTYPE_THIS_BNO allocation fails (the last
extent in the file cannot be further extended) so we fall back to
XFS_ALLOCTYPE_NEAR_BNO allocation which picks end of a large free
extent as the best place to continue the file. Since the chunk at the
end of the free extent again cannot be further extended, this behavior
repeats until the whole free extent is consumed in a reversed order.
For data allocations this backward allocation isn't beneficial so make
xfs_alloc_compute_diff() pick start of a free extent instead of its end
for them. That avoids the backward allocation pattern.
See thread at http://oss.sgi.com/archives/xfs/2013-03/msg00144.html for
more details about the reproduction case and why this solution was
chosen.
Based on idea by Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>.
CC: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz> Reviewed-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Mark Tinguely <tinguely@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: Ben Myers <bpm@sgi.com>
Linus Torvalds [Sun, 12 May 2013 00:04:59 +0000 (17:04 -0700)]
Merge tag 'trace-fixes-v3.10' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rostedt/linux-trace
Pull tracing/kprobes update from Steven Rostedt:
"The majority of these changes are from Masami Hiramatsu bringing
kprobes up to par with the latest changes to ftrace (multi buffering
and the new function probes).
He also discovered and fixed some bugs in doing so. When pulling in
his patches, I also found a few minor bugs as well and fixed them.
This also includes a compile fix for some archs that select the ring
buffer but not tracing.
I based this off of the last patch you took from me that fixed the
merge conflict error, as that was the commit that had all the changes
I needed for this set of changes."
* tag 'trace-fixes-v3.10' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rostedt/linux-trace:
tracing/kprobes: Support soft-mode disabling
tracing/kprobes: Support ftrace_event_file base multibuffer
tracing/kprobes: Pass trace_probe directly from dispatcher
tracing/kprobes: Increment probe hit-count even if it is used by perf
tracing/kprobes: Use bool for retprobe checker
ftrace: Fix function probe when more than one probe is added
ftrace: Fix the output of enabled_functions debug file
ftrace: Fix locking in register_ftrace_function_probe()
tracing: Add helper function trace_create_new_event() to remove duplicate code
tracing: Modify soft-mode only if there's no other referrer
tracing: Indicate enabled soft-mode in enable file
tracing/kprobes: Fix to increment return event probe hit-count
ftrace: Cleanup regex_lock and ftrace_lock around hash updating
ftrace, kprobes: Fix a deadlock on ftrace_regex_lock
ftrace: Have ftrace_regex_write() return either read or error
tracing: Return error if register_ftrace_function_probe() fails for event_enable_func()
tracing: Don't succeed if event_enable_func did not register anything
ring-buffer: Select IRQ_WORK
Linus Torvalds [Sat, 11 May 2013 23:19:30 +0000 (16:19 -0700)]
Merge tag 'stable/for-linus-3.10-rc0-tag-two' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/konrad/xen
Pull Xen bug-fixes from Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk:
- More fixes in the vCPU PVHVM hotplug path.
- Add more documentation.
- Fix various ARM related issues in the Xen generic drivers.
- Updates in the xen-pciback driver per Bjorn's updates.
- Mask the x2APIC feature for PV guests.
* tag 'stable/for-linus-3.10-rc0-tag-two' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/konrad/xen:
xen/pci: Used cached MSI-X capability offset
xen/pci: Use PCI_MSIX_TABLE_BIR, not PCI_MSIX_FLAGS_BIRMASK
xen: clear IRQ_NOAUTOEN and IRQ_NOREQUEST
xen: mask x2APIC feature in PV
xen: SWIOTLB is only used on x86
xen/spinlock: Fix check from greater than to be also be greater or equal to.
xen/smp/pvhvm: Don't point per_cpu(xen_vpcu, 33 and larger) to shared_info
xen/vcpu: Document the xen_vcpu_info and xen_vcpu
xen/vcpu/pvhvm: Fix vcpu hotplugging hanging.
