If an I2C GPIO multiplexer is driven by a GPIO provided by an expander
when there's a second expander using the same device driver on one of
the I2C bus segments, lockdep prints a deadlock warning when trying to
set the direction or the value of the GPIOs provided by the second
expander.
The reason for lockdep warning is that we take the chip->i2c_lock in
pca953x_gpio_set_value() or pca953x_gpio_direction_output() and then
come right back to pca953x_gpio_set_value() when the GPIO mux kicks
in. The locks actually protect different expanders, but for lockdep
both are of the same class, so it says: