From 99bbc70741903c063b3ccad90a3e06fc55df9245 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Willem de Bruijn Date: Mon, 20 May 2013 04:02:32 +0000 Subject: [PATCH] rps: selective flow shedding during softnet overflow A cpu executing the network receive path sheds packets when its input queue grows to netdev_max_backlog. A single high rate flow (such as a spoofed source DoS) can exceed a single cpu processing rate and will degrade throughput of other flows hashed onto the same cpu. This patch adds a more fine grained hashtable. If the netdev backlog is above a threshold, IRQ cpus track the ratio of total traffic of each flow (using 4096 buckets, configurable). The ratio is measured by counting the number of packets per flow over the last 256 packets from the source cpu. Any flow that occupies a large fraction of this (set at 50%) will see packet drop while above the threshold. Tested: Setup is a muli-threaded UDP echo server with network rx IRQ on cpu0, kernel receive (RPS) on cpu0 and application threads on cpus 2--7 each handling 20k req/s. Throughput halves when hit with a 400 kpps antagonist storm. With this patch applied, antagonist overload is dropped and the server processes its complete load. The patch is effective when kernel receive processing is the bottleneck. The above RPS scenario is a extreme, but the same is reached with RFS and sufficient kernel processing (iptables, packet socket tap, ..). Signed-off-by: Willem de Bruijn Acked-by: Eric Dumazet Signed-off-by: David S. Miller --- include/linux/netdevice.h | 17 ++++++ net/Kconfig | 12 +++++ net/core/dev.c | 48 ++++++++++++++++- net/core/net-procfs.c | 16 +++++- net/core/sysctl_net_core.c | 104 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 5 files changed, 194 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/include/linux/netdevice.h b/include/linux/netdevice.h index a94a5a0ab122..7dd535d4b41e 100644 --- a/include/linux/netdevice.h +++ b/include/linux/netdevice.h @@ -1778,6 +1778,19 @@ static inline int unregister_gifconf(unsigned int family) return register_gifconf(family, NULL); } +#ifdef CONFIG_NET_FLOW_LIMIT +#define FLOW_LIMIT_HISTORY (1 << 8) /* must be ^2 */ +struct sd_flow_limit { + u64 count; + unsigned int num_buckets; + unsigned int history_head; + u16 history[FLOW_LIMIT_HISTORY]; + u8 buckets[]; +}; + +extern int netdev_flow_limit_table_len; +#endif /* CONFIG_NET_FLOW_LIMIT */ + /* * Incoming packets are placed on per-cpu queues */ @@ -1807,6 +1820,10 @@ struct softnet_data { unsigned int dropped; struct sk_buff_head input_pkt_queue; struct napi_struct backlog; + +#ifdef CONFIG_NET_FLOW_LIMIT + struct sd_flow_limit *flow_limit; +#endif }; static inline void input_queue_head_incr(struct softnet_data *sd) diff --git a/net/Kconfig b/net/Kconfig index 2ddc9046868e..08de901415ee 100644 --- a/net/Kconfig +++ b/net/Kconfig @@ -259,6 +259,18 @@ config BPF_JIT packet sniffing (libpcap/tcpdump). Note : Admin should enable this feature changing /proc/sys/net/core/bpf_jit_enable +config NET_FLOW_LIMIT + boolean + depends on RPS + default y + ---help--- + The network stack has to drop packets when a receive processing CPU's + backlog reaches netdev_max_backlog. If a few out of many active flows + generate the vast majority of load, drop their traffic earlier to + maintain capacity for the other flows. This feature provides servers + with many clients some protection against DoS by a single (spoofed) + flow that greatly exceeds average workload. + menu "Network testing" config NET_PKTGEN diff --git a/net/core/dev.c b/net/core/dev.c index 18e9730cc4be..7229bc30e509 100644 --- a/net/core/dev.c +++ b/net/core/dev.c @@ -3064,6 +3064,46 @@ static int rps_ipi_queued(struct softnet_data *sd) return 0; } +#ifdef CONFIG_NET_FLOW_LIMIT +int netdev_flow_limit_table_len __read_mostly = (1 << 12); +#endif + +static bool skb_flow_limit(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int qlen) +{ +#ifdef CONFIG_NET_FLOW_LIMIT + struct sd_flow_limit *fl; + struct softnet_data *sd; + unsigned int old_flow, new_flow; + + if (qlen < (netdev_max_backlog >> 1)) + return false; + + sd = &__get_cpu_var(softnet_data); + + rcu_read_lock(); + fl = rcu_dereference(sd->flow_limit); + if (fl) { + new_flow = skb_get_rxhash(skb) & (fl->num_buckets - 1); + old_flow = fl->history[fl->history_head]; + fl->history[fl->history_head] = new_flow; + + fl->history_head++; + fl->history_head &= FLOW_LIMIT_HISTORY - 1; + + if (likely(fl->buckets[old_flow])) + fl->buckets[old_flow]--; + + if (++fl->buckets[new_flow] > (FLOW_LIMIT_HISTORY >> 1)) { + fl->count++; + rcu_read_unlock(); + return true; + } + } + rcu_read_unlock(); +#endif + return false; +} + /* * enqueue_to_backlog is called to queue an skb to a per CPU backlog * queue (may be a remote CPU queue). @@ -3073,13 +3113,15 @@ static int enqueue_to_backlog(struct sk_buff *skb, int cpu, { struct softnet_data *sd; unsigned long flags; + unsigned int qlen; sd = &per_cpu(softnet_data, cpu); local_irq_save(flags); rps_lock(sd); - if (skb_queue_len(&sd->input_pkt_queue) <= netdev_max_backlog) { + qlen = skb_queue_len(&sd->input_pkt_queue); + if (qlen <= netdev_max_backlog && !skb_flow_limit(skb, qlen)) { if (skb_queue_len(&sd->input_pkt_queue)) { enqueue: __skb_queue_tail(&sd->input_pkt_queue, skb); @@ -6269,6 +6311,10 @@ static int __init net_dev_init(void) sd->backlog.weight = weight_p; sd->backlog.gro_list = NULL; sd->backlog.gro_count = 0; + +#ifdef CONFIG_NET_FLOW_LIMIT + sd->flow_limit = NULL; +#endif } dev_boot_phase = 0; diff --git a/net/core/net-procfs.c b/net/core/net-procfs.c index 569d355fec3e..2bf83299600a 100644 --- a/net/core/net-procfs.c +++ b/net/core/net-procfs.c @@ -146,11 +146,23 @@ static void softnet_seq_stop(struct seq_file *seq, void *v) static int softnet_seq_show(struct seq_file *seq, void *v) { struct softnet_data *sd = v; + unsigned int flow_limit_count = 0; - seq_printf(seq, "%08x %08x %08x %08x %08x %08x %08x %08x %08x %08x\n", +#ifdef CONFIG_NET_FLOW_LIMIT + struct sd_flow_limit *fl; + + rcu_read_lock(); + fl = rcu_dereference(sd->flow_limit); + if (fl) + flow_limit_count = fl->count; + rcu_read_unlock(); +#endif + + seq_printf(seq, + "%08x %08x %08x %08x %08x %08x %08x %08x %08x %08x %08x\n", sd->processed, sd->dropped, sd->time_squeeze, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, /* was fastroute */ - sd->cpu_collision, sd->received_rps); + sd->cpu_collision, sd->received_rps, flow_limit_count); return 0; } diff --git a/net/core/sysctl_net_core.c b/net/core/sysctl_net_core.c index cfdb46ab3a7f..741db5fc7806 100644 --- a/net/core/sysctl_net_core.c +++ b/net/core/sysctl_net_core.c @@ -87,6 +87,96 @@ static int rps_sock_flow_sysctl(ctl_table *table, int write, } #endif /* CONFIG_RPS */ +#ifdef CONFIG_NET_FLOW_LIMIT +static DEFINE_MUTEX(flow_limit_update_mutex); + +static int flow_limit_cpu_sysctl(ctl_table *table, int write, + void __user *buffer, size_t *lenp, + loff_t *ppos) +{ + struct sd_flow_limit *cur; + struct softnet_data *sd; + cpumask_var_t mask; + int i, len, ret = 0; + + if (!alloc_cpumask_var(&mask, GFP_KERNEL)) + return -ENOMEM; + + if (write) { + ret = cpumask_parse_user(buffer, *lenp, mask); + if (ret) + goto done; + + mutex_lock(&flow_limit_update_mutex); + len = sizeof(*cur) + netdev_flow_limit_table_len; + for_each_possible_cpu(i) { + sd = &per_cpu(softnet_data, i); + cur = rcu_dereference_protected(sd->flow_limit, + lockdep_is_held(&flow_limit_update_mutex)); + if (cur && !cpumask_test_cpu(i, mask)) { + RCU_INIT_POINTER(sd->flow_limit, NULL); + synchronize_rcu(); + kfree(cur); + } else if (!cur && cpumask_test_cpu(i, mask)) { + cur = kzalloc(len, GFP_KERNEL); + if (!cur) { + /* not unwinding previous changes */ + ret = -ENOMEM; + goto write_unlock; + } + cur->num_buckets = netdev_flow_limit_table_len; + rcu_assign_pointer(sd->flow_limit, cur); + } + } +write_unlock: + mutex_unlock(&flow_limit_update_mutex); + } else { + if (*ppos || !*lenp) { + *lenp = 0; + goto done; + } + + cpumask_clear(mask); + rcu_read_lock(); + for_each_possible_cpu(i) { + sd = &per_cpu(softnet_data, i); + if (rcu_dereference(sd->flow_limit)) + cpumask_set_cpu(i, mask); + } + rcu_read_unlock(); + + len = cpumask_scnprintf(buffer, *lenp, mask); + *lenp = len + 1; + *ppos += len + 1; + } + +done: + free_cpumask_var(mask); + return ret; +} + +static int flow_limit_table_len_sysctl(ctl_table *table, int write, + void __user *buffer, size_t *lenp, + loff_t *ppos) +{ + unsigned int old, *ptr; + int ret; + + mutex_lock(&flow_limit_update_mutex); + + ptr = table->data; + old = *ptr; + ret = proc_dointvec(table, write, buffer, lenp, ppos); + if (!ret && write && !is_power_of_2(*ptr)) { + *ptr = old; + ret = -EINVAL; + } + + mutex_unlock(&flow_limit_update_mutex); + return ret; +} +#endif /* CONFIG_NET_FLOW_LIMIT */ + static struct ctl_table net_core_table[] = { #ifdef CONFIG_NET { @@ -180,6 +270,20 @@ static struct ctl_table net_core_table[] = { .proc_handler = rps_sock_flow_sysctl }, #endif +#ifdef CONFIG_NET_FLOW_LIMIT + { + .procname = "flow_limit_cpu_bitmap", + .mode = 0644, + .proc_handler = flow_limit_cpu_sysctl + }, + { + .procname = "flow_limit_table_len", + .data = &netdev_flow_limit_table_len, + .maxlen = sizeof(int), + .mode = 0644, + .proc_handler = flow_limit_table_len_sysctl + }, +#endif /* CONFIG_NET_FLOW_LIMIT */ #endif /* CONFIG_NET */ { .procname = "netdev_budget", -- 2.39.5