Linus Torvalds [Sat, 11 May 2013 22:24:22 +0000 (15:24 -0700)]
Merge tag 'scsi-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jejb/scsi
Pull second SCSI update from James "Jaj B" Bottomley:
"This is the final round of SCSI patches for the merge window. It
consists mostly of driver updates (bnx2fc, ibmfc, fnic, lpfc,
be2iscsi, pm80xx, qla4x and ipr).
There's also the power management updates that complete the patches in
Jens' tree, an iscsi refcounting problem fix from the last pull, some
dif handling in scsi_debug fixes, a few nice code cleanups and an
error handling busy bug fix."
* tag 'scsi-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jejb/scsi: (92 commits)
[SCSI] qla2xxx: Update firmware link in Kconfig file.
[SCSI] iscsi class, qla4xxx: fix sess/conn refcounting when find fns are used
[SCSI] sas: unify the pointlessly separated enums sas_dev_type and sas_device_type
[SCSI] pm80xx: thermal, sas controller config and error handling update
[SCSI] pm80xx: NCQ error handling changes
[SCSI] pm80xx: WWN Modification for PM8081/88/89 controllers
[SCSI] pm80xx: Changed module name and debug messages update
[SCSI] pm80xx: Firmware flash memory free fix, with addition of new memory region for it
[SCSI] pm80xx: SPC new firmware changes for device id 0x8081 alone
[SCSI] pm80xx: Added SPCv/ve specific hardware functionalities and relevant changes in common files
[SCSI] pm80xx: MSI-X implementation for using 64 interrupts
[SCSI] pm80xx: Updated common functions common for SPC and SPCv/ve
[SCSI] pm80xx: Multiple inbound/outbound queue configuration
[SCSI] pm80xx: Added SPCv/ve specific ids, variables and modify for SPC
[SCSI] lpfc: fix up Kconfig dependencies
[SCSI] Handle MLQUEUE busy response in scsi_send_eh_cmnd
[SCSI] sd: change to auto suspend mode
[SCSI] sd: use REQ_PM in sd's runtime suspend operation
[SCSI] qla4xxx: Fix iocb_cnt calculation in qla4xxx_send_mbox_iocb()
[SCSI] ufs: Correct the expected data transfersize
...
Linus Torvalds [Sat, 11 May 2013 21:29:11 +0000 (14:29 -0700)]
Merge git://git.infradead.org/users/eparis/audit
Pull audit changes from Eric Paris:
"Al used to send pull requests every couple of years but he told me to
just start pushing them to you directly.
Our touching outside of core audit code is pretty straight forward. A
couple of interface changes which hit net/. A simple argument bug
calling audit functions in namei.c and the removal of some assembly
branch prediction code on ppc"
* git://git.infradead.org/users/eparis/audit: (31 commits)
audit: fix message spacing printing auid
Revert "audit: move kaudit thread start from auditd registration to kaudit init"
audit: vfs: fix audit_inode call in O_CREAT case of do_last
audit: Make testing for a valid loginuid explicit.
audit: fix event coverage of AUDIT_ANOM_LINK
audit: use spin_lock in audit_receive_msg to process tty logging
audit: do not needlessly take a lock in tty_audit_exit
audit: do not needlessly take a spinlock in copy_signal
audit: add an option to control logging of passwords with pam_tty_audit
audit: use spin_lock_irqsave/restore in audit tty code
helper for some session id stuff
audit: use a consistent audit helper to log lsm information
audit: push loginuid and sessionid processing down
audit: stop pushing loginid, uid, sessionid as arguments
audit: remove the old depricated kernel interface
audit: make validity checking generic
audit: allow checking the type of audit message in the user filter
audit: fix build break when AUDIT_DEBUG == 2
audit: remove duplicate export of audit_enabled
Audit: do not print error when LSMs disabled
...
Linus Torvalds [Fri, 10 May 2013 16:27:40 +0000 (09:27 -0700)]
Merge branch 'for_linus' of git://cavan.codon.org.uk/platform-drivers-x86
Pull x86 platform drivers from Matthew Garrett:
"Small set of updates, mainly trivial bugfixes and some small updates
to deal with newer hardware.
There's also a new driver that allows qemu guests to notify the
hypervisor that they've just paniced, which seems useful."
* 'for_linus' of git://cavan.codon.org.uk/platform-drivers-x86:
Add support for fan button on Ideapad Z580
pvpanic: pvpanic device driver
asus-nb-wmi: set wapf=4 for ASUSTeK COMPUTER INC. X75A
drivers: platform: x86: Use PTR_RET function
sony-laptop: SVS151290S kbd backlight and gfx switch support
hp-wmi: add more definitions for new event_id's
dell-laptop: Fix krealloc() misuse in parse_da_table()
hp_accel: Ignore the error from lis3lv02d_poweron() at resume
dell: add new dell WMI format for the AIO machines
Linus Torvalds [Fri, 10 May 2013 16:21:05 +0000 (09:21 -0700)]
Merge branch 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/signal
Pull stray syscall bits from Al Viro:
"Several syscall-related commits that were missing from the original"
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/signal:
switch compat_sys_sysctl to COMPAT_SYSCALL_DEFINE
unicore32: just use mmap_pgoff()...
unify compat fanotify_mark(2), switch to COMPAT_SYSCALL_DEFINE
x86, vm86: fix VM86 syscalls: use SYSCALL_DEFINEx(...)
Linus Torvalds [Fri, 10 May 2013 16:20:01 +0000 (09:20 -0700)]
Merge tag 'ecryptfs-3.10-rc1-ablkcipher' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tyhicks/ecryptfs
Pull eCryptfs update from Tyler Hicks:
"Improve performance when AES-NI (and most likely other crypto
accelerators) is available by moving to the ablkcipher crypto API.
The improvement is more apparent on faster storage devices.
There's no noticeable change when hardware crypto is not available"
* tag 'ecryptfs-3.10-rc1-ablkcipher' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tyhicks/ecryptfs:
eCryptfs: Use the ablkcipher crypto API
Linus Torvalds [Fri, 10 May 2013 16:09:47 +0000 (09:09 -0700)]
Merge tag 'for-linus-20130509' of git://git.infradead.org/~dwmw2/random-2.6
Pull misc fixes from David Woodhouse:
"This is some miscellaneous cleanups that don't really belong anywhere
else (or were ignored), that have been sitting in linux-next for some
time. Two of them are fixes resulting from my audit of krealloc()
usage that don't seem to have elicited any response when I posted
them, and the other three are patches from Artem removing dead code."
* tag 'for-linus-20130509' of git://git.infradead.org/~dwmw2/random-2.6:
pcmcia: remove RPX board stuff
m68k: remove rpxlite stuff
pcmcia: remove Motorola MBX860 support
params: Fix potential memory leak in add_sysfs_param()
dell-laptop: Fix krealloc() misuse in parse_da_table()
Linus Torvalds [Fri, 10 May 2013 16:08:21 +0000 (09:08 -0700)]
Merge tag 'kvm-3.10-2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/virt/kvm/kvm
Pull kvm fixes from Gleb Natapov:
"Most of the fixes are in the emulator since now we emulate more than
we did before for correctness sake we see more bugs there, but there
is also an OOPS fixed and corruption of xcr0 register."
* tag 'kvm-3.10-2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/virt/kvm/kvm:
KVM: emulator: emulate SALC
KVM: emulator: emulate XLAT
KVM: emulator: emulate AAM
KVM: VMX: fix halt emulation while emulating invalid guest sate
KVM: Fix kvm_irqfd_init initialization
KVM: x86: fix maintenance of guest/host xcr0 state
Linus Torvalds [Fri, 10 May 2013 16:02:50 +0000 (09:02 -0700)]
Merge tag 'dm-3.10-changes-2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/agk/linux-dm
Pull device-mapper updates from Alasdair Kergon:
"Allow devices that hold metadata for the device-mapper thin
provisioning target to be extended easily; allow WRITE SAME on
multipath devices; an assortment of little fixes and clean-ups."
* tag 'dm-3.10-changes-2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/agk/linux-dm: (21 commits)
dm cache: set config value
dm cache: move config fns
dm thin: generate event when metadata threshold passed
dm persistent metadata: add space map threshold callback
dm persistent data: add threshold callback to space map
dm thin: detect metadata device resizing
dm persistent data: support space map resizing
dm thin: open dev read only when possible
dm thin: refactor data dev resize
dm cache: replace memcpy with struct assignment
dm cache: fix typos in comments
dm cache policy: fix description of lookup fn
dm: document iterate_devices
dm persistent data: fix error message typos
dm cache: tune migration throttling
dm mpath: enable WRITE SAME support
dm table: fix write same support
dm bufio: avoid a possible __vmalloc deadlock
dm snapshot: fix error return code in snapshot_ctr
dm cache: fix error return code in cache_create
...
Linus Torvalds [Fri, 10 May 2013 16:00:39 +0000 (09:00 -0700)]
Merge branch 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jikos/hid
Pull HID fixes from Jiri Kosina:
- fix usage of sleeping lock in atomic context from Jiri Kosina
- build fix for hid-steelseries under certain .config setups by Simon Wood
- simple mismerge fix from Fernando Luis Vázquez Cao
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jikos/hid:
HID: debug: fix RCU preemption issue
HID: hid-steelseries fix led class build issue
HID: reintroduce fix-up for certain Sony RF receivers
Linus Torvalds [Fri, 10 May 2013 14:51:56 +0000 (07:51 -0700)]
Merge tag 'sound-3.10' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tiwai/sound
Pull sound fixes from Takashi Iwai:
"This contains small fixes since the previous pull request:
- A few regression fixes and small updates of HD-audio
- Yet another fix for Haswell HDMI audio
- A copule of trivial fixes in ASoC McASP, DPAM and WM8994"
* tag 'sound-3.10' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tiwai/sound:
Revert "ALSA: hda - Don't set up active streams twice"
ALSA: Add comment for control TLV API
ALSA: hda - Apply pin-enablement workaround to all Haswell HDMI codecs
ALSA: HDA: Fix Oops caused by dereference NULL pointer
ALSA: mips/sgio2audio: Remove redundant platform_set_drvdata()
ALSA: mips/hal2: Remove redundant platform_set_drvdata()
ALSA: hda - Fix 3.9 regression of EAPD init on Conexant codecs
sound: Fix make allmodconfig on MIPS
ALSA: hda - Fix system panic when DMA > 40 bits for Nvidia audio controllers
ALSA: atmel: Remove redundant platform_set_drvdata()
ASoC: McASP: Fix receive clock polarity in DAIFMT_NB_NF mode.
ASoC: wm8994: missing break in wm8994_aif3_hw_params()
ASoC: McASP: Add pins output direction for rx clocks when configured in CBS_CFS format
ASoC: dapm: use clk_prepare_enable and clk_disable_unprepare
Linus Torvalds [Fri, 10 May 2013 14:48:05 +0000 (07:48 -0700)]
Merge branch 'upstream' of git://git.linux-mips.org/pub/scm/ralf/upstream-linus
Pull MIPS updates from Ralf Baechle:
- More work on DT support for various platforms
- Various fixes that were to late to make it straight into 3.9
- Improved platform support, in particular the Netlogic XLR and
BCM63xx, and the SEAD3 and Malta eval boards.
- Support for several Ralink SOC families.
- Complete support for the microMIPS ASE which basically reencodes the
existing MIPS32/MIPS64 ISA to use non-constant size instructions.
- Some fallout from LTO work which remove old cruft and will generally
make the MIPS kernel easier to maintain and resistant to compiler
optimization, even in absence of LTO.
- KVM support. While MIPS has announced hardware virtualization
extensions this KVM extension uses trap and emulate mode for
virtualization of MIPS32. More KVM work to add support for VZ
hardware virtualizaiton extensions and MIPS64 will probably already
be merged for 3.11.
Most of this has been sitting in -next for a long time. All defconfigs
have been build or run time tested except three for which fixes are being
sent by other maintainers.
Semantic conflict with kvm updates done as per Ralf
* 'upstream' of git://git.linux-mips.org/pub/scm/ralf/upstream-linus: (118 commits)
MIPS: Add new GIC clockevent driver.
MIPS: Formatting clean-ups for clocksources.
MIPS: Refactor GIC clocksource code.
MIPS: Move 'gic_frequency' to common location.
MIPS: Move 'gic_present' to common location.
MIPS: MIPS16e: Add unaligned access support.
MIPS: MIPS16e: Support handling of delay slots.
MIPS: MIPS16e: Add instruction formats.
MIPS: microMIPS: Optimise 'strnlen' core library function.
MIPS: microMIPS: Optimise 'strlen' core library function.
MIPS: microMIPS: Optimise 'strncpy' core library function.
MIPS: microMIPS: Optimise 'memset' core library function.
MIPS: microMIPS: Add configuration option for microMIPS kernel.
MIPS: microMIPS: Disable LL/SC and fix linker bug.
MIPS: microMIPS: Add vdso support.
MIPS: microMIPS: Add unaligned access support.
MIPS: microMIPS: Support handling of delay slots.
MIPS: microMIPS: Add support for exception handling.
MIPS: microMIPS: Floating point support.
MIPS: microMIPS: Fix macro naming in micro-assembler.
...
Mike Christie [Mon, 6 May 2013 17:06:56 +0000 (12:06 -0500)]
[SCSI] iscsi class, qla4xxx: fix sess/conn refcounting when find fns are used
This fixes a bug where the iscsi class/driver did not do a put_device
when a sess/conn device was found. This also simplifies the interface
by not having to pass in some arguments that were duplicated and did
not need to be exported.
Reported-by: Zhao Hongjiang <zhaohongjiang@huawei.com> Signed-off-by: Mike Christie <michaelc@cs.wisc.edu> Acked-by: Vikas Chaudhary <vikas.chaudhary@qlogic.com> Signed-off-by: James Bottomley <JBottomley@Parallels.com>
James Bottomley [Tue, 7 May 2013 21:44:06 +0000 (14:44 -0700)]
[SCSI] sas: unify the pointlessly separated enums sas_dev_type and sas_device_type
These enums have been separate since the dawn of SAS, mainly because the
latter is a procotol only enum and the former includes additional state
for libsas. The dichotomy causes endless confusion about which one you
should use where and leads to pointless warnings like this:
drivers/scsi/mvsas/mv_sas.c: In function 'mvs_update_phyinfo':
drivers/scsi/mvsas/mv_sas.c:1162:34: warning: comparison between 'enum sas_device_type' and 'enum sas_dev_type' [-Wenum-compare]
Fix by eliminating one of them. The one kept is effectively the sas.h
one, but call it sas_device_type and make sure the enums are all
properly namespaced with the SAS_ prefix.
Signed-off-by: James Bottomley <JBottomley@Parallels.com>
Sakthivel K [Tue, 19 Mar 2013 12:38:40 +0000 (18:08 +0530)]
[SCSI] pm80xx: thermal, sas controller config and error handling update
Modified thermal configuration to happen after interrupt registration
Added SAS controller configuration during initialization
Added error handling logic to handle I_T_Nexus errors and variants
[jejb: fix up tabs and spaces issues] Signed-off-by: Anand Kumar S <AnandKumar.Santhanam@pmcs.com> Acked-by: Jack Wang <jack_wang@usish.com> Reviewed-by: Hannes Reinecke <hare@suse.de> Signed-off-by: James Bottomley <JBottomley@Parallels.com>
Sakthivel K [Tue, 19 Mar 2013 12:38:08 +0000 (18:08 +0530)]
[SCSI] pm80xx: NCQ error handling changes
Handled NCQ errors in the low level driver as the FW
is not providing the faulty tag for NCQ errors for libsas
to recover.
[jejb: fix checkpatch issues] Signed-off-by: Anand Kumar S <AnandKumar.Santhanam@pmcs.com> Acked-by: Jack Wang <jack_wang@usish.com> Reviewed-by: Hannes Reinecke <hare@suse.de> Signed-off-by: James Bottomley <JBottomley@Parallels.com>
Sakthivel K [Tue, 19 Mar 2013 12:37:35 +0000 (18:07 +0530)]
[SCSI] pm80xx: WWN Modification for PM8081/88/89 controllers
Individual WWN read operations based on controller.
PM8081 - Read WWN from Flash VPD.
PM8088/89 - Read WWN from EEPROM.
PM8001 - Read WWN from NVM.
Signed-off-by: Sakthivel K <Sakthivel.SaravananKamalRaju@pmcs.com> Signed-off-by: Anand Kumar S <AnandKumar.Santhanam@pmcs.com> Acked-by: Jack Wang <jack_wang@usish.com> Reviewed-by: Hannes Reinecke <hare@suse.de> Signed-off-by: James Bottomley <JBottomley@Parallels.com>
Sakthivel K [Tue, 19 Mar 2013 12:37:09 +0000 (18:07 +0530)]
[SCSI] pm80xx: Changed module name and debug messages update
Changed name in driver to pm80xx. Updated debug messages.
Signed-off-by: Sakthivel K <Sakthivel.SaravananKamalRaju@pmcs.com> Signed-off-by: Anand Kumar S <AnandKumar.Santhanam@pmcs.com> Acked-by: Jack Wang <jack_wang@usish.com> Reviewed-by: Hannes Reinecke <hare@suse.de> Signed-off-by: James Bottomley <JBottomley@Parallels.com>
Sakthivel K [Tue, 19 Mar 2013 12:36:40 +0000 (18:06 +0530)]
[SCSI] pm80xx: Firmware flash memory free fix, with addition of new memory region for it
Performing pci_free_consistent in tasklet had result in a core dump. So
allocated a new memory region for it. Fix for passing proper address
and operation in firmware flash update.
Signed-off-by: Sakthivel K <Sakthivel.SaravananKamalRaju@pmcs.com> Signed-off-by: Anand Kumar S <AnandKumar.Santhanam@pmcs.com> Acked-by: Jack Wang <jack_wang@usish.com> Reviewed-by: Hannes Reinecke <hare@suse.de> Signed-off-by: James Bottomley <JBottomley@Parallels.com>
Sakthivel K [Tue, 19 Mar 2013 12:35:55 +0000 (18:05 +0530)]
[SCSI] pm80xx: SPC new firmware changes for device id 0x8081 alone
Additional bar shift for new SPC firmware, applicable to device
id 0x8081 only.
Signed-off-by: Sakthivel K <Sakthivel.SaravananKamalRaju@pmcs.com> Signed-off-by: Anand Kumar S <AnandKumar.Santhanam@pmcs.com> Acked-by: Jack Wang <jack_wang@usish.com> Reviewed-by: Hannes Reinecke <hare@suse.de> Signed-off-by: James Bottomley <JBottomley@Parallels.com>
Sakthivel K [Wed, 17 Apr 2013 11:07:02 +0000 (16:37 +0530)]
[SCSI] pm80xx: Added SPCv/ve specific hardware functionalities and relevant changes in common files
Implementation of SPCv/ve specific hardware functionality and
macros. Changing common functionalities wrt SPCv/ve operations.
Conditional checks for SPC specific operations.
Signed-off-by: Sakthivel K <Sakthivel.SaravananKamalRaju@pmcs.com> Signed-off-by: Anand Kumar S <AnandKumar.Santhanam@pmcs.com> Acked-by: Jack Wang <jack_wang@usish.com> Reviewed-by: Hannes Reinecke <hare@suse.de> Signed-off-by: James Bottomley <JBottomley@Parallels.com>
Sakthivel K [Tue, 19 Mar 2013 12:26:17 +0000 (17:56 +0530)]
[SCSI] pm80xx: MSI-X implementation for using 64 interrupts
Implementation of interrupt handlers and tasklets to support
upto 64 interrupt for the device.
Signed-off-by: Sakthivel K <Sakthivel.SaravananKamalRaju@pmcs.com> Signed-off-by: Anand Kumar S <AnandKumar.Santhanam@pmcs.com> Acked-by: Jack Wang <jack_wang@usish.com> Reviewed-by: Hannes Reinecke <hare@suse.de> Signed-off-by: James Bottomley <JBottomley@Parallels.com>
Sakthivel K [Wed, 27 Feb 2013 14:57:43 +0000 (20:27 +0530)]
[SCSI] pm80xx: Updated common functions common for SPC and SPCv/ve
Update of function prototype for common function to SPC and SPCv/ve.
Multiple queues implementation for IO.
Signed-off-by: Sakthivel K <Sakthivel.SaravananKamalRaju@pmcs.com> Signed-off-by: Anand Kumar S <AnandKumar.Santhanam@pmcs.com> Acked-by: Jack Wang <jack_wang@usish.com> Reviewed-by: Hannes Reinecke <hare@suse.de> Signed-off-by: James Bottomley <JBottomley@Parallels.com>
Memory allocation and configuration of multiple inbound and
outbound queues.
Signed-off-by: Sakthivel K <Sakthivel.SaravananKamalRaju@pmcs.com> Signed-off-by: Anand Kumar S <AnandKumar.Santhanam@pmcs.com> Acked-by: Jack Wang <jack_wang@usish.com> Reviewed-by: Hannes Reinecke <hare@suse.de> Signed-off-by: James Bottomley <JBottomley@Parallels.com>
Sakthivel K [Wed, 17 Apr 2013 10:56:36 +0000 (16:26 +0530)]
[SCSI] pm80xx: Added SPCv/ve specific ids, variables and modify for SPC
Updated pci id table with device, vendor, subdevice and subvendor ids
for 8081, 8088, 8089 SAS/SATA controllers. Added SPCv/ve related macros.
Updated macros, hba info structure and other structures for SPCv/ve.
Update of structure and variable names for SPC hardware functionalities.
Signed-off-by: Sakthivel K <Sakthivel.SaravananKamalRaju@pmcs.com> Signed-off-by: Anand Kumar S <AnandKumar.Santhanam@pmcs.com> Acked-by: Jack Wang <jack_wang@usish.com> Reviewed-by: Hannes Reinecke <hare@suse.de> Signed-off-by: James Bottomley <JBottomley@Parallels.com>
Hannes Reinecke [Thu, 25 Apr 2013 06:10:00 +0000 (08:10 +0200)]
[SCSI] Handle MLQUEUE busy response in scsi_send_eh_cmnd
scsi_send_eh_cmnd() is calling queuecommand() directly, so
it needs to check the return value here.
The only valid return codes for queuecommand() are 'busy'
states, so we need to wait for a bit to allow the LLDD
to recover.
Based on an earlier patch from Wen Xiong.
[jejb: fix confusion between msec and jiffies values and other issues]
[bvanassche: correct stall_for interval] Cc: Wen Xiong <wenxiong@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: Brian King <brking@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Hannes Reinecke <hare@suse.de> Signed-off-by: James Bottomley <JBottomley@Parallels.com>
Linus Torvalds [Fri, 10 May 2013 14:22:35 +0000 (07:22 -0700)]
Merge branch 'for-next' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gerg/m68knommu
Pull m68knommu updates from Greg Ungerer:
"The bulk of the changes are generalizing the ColdFire v3 core support
and adding in 537x CPU support. Also a couple of other bug fixes, one
to fix a reintroduction of a past bug in the romfs filesystem nommu
support."
* 'for-next' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gerg/m68knommu:
m68knommu: enable Timer on coldfire 532x
m68knommu: fix ColdFire 5373/5329 QSPI base address
m68knommu: add support for configuring a Freescale M5373EVB board
m68knommu: add support for the ColdFire 537x family of CPUs
m68knommu: make ColdFire M532x platform support more v3 generic
m68knommu: create and use a common M53xx ColdFire class of CPUs
m68k: remove unused asm/dbg.h
m68k: Set ColdFire ACR1 cache mode depending on kernel configuration
romfs: fix nommu map length to keep inside filesystem
m68k: clean up unused "config ROMVECSIZE"
Linus Torvalds [Fri, 10 May 2013 14:21:16 +0000 (07:21 -0700)]
Merge tag 'for-linus' of git://github.com/realmz/blackfin-linux
Pull blackfin updates from Steven Miao.
* tag 'for-linus' of git://github.com/realmz/blackfin-linux:
bfin cache: dcplb map: add 16M dcplb map for BF60x
blackfin: smp: fix smp build after drop asm/system.h
blackfin: fix bootup core clock and system clock display
Platform Nand: Set the GPIO for NAND read as input
blackfin: rename vmImage to uImage after we move to buildroot
blackfin: twi: Remove bogus #endif
bf609: rsi: Add bf609 rsi MMR macro and board platform data.
blackfin: dmc: Improve DDR2 write through in DMC effict controller.
Linus Torvalds [Fri, 10 May 2013 14:19:52 +0000 (07:19 -0700)]
Merge branch 'next' of git://git.monstr.eu/linux-2.6-microblaze
Pull microblaze updates from Michal Simek.
* 'next' of git://git.monstr.eu/linux-2.6-microblaze:
microblaze: Enable IRQ in arch_cpu_idle
microblaze: Fix uaccess_ok macro
microblaze: Add support for new cpu versions and target architecture
microblaze: Do not select OPT_LIB_ASM by default
microblaze: Fix initrd support
microblaze: Do not use r6 in head.S
microblaze: pci: Remove duplicated header
microblaze: Set the default irq_domain
microblaze: pci: Remove duplicated include from pci-common.c
Joe Thornber [Fri, 10 May 2013 13:37:20 +0000 (14:37 +0100)]
dm persistent data: add threshold callback to space map
Add a threshold callback function to the persistent data space map
interface for a subsequent patch to use.
dm-thin and dm-cache are interested in knowing when they're getting
low on metadata or data blocks. This patch introduces a new method
for registering a callback against a threshold.
Signed-off-by: Joe Thornber <ejt@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Alasdair G Kergon <agk@redhat.com>
Joe Thornber [Fri, 10 May 2013 13:37:19 +0000 (14:37 +0100)]
dm persistent data: support space map resizing
Support extending a dm persistent data metadata space map.
The extend itself is implemented by switching back to the boostrap
allocator and pointing to the new space. The extra bitmap indexes are
then allocated from the new space, and finally we switch back to the
proper space map ops and tweak the reference counts.
Signed-off-by: Joe Thornber <ejt@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Alasdair G Kergon <agk@redhat.com>
Joe Thornber [Fri, 10 May 2013 13:37:19 +0000 (14:37 +0100)]
dm thin: open dev read only when possible
If a thin pool is created in read-only-metadata mode then only open the
metadata device read-only.
Previously it was always opened with FMODE_READ | FMODE_WRITE.
(Note that dm_get_device() still allows read-only dm devices to be used
read-write at the moment: If I create a read-only linear device for the
metadata, via dmsetup load --readonly, then I can still create a rw pool
out of it.)
Signed-off-by: Joe Thornber <ejt@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Alasdair G Kergon <agk@redhat.com>